• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2021

Purpose: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placements are commonly performed pediatric endoscopic procedures. Because of underlying disease, these patients are at increased risk for airway-related complications. This study compares patient characteristics and complications following initial PEG insertion with general endotracheal anesthesia (GETA) vs. anesthesia-directed deep sedation with a natural airway (ADDS). Methods: All patients 6 months to 18 years undergoing initial PEG insertion within the endoscopy suite were considered for inclusion in this retrospective cohort study. Selection of GETA vs. ADDS was made by the anesthesia attending after discussion with the gastroenterologist. Results: This study included 168 patients (GETA n=38, ADDS n=130). Cohorts had similar characteristics with respect to sex, race, and weight. Compared to ADDS, GETA patients were younger (1.5 years vs. 2.9 years, p=0.04), had higher rates of severe American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) disease severity scores (ASA 4-5) (21% vs. 3%, p<0.001), and higher rates of cardiac comorbidities (39.5% vs. 18.5%, p=0.02). Significant associations were not observed between GETA/ADDS status and airway support, 30-day readmission, fever, or pain medication in unadjusted or adjusted models. GETA patients had significantly increased length of stay (eβ=1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.11-2.18) after adjusting for ASA class, room time, anesthesia time, fever, and cardiac diagnosis. GETA patients also had increased room time (eβ=1.20, 95% CI=1.08-1.33) and anesthesia time (eβ=1.50, 95% CI=1.30-1.74) in adjusted models. Conclusion: Study results indicate that younger and higher risk patients are more likely to undergo GETA. Children selected for GETA experienced longer room times, anesthesia times, and hospital length of stay.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2022

Feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis (hemoplasmosis) is an infection of the red blood cells caused by the Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm), and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt). The existence of Mhf, CMhm, and CMt has been demonstrated in feral cats in Korea using molecular methods, but no clinical cases have yet been reported. This study reports 2 clinical cases of hemotropic mycoplasmosis caused by CMhm and CMt in 2 anemic cats. The first case was a client-owned intact female domestic shorthair cat that presented with fever, pale mucous membranes, and normocytic normochromic non-regenerative anemia. Prior to referral, an immunosuppressive prednisolone dose was administered at the local veterinary clinic for 1 month. The cat was diagnosed with high-grade alimentary lymphoma. Organisms were found on the surface of the red blood cells on blood smear examination. The second case was of a rescued cat that presented with dehydration and fever. The cat had normocytic normochromic non-regenerative anemia. Necropsy revealed concurrent feline infectious peritonitis. Polymerase chain reaction assay targeting 16S rRNA revealed CMhm infection in case 1 and dual infection of CMhm and CMt in case 2. Normocytic normochromic non-regenerative anemia was observed in both cats before and during the management of the systemic inflammation. This is the first clinical case report in Korea to demonstrate CMhm and CMt infections in symptomatic cats.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.14.1-14.10
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• 2020

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease of domestic pigs and wild boars (WBs). Without a vaccine, early antibody and antigen detection and rapid diagnosis are crucial for the effective prevention of the disease and the employment of control measures. In Sardinia, where 3 different suid populations coexisted closely for a long time, the disease persists since 1978. The recent ASF eradication plan involves more stringent measures to combat free-ranging pigs and any kind of illegality in the pig industry. However, critical issues such as the low level of hunter cooperation with veterinary services and the time required for ASF detection in the WBs killed during the hunting season still remain. Considering the need to deliver true ASF negative carcasses as early as possible, this study focuses on the evaluation and validation of a duplex pen-side test that simultaneously detects antibodies and antigens specific to ASF virus, to improve molecular diagnosis under field conditions. The main goal was to establish the specificity of the two pen-side tests performed simultaneously and to determine their ability to detect the true ASF negative carcasses among the hunted WBs. Blood and organ samples of the WBs hunted during the 2018/2019 hunting seasons were obtained. A total of 160 animals were tested using the pen-side kit test; samples were collected for virological and serological analyses. A specificity of 98% was observed considering the official laboratory tests as gold standards. The new diagnostic techniques could facilitate faster and cost-effective control of the disease.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2023

