• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 1987

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a newly developed paste fertilizer on rice growth. It was applied to two vars. of Taeback and Cheonma byeos as a basal treatment. It needs a unique applicator attached to transplant machine for rice plant and was injected about 3cm depth of paddy soils. The polished rice yields were obtained competitively with a 20 percent reduction of N applied with top dressing. Plant development treated paste fertilizer was good compared to control at the early growing stage, however, not different at the late growing stage. Nitrogen uptake in plant was high at the early growing stage in paste fertilizer treatment but there were no significant difference at the late growing stage.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.165-181
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• 1976

Fertilizer(N,P,K) demand for crop production in 1980, 1990 and 2000 was estimated according to the two proposed models, one of which is fertilizer use efficiency model expressed in $Fn=(Y/E){\cdot}(1-Cs)Eu$, where Fn:fertilizer demand, Y:Crop production estimated, E:nutrient efficiency, Cs:fraction of natural resource nutrient in plant, Eu:fertilizer use efficiency and the other fertilization efficiency model expressed in Fn=Y(1-Cys)/Fe, where Cys:fraction of yield without fertilizer, Fe:fertilization efficiency. Total crop uptake of nutrient and its noncycling portion were estimated as criteria for fertilizer demand and nutrient maintenance. Total crop uptake of N,P,K was 600,000 M/T in 1965 700,000 M/T in 1974 and estimated to 880,000 M/T in 1980, 1,170,000 M/T in 1990 and 1,410,000 M/T in 2000. Fertilizer demand appeares to be about 90% of total crop uptake according to fertilizer use efficiency model and about 87% according to fertilization efficiency model. The noncycling nutrient was about 29% of total crop uptake. Fertilizer demand was almost same to the uptake amount in nitrogen, 1.5 times of uptake in phosphorus and half of uptake in potassium. Varietal development, improvement of soil fertility and cultivation method and development of fertilizer forms appears to decrease fertilizer demand by increasing efficiency term in two models while environmental stress such as low temperature appears to give reverse effect resulting in higher fertilizer demand. Fertilizer consumption in 1974 seemed to be unreasonably high especially in nitrogen and phosphorus and thus the effective use of fertilizer appeared as an urgent problem considering that large fields are still remained in lower fertility.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: Soil water content strongly depends on weather condition and irrigation, and it could influence on crop nutrient use efficiency. This study was performed to assess nutrient uptake of soybean by soil water condition. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, nutrient leaching and crop uptake as affacted by water management practice was investigated using weighing lysimeter which is located in National institute of agricultural science, Wanju, Jeonbuk province from June 2015 to October 2016. Water supply for soybean (cv. Daewon) was managed with irrigation and rainfall. Nitrate leaching was greatest in the rainfall treatment at early July 2016. Yield of soybean in the rainfall treatment was only 25% compared to the irrigation due to the drought at flowering and podding period. The uptake of nitrogen was considerably reduced by drought whereas the uptake of phosphorus and potassium was less affected by drought. CONCLUSION: It was proven that nitrogen loss and uptake were dependent on soil water condition. Therefore, irrigation water management to maintain available soil moisture capacity is critical to nitrogen uptake and yield of soybean.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.87-94
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• 2014

Objective of this study was to investigate characteristics of inorganic components contained in liquid fertilizer produced using bone powder and rice bran by adding dry yeast and molasses. Addition of dry yeast to liquid fertilizer resulted in little change in pH, considerable increase in EC, and it showed high EC value compared to the control which has no additives. Also, it was appeared that the dry yeast-added treatment had higher at $2,936mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of $NH_4$-N concentration than the control which had $1,782mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In the other hand, addition of molasses resulted in low pH and slightly low EC, as compared to the control. $NH_4$-N concentration in the no added molasses treatment was $2,936mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ higher than its molasses added treatment which had $2,378mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In conclusion, it was shown that addition of dry yeast to liquid fertilizer increased ammonium nitrogen concentration by accelerating nitrogen mineralization, while molasses has an effect of inhibiting nitrogen mineralization and enhancing the characteristics of fermentation. With application of organic liquid fertilizer containing bone powder and rice bran increased the fresh weight of Allium tuberosum.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Nitrogen leaching depends on the drainage pattern and nitrate content, and those are influenced by soil hydraulic properties and fertility. The purpose of this study was to confirm how soil texture contributed to leaching and balance of nitrogen, as well as to drainage. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was performed using undisturbed weighing lysimeters which were piled up with clay loam (Songjung series) and sandy loam (Sanju series) soils in National Institute of Agricultural Science experimental field. Chinese cabbage was cultivated from August 30 to October 31, 2017. The application rates of N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ were 21.5, 7.8, and $15.0kg\;10a^{-1}$, respectively, and irrigation was supplied at -33 kPa in 30 cm soil depth. Drainage in clay loam was not noticeable, although it was increased by rainfall in early September. By contrast, the trend of drainage in sandy loam was strongly dependent upon rainfall pattern. Owing to different drainage patterns between both soil textures, nitrogen leaching was 5-fold higher in sandy loam than in clay loam. Nitrogen use efficiencies in clay loam and sandy loam were represented as 43% and 52%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The pattern of drainage and nitrogen leaching were greatly depended on clay content in soil. From this study, we carefully suggest that soil texture should be considered as an incidental factor to estimate nitrogen balance.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.211-219
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• 2023

