• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.402-408
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• 2005

Fenton 산화공정을 매립지 침출수에 적용하여 최적의 촉매를 선정하고 최적의 반응조건을 도출하기 위해 Lab scale로 상온에서 실험하였다 본 실험의 연구 결과, 다음의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1) TOC의 제거효율로 최적 pH를 살펴본 결과 $Fe^{2+}$는 pH 3.0, $Fe^{3+}$는 pH 4.5, $Fe^0$는 pH 4.0으로 각각 관찰되었다. 2) 각 촉매별 최적 주입량을 결정하고 반응특성을 살펴보기 위하여 TOC, $COD_{Cr}$, $UV_{254}$를 변수로 보았고, 2가철의 경우 $H_2O_2$ : $Fe^{2+}\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$ : 1,200\;mg/L로 결정되었다 또한 3가철의 경우 $H_2O_2$ : $Fe^{3+}\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$ : 1,200 mg/L, 0가철의 경우 $H_2O_2$ : $Fe^0\;=\;900\;mg/L$ : 1,200 mg/L로 각각 결정되었다. 3) 최적조건에서 3가철($Fe^{3+}$)이 TOC와 $COD_{Cr}$에서 가장 높은 제거효율을 나타냈지만 0가철($Fe^0$)과 큰 제거율 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이에 따라 경제적인 측면을 고려할 때 0가철($Fe^0$)이 동일한 철염주입량에서 가장 적은 과산화수소 주입량이 필요하므로 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 4) 실험에 적용된 최적 pH를 검증하기 위해 처리수를 pH 중화제(NaOH)로 적정했을 때 각 촉매별로 실험에 사용된 pH가 최적조건임을 확인할 수 있었다. 5) 촉매별로 시간에 따른 redox potential을 사용하여 모든 촉매에 대해 산화반응의 정도 및 반응이 일어나고 있는 계의 산화환원력을 간접적으로 측정할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 실제 Fenton 공정을 적용할 때 "on-line monitoring"의 기초 자료로써 산화환원전위를 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2004

The combination of biological and physical/chemical technologies is a promising technique to reduce highly concentrated pollutants in livestock wastewater. It is suggested to treat livestock wastewater efficiently as follows: firstly, biodegradable organic matters, nitrogen and some of phosphorus should be removed by a biological treatment process and then residual non-biodegradable organic matters, color and phosphorus be eliminated by physicochemical technologies. In this study, therefore, the integrations of chemical coagulation, activated carbon adsorption, Fenton oxidation and ozonation were evaluated to provide appropriate post-treatment processes for biologically pre-treated livestock wastewater. After chemical coagulation followed by ozonation or Fenton oxidation process, the quality of treated wastewater could meet the discharge limit in Korea. However, a yellowish brown color still remained in the treated wastewater after a single method such as coagulation and Fenton oxidation was applied. The ozonation was found to be the most effective technology for the decolorization. Neither simple biological nor physicochemical treatment provides adequate decolorization and sufficient depletion of organics in livestock wastewater so far. Consequently, the integration of Fenton oxidation and ozonation with a biological treatment process is recommended to treat livestock wastewater in terms of removal efficiency.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.23-25
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• 2002

This study was conducted to understand characteristics of wastewater which is discharged from small-scale dyehouse located in Seoul downtown area and to Find the appliable treatment method on the spot. The results of this study were summarized as followings. 1. The method which is used at present is mostly flocculation by coagulant or fenton oxidation. But the treatment efficiency of them are not good. 2. The results of fenton oxidation experiment demonstrated that treatment efficiency of COD was limited, which showed the need of the additional process or the improvement of existing treatment method, while the color was reduced considerably in optimal condition. 3. The optimal condition of fenton oxidation are as followings. -Feasible pH was in the 3∼4 regardless of the kinds of iron ions, But the fluctuation of treatment efficiency with the change of pH was small - The mass ratio of H$_2$O/CODcr was used to evaluate the parameter of H$_2$O$_2$ The optimal range of this was in 0.7∼1,3 and it was observed that the ratio got higher as the quality got worse. -For iron ion, FeCl$_2$4H$_2$O turned out to be more effective for removal of color compared with was compared FeSO$_4$7H$_2$Oin. the mass ratio of Fe/H$_2$O$_2$ of 2.3∼2.8 for of FeSO$_4$7H$_2$O and 1.6∼1.8 for FeCl$_2$4H$_2$O resulted in good treatment efficiencies. 4. With adsorption process applied before fenton oxidation in order to treat the high concentration wastewater, the treatment efficiency increased by 61％ in CODcr, 55％ in color. and if the power activated carbon is injected in more than 2500mg/$\ell$, the wastewater can be treated within the effluent quality criteria.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

