• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1400-1404
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• 2001

$Holstein\;{\times}\;indigenous$ multiparous dairy cows were offered diets with increasing roughage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents to determine the effects on intake, milk yield and compositions. Roughage NDF contents were 15, 18, 21 and 24% dry matter (DM), and concentrate NDF content was 10% DM. Experimental treatments were isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. Maximum and minimum temperature humidity index during the experimental period were 85.9 and 76, respectively. Intakes of DM, crude protein and net energy, 4% fat corrected milk, milk protein and average daily gain decreased with increasing roughage NDF contents (p<0.05). Intakes of ether extract (p<0.01) and dietary NDF (p>0.05) and milk fat (p<0.01) increased with increasing roughage NDF contents. The results support the conclusion that higher DM intake, optimal milk yield and compositions can be maintained with lower roughage NDF diets for dairy cows under tropical conditions.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 1992

The total dietary fiber (TDF) contents in cultivated dodok, wild dodok and ginseng were determined by AOAC method and Mongeau et al's method. Also, the nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) contents of them were analyzed by Englyst et al's gas chromatographic (GC) method. The TDF values by AOAC method and Mongeau et al's method were 34.50% and 35.92% for wild dodok, 46.40% and 47.55% for cultivated dodok, and 14.93% and 14.03% for ginseng, respectively. The ratios of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents to TDF contents by Mongesu et al's method were 64.17% for wild dodok, 75.77% for cultivated dodok, and 53.74% for ginseng, respectively. The major sugar constituents of NSF in wild dodok, cultivated dodok and ginseng by GC were glucose, galactose and uronic acid. The Enalyst's TDF contents, i.e., NSP plus lignin contents in wild dodok, cultivated dodok, and ginseng were 20.65%, 20.03% , and 9.72%, respectively.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.351-355
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of protein and dietary fiber levels on the activities of ehanol metabilizing enzymes of the brain in acute and chronic ethanol-treated rats. Male Sprague-Dwley rats were fed on diets containing two levels of protein(7%, 20%)) with two levels of fiber(5%, 105) for 5 weeks. Rats were orally administered 40% (v/v) ethanol(5g/body weight) 90 min before decapitation in the acute ethanol-treated groups and 25% (v/v) ethanol (5g/kg body weight) once a day for 5 weeks in the chronic ethnol-treated groups. Cytosilic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activities were higher than those of mitochondrial ADH. The ADH activities were increased by 20% protein and %% fiber levels in the diet in two fractions , but were decreased by chronic ethanol treatment. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities did not change by ethanol treatment but were increased by the 20% protein level. However, cytosilic ALDH activities were decreased by chronic ethanol treatment at the 5% fiber level and did not change with protein levels. Both ALDH activities were higher in the 10% fiber groups than the 5% fiber groups. Cytochrome P-450 contents were significantly increased in the chronic ethanol-treated groups but xanthine oxidase (XO) activities did not change. P-450 contents and XO activities were significantly decreased in both the low protein and fiber groups.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1985

Wasting fiberous residues from the cutting processes of steel materials at an iron-Works were mixed with concrete. The strength and toughness of steel fiber concrete with different steel contents were tested in a laboratory. The test results showed that the steel fiber residues can be used for the reinforcement of concrete. The potential applications of such product include floor constructions for facilities like dairy barns, grain storages, and machinery shops. The test results are as follows. 1. The compressive strengths of steel fiber concrete with one percent steel content by volume were 20 percent greater than that of plain concrete. The treatments also increased the concrete toughness by 96 percent. 2. When applied to tensile forces, the steel fiber concrete showed the increased strengths by 20 percent, and the toughness by 48 percent. 3. The steel content levels greater than or equal to 1.5 percent by volume resulted in the decreases of the compressive and tensile strengths of steel fiber concrete by 10 percent as compared to plain concrete. The concrete toughness increased with the steel contents. 4. The reinforcement effects of steel fiber depend on the quality of fiber material being used. Good steel fiber for concrete reinforcement appears to be uniform in shape and component, fine and long, and round-shaped.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2011

This study aimed to investigate the engineering characteristics of PVA fiber-cement-soil mixture used to prevent or reduce brittle failure of cement-soil mixtures due to the tensile strength increase from the addition of a synthetic fiber. The engineering characteristics of PVA fiber-cement-soil mixtures composed of PVA fiber, soil, and a small amount of cement was analysed on the basis of the compaction test, the unconfined compression test, the tensile strength test, the freezing and thawing test, and the wetting and drying test. The specimens were manufactured with soil, cement and PVA fiber. The cement contents was 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%, and the fiber contents was 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0% by the weight of total dry soil. To investigate the strength characteristics depending on age, each specimen was manufactured after curing at constant temperature and humidity room for 3, 7 and 28 days, after which the engineering characteristics of PVA fiber-cement-soil mixtures were investigated using the unconfined compression test, the tensile strength test, the freezing and thawing test, and the wetting and drying test. The basic data were presented for the application of PVA fiber-cement-soil mixtures as construction materials.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1998

