• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제18권3호통권47호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of family stress, coping, family resources on psychological distress and the interactions with family solidarity and coping in unemployed female head. The sample was 101 unemployed female heads(without husband) who are living in Seoul. The results of this study showed that family solidarity had significant buffering effect to moderate relationship between family stress and psychological distress. But the effect of coping on psychological distress was not significant. This means that the family solidarity was very important to decrease the psychological distress(somatization, anxiety, depression) of unemployed female head.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2002

This paper examines the effects of children related variables on the life satisfaction of the rural elderly. Data for this study were based on a study of 203 elderly people residing in Kyungnam, Korea. Elderly male achieved higher scores in life satisfaction than their female counterparts. Demographic variables, except for subjective financial status, failed to account for the significant variance in life satisfaction. There were gender differences on the effects of children related variables on life satisfaction. Number of children was significantly associated with the life satisfaction of the male elderly. For the female elderly, affectional solidarity and associational solidarity were significant Predictors to their life satisfaction. Associational solidarity had the strongest effect on life satisfaction of both male and female elderly. The results from this study suggest the relative importance of children related variables to the rural elderly.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2023

Background: Job performance is known as an essential reflection of nursing quality. Colleague solidarity, positive emotion, and turnover intention play effective roles in a clinical working environment, but their impacts on job performance are unclear. Investigating the association between nurses' colleague solidarity and job performance may be valuable, both directly and through the mediating roles of positive emotion and turnover intention. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 324 Chinese nurses were recruited by convenience sampling method from July 2016 to January 2017. Descriptive analysis, Spearman's correlation analysis, and the structural equation model were applied for analysis by SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: A total of 49.69% of participants were under 30 years old, and 90.12% of participants were female. Colleague solidarity and positive emotion were positively connected with job performance. The results indicated the mediating effects of positive emotion and turnover intention in this relationship, respectively, as well as the chain mediating effect of positive emotion and turnover intention. Conclusions: In conclusion, dynamic and multiple supportive strategies are needed for nurse managers to ameliorate nursing job performance by improving colleague solidarity and positive emotion and decreasing turnover intention based on the job demand-resource model.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 1994

This study is to investigate the factors which affect self- esteem of the aged parents. In this study questionaires were used to measure solidarity between aged parents and adults children, self- esteem of aged parents. Subjects were 234 male and 235 female parents who were aged over 60. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, and stepwise regression analysis. The results are as follows : 1) The solidarity between the aged parents and their adult children is average 65.5(Conversion value by 100 : 51.9) and shows the average level. The relations between solidarity and background variables are variables affected by education, pocket money, health, social activity and religion. 2) The degree of self- esteem in the aged parents is presented to average 26.1(Conversion value by 100 : 56.5) and shows the average level and it according to the background variables has a significant difference depending on education, pocket money, family living together, health, social activity, religion and the number of children. 3) To investigate the degree of self- esteem according to the degree of solidarity, the sub-areas of solidarity are subdivided into five groups. higher solodarity the group has, higher self- esteem it has. 4) The degree of effects of the variables which affect self- esteem in the aged parents is in such order as affectional solidarity($\beta$＝0.32), helping($\beta$＝0.14), education($\beta$＝0.10), solidarity by contact($\beta$＝0.09) and solidarity by argument($\beta$＝0.09) and $R^2$ of such variables are 30%.

• 대중서사연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.183-212
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• 2020

여성 간 로맨스를 다룬 GL(Girls' Love)은 서브컬쳐 시장에서 규모가 작고, 마이너한 문화로 여겨진다. 그럼에도 불구하고 최근 '페미니즘 리부트' 속에서 여성이 주인공으로 등장하는 서사에 대한 목소리가 높아지고, 자연스레 GL에 대한 관심도 증가하고 있다. '탈BL'을 선언한 사람들이 남성 캐릭터 대신 여성 캐릭터가 등장하는 GL을 소비해야 한다고 권장하는 것이다. 여성창작자가 여성의 이야기를 쓰는 여성 서사를 소비하고, 이를 통해 여성 서사의 범위를 확장시켜야 한다고 주장하는 분위기 속에서 '2018 우리만화상'을 수상한 웹툰 <그녀의 심청>은 신화 다시 쓰기를 통해 여성 서사의 가능성을 탐색한다. 효녀, 열녀 등 여성에게 주어진 젠더 규범은 <그녀의 심청>에서 모두 새로운 이름을 얻는다. 착한 딸은 거짓말과 도둑질을 일삼고, 현숙한 부인에게는 사랑하는 여자가 있다. 심청 외에도 뺑덕어미나 장승상 부인, 장승상의 며느리까지 여성인물들의 사연에 집중함으로써 남성이 지배하는 사회에서 생존하기 위한 여성들 사이의 연대를 강조하기도 한다. 이 과정에서 여성들 사이의 연대는 자연스레 GL적 상상력으로 이어진다. <그녀의 심청>은 여성 사이의 키스나 포옹 등 직접적인 신체 접촉을 아름다운 일러스트로 표현하며, 남자 없는 세계의 여성 간 로맨스를 보여준다. 여성들 사이의 연대가 종종 '위험하지 않은' 우정이나 소녀적 감수성으로 여겨지는 것과 달리, <그녀의 심청>의 여성 간 로맨스는 여성 거래의 문화적 규칙을 깨는 여성 성장 서사다. 이를 통해 헤게모니적 남성성을 중심으로 여성을 거래해온 공모적 남성 연대의 모순이 드러난다. 이처럼 GL 서사는 로맨스가 불가능한 시대의 서브컬쳐적 대안으로 부상하고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2017