에너지원 및 다양한 화학제품의 원료로 유류의 소비량이 증가함에 따라 유류의 유출사고가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 유류오염 지하수 처리를 위해 용존공기부상법이 사용되어지고 있으나 용해성 기름을 효과적으로 제거하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 지하수내 주오염원인 자유상 유류와 친수성(oil-in water) 또는 친유성 에멜젼(water-in oil) 상태의 기름과 용해성 기름을 효과적으로 저감하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 용존공기부상법에 펜톤 산화 공법을 사용하여 효과적인 유류 오염 지하수 처리를 연구하였다. 펜톤 실험 결과 TPH(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) 제거를 위한 최적 조건은 pH 3, $H_2O_2$ 주입농도 25mM과 $Fe^{2+}$ 주입농도 25mM으로 나타났다. DAF와 펜톤 산화 실험을 수행한 결과 7분내에 TPH(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon)와 COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) 농도가 각각 1.5mg/L와 40.0mg/L 이하로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 펜톤 산화 반응으로 인하여 슬러지 농도가 약 5배 가량 증가하여 후단에 침전조를 설치하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2000

The wastewater treatment for the purpose of water-recycling was performed using Fenton's & ozone's methods. These methods were used to increase the treatment efficiency of textile wastewater and to search for the optimal operating conditions. The optimal conditions by Fenton process were determined so that input amounts of $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $H_2O_2$ were $7.2mM/{\;}{\ell}$ and $49.0m/{\;}{\ell}$ respectively, treatment by ozone process had 92% removal efficiency at ozone concentration of 9.73g/min and $130mM/{\;}{\ell}$ of $H_2O_2$.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2013

Hydrogen peroxide takes much of the cost for Fenton reaction applied for treatment of organic contaminants. Therefore, the effective use of hydrogen peroxide makes the technology more cost effective. The effective use of hydrogen peroxide is especially needed in the soil and groundwater remediation where complete mixing is not possible and it takes a long time for reactive species to transport to the fixed target compounds. Stabilization ability for hydrogen peroxide of malonic acid was evaluated in Fenton and Fenton-like reactions in this study. Malonic acid contributes on the stabilization of hydrogen peroxide by weak interaction between iron and the stabilizer and inhibiting the catalytic role of iron. The stabilization effect increased as the solution pH decrease below the $pK_{a1}$. The stabilization effect increased as the concentration of malonic acid increased and the effect was maximized at the malonic acid concentration of about ten times higher than the iron concentration. The model organic contaminant was successfully oxidized in the presence of the stabilizer but the degradation rate was slower than the system without the stabilizer. The stabilization effect was also proved in a Fenton-like reaction where magnetite and hematite were used instead of soluble iron species.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2016

본 연구는 가황촉진제 제조공정에서 발생되는 MBT 폐수의 생물학적 처리가능성을 평가하였다. MBT 폐수는 미생물 활동을 저하시키기 때문에 생물학적으로 처리가 불가능하였지만, 7일의 순응기간을 거쳐 약 10%의 COD가 제거되었다. MBT 폐수의 화학적 전처리를 위한 최적조건은 pH 3.5, 2시간동안 교반 후 $Fe^{3+}$를 주입하여 펜톤산화를 한 경우였다. 또한, 펜톤처리 된 MBT 폐수를 제지폐수와 혼합하여 활성슬러지공정에서 처리했을 경우 MBT 폐수의 COD가 약 20% 제거되었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2010