Severe chronic neutropenia is classified as severe congenital, cyclic, autoimmune, or idiopathic. However, there is a lot of uncertainty regarding the diagnosis of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and chronic idiopathic neutropenia, and this uncertainty affects further evaluations and treatments. A 20-year-old man presented with fever and knee abrasions after a bicycle accident. On admission, his initial absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was 30/µL. He had no medical history of persistent severe neutropenia with periodic oscillation of ANC. Although his fever resolved after appropriate antibiotic therapy, ANC remained at 80/µL. Bone marrow (BM) aspiration and biopsy were performed, and a BM smear showed myeloid maturation arrest. Moreover, genetic mutation test results showed a heterozygous missense variant in exon 4 of the neutrophil elastase ELANE: c597+1G>C (pV190-F199del). The patient was diagnosed with SCN. After discharge, we routinely checked his ANC level and monitored any signs of infection with minimum use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), considering its potential risk of leukemic transformation. Considering that SCN can be fatal, timely diagnosis and appropriate management with G-CSF are essential. We report the case of a patient with SCN caused by ELANE mutation who had atypical clinical manifestations. For a more accurate diagnosis and treatment of severe chronic neutropenia, further studies are needed to elucidate the various clinical features of ELANE.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.431-439
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• 2023

Objectives: Numerous studies have explored the causes and spread of outbreaks, yet there is a lack of research on post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition (PCC) in Korea. The goal of this study was to identify the various types of PCC and associated factors in discharged patients and to provide directions for the ongoing health management of confirmed patients. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted among 680 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients diagnosed between July 7, 2021 and August 26, 2021, in Dangjin, Chungnam, Korea. A descriptive analysis of characteristics, univariate analysis, and regression were performed using data from basic epidemiological surveys conducted at the time of diagnosis and post-discharge questionnaires. Results: Of the 585 patients who responded, 159 (27.2%) developed PCC. Of the 211 patients with no initial symptoms, 27 (12.8%) developed PCC, versus 132 (35.3%) of the 374 patients with initial symptoms. Among the initial symptoms, fever or chills, cough or sputum, loss of smell, and sore throat were associated with PCC. Compared to patients with less than 10 days of hospitalization, those with a hospitalization period of 21 days to 30 days (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0 to 5.2) and 31 days or more (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.9 to 18.1) had a higher risk of PCC. Conclusions: More than a quarter of COVID-19 patients, including those who had no initial symptoms, experienced PCC in Korea. People with the initial symptoms of fever, chills, and respiratory symptoms and those who had prolonged hospital stays had a high risk of PCC.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2024

소아 다기관 염증 증후군(multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, MIS-C)은 코로나바이러스감염증-19 (코로나 19; coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)의 드문 합병증으로 심장, 폐, 신장, 소화관 및 신경계를 포함한 다기관 손상을 일으킨다. 코로나19 팬데믹 이후 MIS-C 사례가 증가함에 따라 MIS-C에 대한 적절한 치료의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. anakinra, infliximab, 스테로이드와 같은 면역 조절제는 MIS-C에 대한 intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)의 1차 치료에 대한 추가 요법으로 고려되지만 cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr 바이러스 및 결핵과 같은 2차 감염을 유발할 소지가 있다. 저자들 MIS-C로 IVIG, steroid 및 infliximab을 투여한 환자에서 동반된 CMV 감염으로 인하여 약 한달간 지속되는 발열이 발생한 3세 남아의 증례 1례를 처음으로 보고하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.998-1003
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• 2005

