• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2018

Partial hydatidiform mole and coexisting fetus is a rare entity with antecedent high risk of maternal and fetal complications, and risk of persistent trophoblastic disease in later life. Here, we report a case of twin pregnancy with live fetus identified as 45,X and normal placenta and another partial mole. Ultrasound scan at 10 weeks showed a hydrops fetus with a focal area of multicystic placenta. The patient underwent chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis for chromosomal analysis, and the result was 45,X. Based on these finding, the patient then underwent induced abortion. Pathological examination (immunohistochemical staining) of the placenta confirmed the partial mole. This report suggests that careful prenatal ultrasonography and appropriate karyotyping in a molar pregnancy and coexisting fetus enable early diagnosis and may be beneficial for prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.791-800
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• 2020

Ultrasonography is widely used to evaluate the function of fetal heart, but due to the subjective nature of the test, there are differences in measurement methods for each examiner, and especially the myocardial performance index has no reference index to date. Therefore, in this study, we wanted to analyze pulse Doppler waveforms of normal fetuses and develop an automatic measurement program to make objective measurements. One hundred and thirty-three pregnant women who visited the hospital for prenatal examinations were studied, myocardial performance index was measured after acquiring a pulse doppler image of the left ventricle. As a result, the early, mid and late pregnancy myocardial performance index, measured by the automatic measurement program conducted in this study, was found to increase as pregnancy continued.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.116-118
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• 2019

A 2-year-old female Persian cat weighing 2.95 kg was admitted for dystocia. The levels of white blood cells and thrombocytes were decreased in blood analysis. In radiography and ultrasonography, there were four fetuses with no remarkable signs of blood flow and heartbeat. In particular, one of them showed symptom of Spalding's sign, which is a rare symptom that indicated overriding of the fetal cranial bones and shrinkage of the head with a decreased volume. It was reported that Spalding's sign is one of the strong indication of fetal death in human uterus and it occurs rarely with normal fetus without apparent reason prior to labor in human. This is the first report to provide the Spalding's sign in domestic cats and this will be applied in a strong presumptive evidence that fetal death has occurred with brain disruption sequence while pregnancy in domestic animals.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

Serial ultrasonographic examinations were performed to establish a prediction table of parturition date in pregnant Maltese, Yorkshire Terrier, Shih-tzu and Miniature Schnauzer bitches. The inner chorionic cavity diameter and fetal head diameter in 45 pregnant bitches were converted retrospectively based on the day of parturition. The data of inner chorionic cavity diameter obtained from Day-44 to Day-25 and fetal head diameter obtained from Day-25 to Day-1 were used to compile a equations of prediction of parturition date. The 70 pregnant bitches with unknown mating time were examined to assess an accuracy of the equations established in this study. And these results were applied to the prediction of parturition date and compared to actual parturition date. The accuracy for parturition date within 0, $\pm$1, and $\pm$2 days interval using the equations of prediction of parturition date were 64.3%, 22.8% and 12.8%, respectively. The overall accuracy of prediction table of parturition day based on the ICCD and HD was 100% accurate within $\pm$2 days. Therefore, the prediction table seems to be a useful tool of the prediction of parturition day in practice.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2011

The frequency of fetal malformations accounts for around 3-5% and evaluation of the health of the fetus and screening for fetal malformations has become an important part of prenatal care. Improvements in prenatal diagnosis have allowed identification of malformation in fetuses during first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasonography has become routine part of antenatal examination. For development of imaging, the accuracy of diagnosis is getting higher and earlier diagnosis of congenital malformation, such as cleft lip and palate, can provide to parent counseling, and opportunity to prepare the further treatment. For the better understanding of congenital cleft lip diagnosis to the oral and maxillofacial surgeons, as healthcare providers, we reviewed around 19 english-written articles and summarized some knowledges of ultrasound findings in the prenatal cleft lip fetus.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.318-325
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• 2021

Purpose: Although insulin is usually injected into the abdominal subcutaneous fat, in pregnancy women tend to avoid abdominal injections due to concern about fetal damage. Prior studies have been limited to only measuring skin-subcutaneous fat thickness (S-ScFT) at one site at specific pregnancy points. This study aimed to measure S-ScFT across several abdominal sites and over the gestational period in Korean pregnant women. This can identify which site would be relatively safe for subcutaneous injection during pregnancy. Methods: Healthy women over 24 weeks of pregnancy in Korea were invited to voluntarily participate in this descriptive study. For the 142 women, S-ScFT of 12 sites in the abdomen were measured by ultrasound, several times over the pregnancy. Each incidence was treated as a case and a total of 262 cases were analyzed. Results: The mean S-ScFT during pregnancy was 1.14±0.47 cm (1.25±0.54 cm at 24⁺⁰-27⁺⁶ weeks; 1.17±0.48 cm at 28⁺⁰-31⁺⁶ weeks; 1.09+0.40 cm at 32⁺⁰-35⁺⁶ weeks; and 1.06±0.47 cm at 36⁺⁰-40 weeks of pregnancy). Most S-ScFT were thicker than 10 mm. But S-ScFTs in the lateral abdomen and some sites were suboptimal (<6 mm), especially in the pre-pregnancy underweight body mass index group, who had a high rate of suboptimal thickness (27.1% overall and 33.9% in the lateral side). Conclusion: The whole abdomen seems to be appropriate for subcutaneous injection in most Korean women during pregnancy, with a 4 to 5-mm short needle. However, for the lateral abdomen, making the skin fold might be needed for fetal safety.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1279-1282
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• 2003