In this study, the remediation of diesel contaminated soil was attempted with ozone treatment and Fenton reaction. About 10% of initial diesel concentration was removed by the ozone saturated solution. The pseudo-first order decomposition constant of diesel contaminated soil in the presence of 5% of hydrogen peroxide with 1.82, 2.82, 4.82, 6.82, and 11.82% of iron contents was 0.0228, 0.0308, 0.0482, 0.0471, and 0.0592 $min^{-1}$ respectively. The decomposition constant of the diesel was 0.0064 $min^{-1}$ with the addition of ozone saturated solution only. On the addition of ozone saturated solution in the presence of 5% hydrogen peroxide and 5% iron, the decomposition constant of the diesel was 0.0850 $min^{-1}$. These results indicated that the decomposition rate was 190% faster than without the addition of ozone saturated solution. Thus, the application of both ozone and the fenton reaction is promising for the remediation of the diesel contaminated soil.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2006

일반적으로 Fenton 반응 공정을 실제 오염토양에 적용하기에는 다소 무리가 있다. 그 이유로 대표적인 Fenton 반응공정인 고전적인 Fenton 반응은 낮은 pH에서 우수한 처리효율을 보이고 있기 때문이다. 또한, 철이온의 투입을 대신하여 철광석을 이용하는 Fenton-like 반응도 철광석 표면에서 hydroxyl radical을 생성하나 높은 pH에서는 다량의 수산화물과의 경쟁반응으로 인하여 그 활성이 상당히 감소되어진다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 중성영역의 pH에서 철이온-chelating agent의 복합체를 촉매로 사용하는 modified Fenton 반응이 제시 되어지고 있다. 이 처리방식의 경우에는 다량의 철이온의 투입이 요구되어진다. 따라서, 본 실험에서는 Fenton-like 반응과 modified Fenton 반응의 효율적인 접목으로 중성영역에서의 chelating agent의 투입으로 철광석으로부터 철이온을 용출하여 복합체를 형성함으로 혼합 Fenton 공정에서 부가적인 촉매로 사용되어짐으로 오염물 처리효율을 크게 향상시킨 기법 개발을 진행하였다. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene은 본 실험에서 오염원으로 사용하였으며, chelating agent에 의해 용출된 철이온이 약 0.1 mM 이상일 경우 Fenton-like 반응에 비하여 상당히 좋은 제거효율을 보였다. 혼합 Fenton 공정의 최대제거효율은 magnetite-NTA 시스템으로써 약 76%의 제거효율과 magnetite-EDTA의 경우 약 56%로서 이는 Fenton-like 반응에 비하여 약 40-60% 정도의 제거효율이 향상된 결과이다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권30호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2009

In the conservation treatment of wood remains, polymers, treatment methods, and treatment period can be varied, depending on the percentage of moisture content and species of trees. Thus, in order to apply the appropriate conservation treatment, a lot of information from the wood remains are required. Despite the information from the wood remains, testing a part of the wood remains is necessary to get information about the polymers. When the wooden coffin made of camphor trees was excavated, it was cracked in the section of radiation, and there were hairlines cracks. Therefore, without any conservation treatment, it is impossible to restore it. This experiment is for the conservation treatment of the wooden coffin excavated from Songhyun-dong tombs No 7, Changnyeong. For this experiment, I used camphor trees from Jejudo. The purpose of this experiment is to asses the possibility of preliminary testing materials before the conservation treatment on the wooden coffin. After the camphor trees from Jejudo are artificially aged by Fenton's reagent, they are As a result of oxidation by Fenton, the degree of oxidation is high in proportion to the amount of peroxide and iron sulfate. Among several samples, the sample 'na' made the most similar result to the wooden coffin from Songhyun-dong. If I use this condition to make the sample in polymer tests, it is very helpful to find the most suitable polymer for the conservation treatment of wooden coffin. After the same species of trees are oxidized by Fenton and they become the similar condition, we are able to find suitable methods of conservation treatment. The suitable methods reduce the demage of the remains and make us to get more information. Thus, we are able to carry out conservation treatment more exactly.