Refining is one of the most important processes of fiber treatment that provides optical and physical properties of final paper products. The evaluation method of refining progress is usually freeness (CSF) or wetness (SR) test because of its rapidity and convenience. However, there are some deficiencies in using freeness or wetness test to evaluate pulp fibers accurately because its results are more influenced by fines contents than extent of fibers treatment. The objective of this study is to show the deficiency of wetness in evaluating the refining process. For this, beating is done by varying the beating load. Handsheets are made after beating until 25 and $32^{\circ}C$ SR, and then paper properties are measured. Refined fibers are analyzed by fiber length, fines contents, curl, kink, WRV, and zero-span tensile strength. The results show that longer beating time is required to reach the same wetness at lower beating load. There are differences in the average fiber length, distribution curve of fiber length, fines contents, curl, kink, WRV of long fiber fraction, drainage time, and zero-span tensile strength of rewetted sample at different beating load. At the low beating load in the same wetness, apparent density, breaking length, burst strength, and tear strength are higher, while opacity and air permeability are lower than those of the high beating load. Using Page s equation, which shows the relationship among tensile strength, intrinsic fiber strength, and interfiber bonding strength, interfiber bonding strength is calculated and analyzed to explain final paper properties. At $25^{\circ}C$ SR, interfiber bonding strength is only slightly higher at 2.5kgf beating load, while the intrinsic fiber strength is substantially higher. At $32^{\circ}C$ SR, intrinsic fiber strength is a little bit higher at 2.5kgf beating load, and interfiber bonding strength is remarkably higher than those of 5.6kgf beating load. These results can be used to explain the different properties of the final paper at selected beating loads.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.125-133
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• 1998

본연구에서는 강섬유와 실리카흄의 혼입이 숏크리트의 리바운드율에 미치는 영향을알아보기 위하여 현장실험을 수행하였다. 실험은 보강방법(강섬유와 와이어메쉬), 강섬유 혼입율(0.0%, 0.5%. 0.75%, 1.0%), 실리카 흄 혼입율(0.0%, 10.0%), 타설부위(side wall, shoulder, crown)등의 4가지 변수를 중심으로 수행되었다. 실험결과, 타설부위가 side wall인 경우 , 강섬유보강숏크리트는 강섬유의 혼입률이 증가할수록 와이어메쉬보강숏크리트에 비해 20%~35%의 리바운드율의 감소효과를 나타내었다. 또한 이러한 리바운드율의 감소효과는 10%의 실리카흄을 혼입한 경우에는 더욱더 큰 폭으로 감소되는 경향을 보였으며, 타설부위가 shlulder와 crown인 경우에도 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 한편 본 연구에서는 강섬유보강숏크리트에대한 기존의 2단계 리바운드 현상을 기초로, 골재와 강섬유간의 미시적인 상호작용에 따른 4단계의 리바운드 발생 현상을 추정하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1991

6종류의 식용 버섯에 함유되어 있는 dietary fiber를 Southgate방법, NDF방법, FRI방법으로 측정한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 식용 버섯 중에 함유되어 있는 dietary fiber를 Southgate방법, NDF방법, FRI방법으로 측정한 결과는 각각 $20.08\pm1.45g$/100g dry weight, $20.24\pm1.85g$/100g dry weight, $27.5\pm2.7g$/100g dry weight이었고, 세가지 실험 방법간의 측정치 차이를 보면, 대체로 Southgate방법과 NDF방법과는 유의적인 차이가 없었던 반면, FRI방법과는 유의적인 차이가 크게 나타났다. 버섯중의 dietary fiber성분 비율은 Southgate방법에 의 한 water-soluble fiber성분이 1.7~3.1%, hemicellulose가 47.0~66.6%, cellulose가 28.4~57 7%, lignin 0.9~3.3%였고, NDF방법에 의해 측정한 hemicellulose는 61.8-79.1%, cellulose는 5.4~32.7%, lignin은 4.5~15.5% 였다. 일반적으로 버섯류의 dietary fiber성분은 hemicellulose가 가장 많았고 그 다음으로 cellulose가 많이 함유되어 있었다. Dietary fiber와 crude fiber의 함량비 (DF/CF)는 2~4배 정도로 dietary fiber가 높았다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1128-1138
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop the relationship model among subjective texture and preference of weft knit according to fiber contents of wool/rayon and loop length by integrating previous research work. SPSS and SEM method using AMOS program were used to analyze data which used to correlation matrix to be standardized. The texture of weft knit were classified into 4 categories: irregularity, flexibility, bulkiness, extensibility. The fiber contents of wool/rayon had effect positively on irregularity, bulkiness and extensibility and that had little effect on preference. The loop length had effect positively on irregularity, flexibility and extensibility and that had effect negatively on preference. This measurement model will be input for testing causal research model that can explain how fiber contents of wool/rayon and loop length of weft knit influence on subjective texture.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

Recently, it has been studied for the application of nano-materials in the concrete. Applied a small amount of nano-materials can achieve the goal of high strength, high performance and high durability. The small addition of nano clay improves strength, thermal stability, and durability of concrete because of the excellent dispersion. The present study has investigated the effectiveness, when varying with the contents of nano clay, influencing the pull-out behavior of macro synthetic fibers in nano materials cement mortar. Pullout tests conducted in accordance with the Japan Concrete Institute (JCI) SF-8 standard for fiber-reinforced concrete test methods were used to evaluate the pullout performance of the different nano clay. Nano clay was added to the 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 % of cement weight. The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of nano clay led to improve the pull-out properties as of the load-displacement curve in the precracked and debonded zone. Also, the compressive strength, flexural strength and pullout performance and of Mix No. 1 and No. 2 increased up to the point when nano clay used increased by 2 and 3 % contents, respectively, but decreased when the exceeded 3 and 4 %, respectively. It was proved by verifying increase of the scratching phenomenon in macro synthetic fiber surface through the microstructure analysis on the surface of macro synthetic fiber.