Neuroblastoma is the most common intraabdominal malignant tumor of childhood, with 40% arising from the adrenal gland. Bilateral adrenal involvement from synchronous development or metastatic spread of tumor is rarely seen in children with neuroblastoma. The patient was born with a spontaneous vaginal delivery. Birth weight was 3,200 g. Fetal ultrasonography showed a left adrenal cystic mass. At two weeks of age, she was admitted due to a massive abdominal distension and tachypnea. Percutaneous ultrasonography guided biopsy of the left adrenal mass was performed. The result of the biopsy was neuroblastoma. Vincristine and cyclophosphamide were administerd intravenously and 450 cGy of irradiation was added. Left adrenalectomy was accomplished and postoperative course was uneventful. The patient received cancer chemotherapy with a combination of carboplatin, ifosfamide and VP-16 and is now being followed up for three months. We have experienced a case of congenital bilateral neuroblastoma and report the case with brief review of related literatures.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1997

During a 6-year period, from January 1990 to December 1995, 101 neonates with congenital anomalies were admitted to the division of Pediatric Surgery of Youngdong Severance Hospital. All of them had prenatal screening more than once with ultrasound. Fifty eight of them had prenatally detectable anomalies by ultrasonography. However abnormalities were prenatally detected in 24 neonates(41%). The detection rate was 70% in patientws who had the prenatal screening at our hospital, whereas, the rate was 24% when it was performed at other medical facilities. Duodenal and jejuno-ileal atresia showed the highest detection rate(86%) followed by abdominal mass. Esophageal atresia was suggested by maternal polyhydramnios in 3 patients (25%). Only one patient with diaphragmatic hernia(1.75%) was prenatally detected and none with gastroschisis. The mean interval from birth to operation was 32 hours in the prenatally detected patients and 50 hours in the non detected. The complication rate and the mortality after emergency operation were 20% and 7% in the detected group, and 58% and 23% in the nondetected, respectively. The average period of the hospitalization was 20 days in the detected group and 39 days in the nondetected. We conclude that the prenatal detection of anomalies is necessary to ensure adequate care for the mothers and the babies with congenital anomalies. This includes early transfer, timing of optimal delivery and operation.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2012

Toxic hepatitis is a rare but devastating disease in children. Herbs are widely used in oriental medicine to treat various symptoms in Korea, however, several herbs have been reported to induce liver injury. We report a case of toxic hepatitis induced by Hovenia dulcis in a 3-year-old boy. He complained of nausea, abdominal discomfort, and jaundice. The patient had consumed water boiled with hovenia dulcis for about 1 year prior to presentation. A diagnosis of toxic hepatitis was made based on his history, laboratory data, viral markers, ultrasonography, and biopsied liver tissue. We administered supportive management for acute fulminant hepatitis but his symptoms and liver function progressed. He was transferred to another hospital for further evaluation and consideration for liver transplantation. Because acute liver failure due to herbs or dietary supplement taken for a long time is often fetal, it is important to make early diagnosis and stop taking the drug as soon as drug induced liver injury is suspected.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2019

A female English bulldog was gave birth two neonates by cesarean section on the sixty one days after mating, but both neonates were died soon after birth. The bodies of neonates were diagnosed using radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography and necropsy immediately after death. Both neonates had caudal regression syndrome, butterfly vertebra, hydrocephalus, umbilical hernia, cleft palate and bow-legged hind-limb. At necropsy, neonates had mild fetal anasarca, cleft lip and the skull was remained non-union. At thoracic cavity, only three ribs and thoracic spines were existed and patent ductus arteriosus was found. At abnormal cavity, the renal ectopia was found with abnormal morphology. In the present case, those English bulldog neonates with multiple congenital malformation syndromes seriously suffered vertebral column anomalies and that may induced by neural tube defects in during embryonic period. To prevent congenital malformation occurring in English bulldog, further in depth studies are needed for the breed specific genetic diversity and for the reason of behind genetic abnormality in these breed.