• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.8B
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• pp.986-995
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• 2011

Recently, the market of fiber and apparel industry is rapidly changing from producer to consumer oriented. This trend emphasizes the necessity of SCM systems being able to do flexible correspondences to the market changing through synthetically reflecting consumers' various needs and a variety of patterns. However, because traditional SCMs manage their supply chains being based on bar code systems from the production to the distribution, they are suffering from the needs of real time information sharing and have their essential restrictions in the response to the environmental changes of the market and consumers' needs. This paper suggests a new RFID based u-SCM system optimized into the fiber and apparel industry. The proposed system has the benefits that through basing on RPID can collect information of the production and the distribution real time and make better use of it and connect to the legacy systems organically via Web services and rapidly respond to the market changing and consumers' needs. Through implementation, it is demonstrated that the proposed system can effectively facilitate them.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.358-374
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• 2019

Indigestible carbohydrates as dietary fiber have attracted interest of consumers due to their several physiological benefits. Recent definitions of dietary fiber have included other indigestible carbohydrates such as resistant starch and resistant maltodextrins, which are natural, colorless, odorless and tasteless low-calorie food ingredients. Unlike some carbohydrates and digestible starches, indigestible starch and maltodextrin resist enzymatic hydrolysis in the upper gastrointestinal tract, resulting in little or no direct glucose absorption. In addition, there is increased microbial fermentation production of short-chain fatty acids in the large intestine. As an emerging functional low-calorie food ingredient, resistant starch and maltodextrin have been shown to have equivalent or superior impacts on human health compared to conventional fiber-enriched food ingredients. In this paper, the definition, strategies to enhance dietary fiber content in foods, some potential health benefits, and applications in food industry for indigestible starch and maltodextrin are summarized and discussed.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.847-857
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• 2022

Objective: The effects of maternal undernutrition during midgestation on muscle fiber histology, myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression, methylation modification of myogenic factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the skeletal muscles of prenatal and postnatal goats were examined. Methods: Twenty-four pregnant goats were assigned to a control (100% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) or a restricted group (60% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) between 45 and 100 days of gestation. Descendants were harvested at day 100 of gestation and at day 90 after birth to collect the femoris muscle tissue. Results: Maternal undernutrition increased (p<0.05) the fiber area of the vastus muscle in the fetuses and enhanced (p<0.01) the proportions of MyHCI and MyHCIIA fibers in offspring, while the proportion of MyHCIIX fibers was decreased (p<0.01). DNA methylation at the +530 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site of the myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) promoter in restricted fetuses was increased (p<0.05), but the methylation of the MYF5 gene at the +274,280 CpG site and of the myogenic differentiation (MYOD) gene at the +252 CpG site in restricted kids was reduced (p<0.05). mTOR protein signals were down-regulated (p<0.05) in the restricted offspring. Conclusion: Maternal undernutrition altered the muscle fiber type in offspring, but its relationship with methylation in the promoter regions of myogenic genes needs to be elucidated.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.206-218
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• 2005

Structural studies of series of 'as spun' and drawn PEEK fibers have been carried out using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy techniques. The analysis of results suggest that fibers produced at a constant draw ratio with increasing draw temperatures show enhanced orientation and crystalline behaviour. The resolved equatorial and meridional traces provide additional structural parameters in terms of crystallinity, crystallite size, and crystallite thickness. It is concluded that drawing at a temperature below $T_g(i.e.,\;144^{\circ}C)$ results in poorly oriented non-crystalline materials, whereas drawing above $T_g$ results in highly oriented semi crystalline materials. Additional drawing proved to increase the overall orientation with slight improvements in lateral order of the chain molecules. Quantitative analysis revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing drawing temperature. The results also revealed the increased crystallite size upon additional drawing. Crystalline orientation parameter, $_c$, suggests almost perfect orientation. In all cases, the amorphous orientation is found to be lower than the overall orientation parameter obtained from the optical birefringence. As a result of additional drawing, crystalline orientation was found to increase slightly but the increase in the orientation of non-crystalline material was found to be substantial. An average crystalline density was determined from the orthorhombic unit cell dimensions. It was found to vary as a result of processing conditions. It was also found that the value of the maximum birefringence shows heavy dependence on the chain conformation.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2002

This study was carried out to analyze the effects of preservation temperature and relative humidity to the physical properties of corrugated fiberboard boxes for fruit and vegetable packaging. The preservation temperature did not affect severely to physical properties of corrugated fiber-board. Relative humidity was a major cause of corrugated fiberboard box quality deterioration. The burst and compressive strengths of experimental boxes measured with Mullen high pressure tester and tong crush tester were decreased gradually as relative humidity increased from 55% to 75%. But, the strength properties slightly decreased relative humidity at 75% or higher. This tendency was the greater for single wall (SW) corrugated fiberboard box than that for double wall (DW). It is suggested that development of the water-resistant corrugated fiberboard and box be needed that can be used under the condition of low temperature and high moisture content, which are being employed in the cold chain system.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

Urethane-acrylate propelymers for secondary coating of optical fiber and high - performance material were prepared from the 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI), poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol(PTMG, Mw 650 or 1000), 1,6-hexanediol(HD), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA), and dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. UV-Curable polyurethane acrylates were formulated from the urethane-acrylate prepolymers, three types of reactive diluents(DTs) having mono-, di-, and trifunctional-phenoxyethyl acrylate(PEA), hexanediol diacrylate(HDDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate(TMPTA), and 1-hydtoxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone(Irgacure 184) as a photoinitiator. The UV-cured films of polyurethane acrylates were obtained by curing using a medium-pressure mercury lamp(U W/cm, $\lambda_{max}=365\;nm)$. In this work, the effects of molecular weights of polyol and diol with low molecular weight into polymer chain on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates were studied. The structure and properties of the films obtained from the UV photopolymerization of urethane-acrylate prepolymer were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical measurement, tensile testing, and X-ray diffractometry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.1039-1057
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• 2022