Nutrient balance is an environmental indicator for assessing the potential of sustainable agriculture. Improving the use of arable land is crucial for reducing the nutrient balance. This study monitored soil water content, seepage water, crop growth, and nutrient balance in weighing lysimeters during forage barley (Hordeum vulgare L., "Yeongyang") cultivation from October to April. The study was conducted from 2020 to 2022, and the treatments included forage barley cultivation (clay loam, CL-FC; sandy loam, SL-FC) and bare soils. During the regeneration period (March to April), the soil moisture contents of bare and forage barley-cultivated soils were approximately 30-40% and 18.1-21.8%, respectively. The daily evapotranspiration of forage barley was 6.09 mm. The nitrogen balances for SL-FC and CL-FC were -0.43 to -2.93 g m^-2 and -0.79 to 0.75 g m^-2, respectively, which can be attributed to the higher nutrient uptake of forage barley in SL-FC than in CL-FC. Consequently, the forage barley cultivation in SL-FC can potentially reduce nutrient leaching during the spring rainy season. Furthermore, nutrient balance can be reduced by cultivating forage crops during the winter season.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2004

To find out the optimum fertilizer level for high yielding variety, Paldanghomil, experiment was conducted with 15 compositions of fertilizer levels at the experiment field of forage rye in Sunchon National University from Sep. 1998 to Aug. 1999. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on plant growth were large significant but increasing rate of application in potassium and phosphate fertilizers above 10kg/10a had negligible effects on plant growth. Raising nitrogen application rate of fertilizers turned out to be 18-10-10kg/l0a of N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_2$O. Content of crude protein was the highest and that of crude fiber such as NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin were lowest at this rate. Furthermore, IVDMD was high and dry matter yield were the highest at the optimum rate.e.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.462-471
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• 2017

A more efficient use of nutrients from organic sources can benefit both farmers and water quality in agriculture. In this paper we reviewed information related to the regulations and guidelines of a swine liquid fertilizer to propose an establishment scheme for the official standards of swine manure slurry as a liquid fertilizer for organic farming. According to the law of establishment and designation of official standard of fertilizers, the liquid fertilizer made with pig liquid manure belongs to the byproduct fertilizer as of one of organic fertilizer. However, the official standards for byproduct fertilizers including the liquid fertilizer set by the Rural Development Administration (RDA), especially for a liquid swine manure fertilizer, should be revised to meet the goals of laws pursuing the environmentally sound agriculture, especially for organic farming because the terms and relevant standards need additional specific standards alike the standards such as impurities and parameter for declaration in EU. Therefore, it is suggested that official standards for byproduct fertilizers should be revised with respect to nutrient, salt content as of SAR and Na content instead of NaCl. Also we need to develop the maximum limit of heavy metals in soil to which the liquid fertilizer can be applied, as well as application rate depending on EC of the liquid fertilizer.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.133-147
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• 1976

1. The purpose of this study is to provide a series of statistical "bench marks" from which one can begin to think systematically about the required development of the Korean food and fertilizer needs over the next quarter-century. 2. The Korean population has been estimated by the characteristics of the population and its social and political situations today. Because fertility and mortality rates are relatively stable and are under control of politics concerned, the estimation rates were established with 1.6% over 1975-1980, 1.3% over 1981-1990, and 1.0% over 1991-2000. 3. Annual per capita absorption of milled rice has fluctuated rather closely around 140kg, since 1968, with no evidence of declining trend. Per capita absorption of barley and wheat around 120 kg, and legumes around 10.6kg, However because the case of wheat and corn productions are rather difficult the self-sufficiency in the future, the rice is considered to be accelerate its yield growth surplus the level of self-sufficiency to export. 4. The fertilizer demand in each element has been calculated by mechanical multiplication of "the recommend index of fetilizer application" to yield a unit production over the need of national food supply by crop year. 5. As a results refer to Table (8), the estimated quantities of total fertilizer demand to meet the national food supply of the years of 1974, 1980, 1985, 1.990, 1995, and 2000 are reached around 871500, 1138150, 1375480, 1515030, 1652090 and 1799850 metric tons in each year.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.91-99
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate characteristics of inorganic components contained in liquid fertilizer produced using fish meal under different condition. Addition of dry yeast to liquid fertilizer resulted in considerable change in pH and electrical conductivity(EC) value compared to other liquid fertilizers which have microorganisms additives. In addition, it was appeared that the dry yeast-added treatment had higher $NH_4-N$ concentration than other treatments. Addition of molasses resulted in low pH compared to the control which has no additives. The EC, concentration $NH_4-N$ and $P_2O_5$ were not significant difference according to addition of molasses. The pH and $NH_4-N$ concentration in liquid fertilizer containing 20% of fish meal was highest after fermentation process, and EC value increased as the content of fish meal increase. When Cucumber was cultivated using liquid fertilizer, there was no difference in growth between fish meal liquid fertilizer treatment and chemical fertilizers treatment. However, there was a difference in yield according to the supply amount of nitrogen during the growing season.