목 적 : 소아에서 급성 신우신염 후에 신반흔이 형성될 수 있고, 형성된 신반흔은 고혈압, 신부전을 야기 시킬 수 있다. 이러한 신반흔을 일으킬 수 있는 요인으로 대표적인 것이 방광 요관 역류의 존재였다. 그러나 계속적으로 신반흔과 방광 요관 역류가 상관이 없다는 연구 결과가 있어 이에 대한 다른 관찰이 필요하였다. 본 연구는 요로 감염 후 일측성 방광 요관 역류를 보이는 환아를 모아서 신반흔의 발생에 대하여 살펴보았다. 방 법 : 1996년 1월에서 2004년 12월까지 부산 왈레스기념 침례병원 소아과에 요로 감염으로 입원한 환아 중 VCUG를 시행하여 일측성 방광 요관 역류를 보인 35명의 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 입원초기에 ESR, CRP, 신장초음파 검사를 시행하였고 요로 배양검사 음성 후 VCUG 검사를 하였다. 4-6개월 후 DMSA 스캔을 시행하였고 신반흔 발생 유무와 나이, 성별, 발열 기간, ESR, CRP, 방광 요관 역류의 유무, 방광 요관 역류 정도에 대하여 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) 방광 요관 역류를 보이는 35신단위에서 신반흔 발생률은 29%로 방광 요관 역류가 없는 35신단위의 3%에 비해 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 2) 방광 요관 역류가 있으면서 신반흔을 보인 10신단위의 역류 등급은 3등급 이상으로 역류 정도가 심할수록 신반흔 발생이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 3) 나이에 따른 신반흔 발생은 1세 이하와 1세 이상으로 나누었을 때 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 4) 치료 전 발열 기간이 길수록 신반흔 형성이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 5) 진단시의 CRP, ESR 염증수치는 신반흔 형성 신단위에서 $12.8{\pm}7.3mg/dL$, $56.3{\pm}23.8mm/hr$이고 신반흔 무형성군에서 $3.9{\pm}3.8mg/dL$, $27.9{\pm}18.1mm/hr$으로 신반흔 형성군에서 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 신반흔의 형성에는 방광 요관 역류와 강한 연관성이 있었고 이외에 방광 요관 역류 정도, 발열 기간, CRP, ESR 등과 유의한 관련성을 가졌고 나이와는 무관하였다. 요로 감염 뒤의 신반흔 형성에 방광 요관 역류가 큰 영향을 미치므로 요로 감염을 앓은 환아에서 VCUG 검사를 통하여 방광 요관 역류의 유무를 알아내어 적절하게 치료함으로써 신반흔을 예방하여 고혈압, 신부전과 같은 합병증의 발생을 막는 것이 중요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2007

Hominis placenta have been studied as herbal acupuncture because of it's limitation of use. The properties of Hominis placenta are warm and supplement of Jeong-Hyeol, Jin-Ki and I thought that Hominis placenta have various effectiveness. So I considered Hominis placenta in Dong-Eui-Bo-Gam which is famous comprehensive korean traditional medical book. Hominis placenta was mentioned parts of Sin, Chung, Hwa, Heo-Ro, Bu-In and most of them are mentioned in Heo-Ro part. As a source book, Eui-Hak-Ib-Mun was used the most. Prescription used in various parts as mental disease, forgetfulness, tuberculosis, fever, various malnutrition disease, sterility, but it's basic principle action is all supplement of Heo-Ro. In management of Hominis placenta, most useing method is heating with steam and most of additional medicinal stuffs had action of supplying Eum, Yang, Ki, Hyeol in composition of prescription.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1113-1117
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• 2012

Shigella sonnei is a causal agent of fever, nausea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrheal disease. The present study describes a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for the specific detection of S. sonnei using a primer pair based on the methylase gene for the amplification of a 325 bp DNA fragment. The qPCR primer set for the accurate diagnosis of Shigella sonnei was developed from publically available genome sequences. This quantitative PCR-based method will potentially simplify and facilitate the diagnosis of this pathogen and guide disease management.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 2010

Occult bronchial foreign body is that long-standing foreign body lodge in bronchial tree. Occult bronchial foreign bodies arc rare in adults, whereas tracheobronchial aspiration of foreign bodies occurs commonly in children. A 65-year-old man with chronic cough, sputum production, and fever was transferred for treatment of right middle and lower lobc collapse and obstructive pneumonitis as evidenced by imaging studies. The patient was treated with right middle-lower bilobectomy because fiberoptic bronchoscopic removal of the foreign body failed. We report this case with review of literatures.