The fashion system has been criticized for relying on a linear economy to reduce short-term costs and increase profits. Meanwhile, the circular economy strives to expand the value chain through a closed loop for companies, society, and the environment by separating consumption from resources. This study aims to elucidate the strategic characteristics of the technological measures that fashion companies and brands are trying to innovate into a sustainable fashion system on the basis of the circular economy concept. Thus, we conducted case studies by dividing the value chain of the fashion system into design, production, and consumption to identify the technological development of the circular fashion system from a technologization perspective that incorporates technological values. First, design appeared to strengthen emotional durability, design and process with circulation in mind, and fashion product digitalization. Second, production manifested itself as material development for the new fiber economy, improvement of non-environmental processes, and customization of demand-driven, responsive production. Third, consumption was the spread of the environmental consumption culture through the sharing economy platform, the realization of a virtual wearing experience to prevent rapid disposal, and the provision of information on sustainable consumption.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2011

Clinical arthritis is typically divided into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Arthritis-induced muscle weakness is a major problem in aged people, leading to a disturbance of balance during the gait cycle and frequent falls. The purposes of the present study were to confirm fiber type-dependent expression of muscle atrophy markers induced by arthritis and to identify the relationship between clinical signs and expression of muscle atrophy markers. Mice were divided into four experimental groups as follows: (1) negative control (normal), (2) positive control (CFA+acetic acid), (3) RA group (CFA+acetic acid+type II collagen), and (4) aging-induced OA group. DBQA/1J mice (8 weeks of age) were injected with collagen (50 ${\mu}g/kg$), and physiological (body weight) and pathological (arthritis score and paw thickness) parameters were measured once per week. The gastrocnemius muscle from animals in each group was removed, and the expression of muscle atrophy markers (MAFbx and MuRF1) and myosin heavy chain isoforms were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. No significant change in body weight occurred between control groups and collagen-induced RA mice at week 10. However, bovine type II collagen induced a dramatic increase in clinical score or paw thickness at week 10 (p<0.01). Concomitantly, the expression of the muscle atrophy marker MAFbx was upregulated in the RA and OA groups (p<0.01). A dramatic reduction in myosin heavy chain (MHC)-$I{\beta}$ was seen in the gastrocnemius muscles from RA and OA mice, while only a slight decrease in MHC-IIb was seen. These results suggest that muscle atrophy gene expression occurred in a fiber type-specific manner in both RA- and OA-induced mice. The present study suggests evidence regarding why different therapeutic interventions are required between RA and OA.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 1991

X-ray methods have been used to determine the chain conformation and packing of the thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester prepared from 50% tarephthaloyl chloride(TPA) and 50% (1-phenylethyl) hydroquinone(PEHQ). The x-ray patterns of annealed melt-spun fibers contain a series of annealed melt-Pointing to a well ordered crystalline structure, despite the random sense(2 or 3-) of the 1-phenylethyl substiuttion on the TPA-hydroquinone backbone. The crystalline fiber is monoclinic with space group P2l and the unit cell has dimensions 11=12.77 A, b=10.17 A (upique axis), c=12.58 h (fiber axis). and β=90.1° and contains TPA-PEHO units of to or chains. The random substitution of 1-phenylethyl groups was modelled by placing these groups at both the 2and 3 positions and giving each a weight of one-hal(. T he structure has been refined by linked a rom least square methods(LALS) against 16 observed and 21 unobserved reflections. and had a final R value of 0.20. Packing of the side chains is effected by staggering adjacent chains along the b axis by approximately c/2, so that the side chains are interleaved. The phenyl-COO and COO-phenyl torsion angles are -6.1 and 65.6, respectively, such that the main chain phenyls are mutually inclined at 59.5 (the ester groups are assumed to be planar). These torsion angles compare very well with those for the model compounds, notably phenylbenzoate, and can be used in future analyses of the structures of more complex random sequence copolyesters.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.419-429
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• 1998

This study was carried out in order to study early histologic changes and repair reaction appling to extrusive force for 3rd premolar of adult dogs. After 1 week of extrusive force with elastic chain, one of dogs was sacrified and after 3 weeks retention period, another dog was sacrified. The paraffin sections of samples were stained with Hematoxylin - Eosin and Masson's Trichrome and were examed by light microscopy . The obtained results as follows 1. In Hematoxylin - Eosin and Masson Trichrome stain of control group , the periodontal ligament width was constant from apical third to cervical third of the root and periodontal fiber arrangement was horizontal or oblique in cervical third. oblique in middle third, oblique in apical third of root. in alveolar bone, smooth appearance was shown 2. In Group 1, all periodontal fiber arrangement was oblique toward tooth, and the periodontal ligament width increased Partially PDL was ruptured in apex. In MT stain, immature bone formation was seen at alveolar crest area. Active bone formation was observed along the one side of alveolus, and apical portion of pulp was involved with blood vessel rupture , vacuolization of pulp tissue and hyperemia 3. In Group 2, most periodontal ligament arrangement and PDL width was repaired and fiber density increased. In MT stain, mineralization of immature bone on the alveolar crest was progressed. In pulp, vacuole and hyperemia was diminished and fibrotic change was diminished 4. After 3 week periodontal ligament has more repair ability than pulp tissue. pulp was involved with vacuolization and fibrosis, so it takes more time for repair.