본 연구는 영화 <아가씨>에서 변형된 시공간과 캐릭터를 통해 흥행 요인을 분석하고자 한다. 원작 소설이 있는 영화는 소설의 내러티브를 기초로 영화의 경험재적 특성을 감소시켜 관람 욕구를 유도한다. 본 영화는 소설의 배경인 빅토리아 시대와 다른 일제강점기를 선택하여 식민주의 남성성의 특징을 구현하는 캐릭터를 만들고, 남성에게 억압받는 여성들이 계급성을 초월하여 탈주하는 내용으로 변형하였다. 이를 통해 원작소설의 동성애 요소가 여성의 성장과 연대로 치환되어 부정적 요소를 감소시켰다. 또한 영화 개봉 시기 발생한 여성 대상 범죄의 젠더 담론은 캐릭터들의 공감 요소를 증대시키고 영화의 주제와 부합하였다. 그외 감독과 배우의 스타시스템과 영화 예고편의 효과적 공개 마케팅, 영화제 진출작 선정을 흥행 요인으로 볼 수 있다. 영화는 소설의 각색을 통해 다원적인 창작 역량을 증대하고 관객의 공감 요인을 확대한다. 흥행하는 각색 영화의 차별성은 변형된 내용이 창의적이면서도 시공간을 초월하는 보편적 인식과 상응할 수 있는 주제를 내포하고 매체적 특성을 효과적으로 표현하는 데 있다.

• 영미문화
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-79
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• 2017

Ella Hepworth Dixon's The Story of a Modern Woman is a pioneering female writer?s important work which was not deeply studied yet very influential in new women literature and its cultural global impact. Although women had been often praised for their beauties specially by romantic poets but their self-realization and innate values were not widely recognized until new women writers advocated their desires and active roles in the society at the end of the $19^{th}$ century. The new women writers including Ella Dixon gained popularity with their professional skills as the journalists or the contributors to the journals which were suddenly popular and actively circulated among Victorian women. From the 1880s to 1920s, in contrast with the traditional images of wives as ?the angel in the house?, these women new women writers broke the yoke of subjugated womanhood and instead tried to freely express their independent spirits and demanded their roles in the society. Although they were criticized sometimes as "the daughter of a new guise" "a lady of restless sex" or "the wild women," new girls? perky images in new women fiction brought into the new cultural phenomenon which led to the ?flapper? girl in the 1920s. Ella Dixon?s protagonist Mary Erle, strikingly similar to author herself, was a representative new woman who displayed a wide range of new cultural perspectives from a feminist?s viewpoint, but her untimely desire in the capitalized society was not fully accomplished, just promising the potentiality of the female solidarity which might be achieved later by her feminist posterity.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.225-243
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• 2009

This study investigates the use of different speech act of apology strategies between male and female EFL college students by comparing the components of intensity, stylistic competence, and semantic formulas. The data was collected from 37 participants who were studying freshmen English reading course at the Department of English Education of C University in Seoul. Most students were English majors taking pre-teacher course of teaching English for secondary school students. The participants were divided into two gender groups of male and female. The discourse completion test (DCT) which was revised from the speech act of apology by Olshtain and Cohen (1990) was provided with the participants after the researcher explained the speech act of apology in ten situations. The speech act of apology depends on situation variables: social solidarity, severity of offense, and social status. The results show that in the preference of intensity, male and female have almost the similar ratio in high (female: 24.7%, male 24%) and low intensity (female: 75.3%, male: 76%). In the use of stylistic competence, male group (21%) expresses more diversely formal features than female group (12%), while female (87%) use more informal features than male (66%). Most of participants show a limitation in the use of speaking four types of semantic formulas: expression of apology (APOL), acknowledgment of responsibility (RESP), offer of repair (REPR), and promise of forbearance (FORB). As nonnative speakers, the participants cannot conduct the semantic formula in some situations regardless of the tasks provided. The results suggest that English teachers should recognize pragmatic variations in which students feel difficulty in appropriate speaking strategies on apology. This study also contributes to teaching learners the strategies and speaking patterns in the course of various apology situations.

• 대중서사연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.9-37
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• 2020

이 글은 1990년대 이후의 초국적 '한류' 현상을 한국 문화의 세계적 진흥이라는 메타서사의 창출과 더불어 살펴본다. 한국 대중문화 콘텐츠에 대한 호감은 인근 지역 여성들로부터 자발적으로 시작됐다. 그러나 곧 IMF 금융위기를 계기로 한국 정부가 문화 산업 자체를 '굴뚝없는 공장'으로 주창하기 시작했다. 그러면서 세계무대를 향한 열망으로 한류가 공식화됐고, 지난 20여 년간 한류 1.0, 한류 2.0, 그리고 한류 3.0이 쉼없이 전개됐다. 이제 K-드라마, K-pop 등을 포괄하는 'K-엔터테인먼트'가 주창되고, 한국적인 모든 것으로 K-컬쳐도 내세워지고 있다. 이 글은 이 과정에서 여성들의 행위성은 충분히 논의되지 않았다고 주장한다. 대중문화의 흥기와 그 초국적 진전에서 선도적인 역할을 담당했던 여성 팬과 걸 그룹을 여성주체의 역량 및 여성노동의 맥락에서 살펴볼 필요가 있는 것이다. 이에 우선 구체적으로 한류의 전사(前史)로서 초국적 동아시아를 배경으로 여성 팬이 부상하는 맥락을 톺아본다. 또 K-엔터테인먼트의 전사(戰士)였지만 후경화되고 소략화됐던 걸 그룹과 여성 청년에 대해서 비판적으로 논의했다. 결론적으로 이들 여성 팬과 걸 그룹, 그리고 여성 청년들을 새로운 문화를 창출하는 주체로 적극적으로 고려해야한다는 것이다. 신자유주의 시대, 기존의 민족 혹은 계급 논의를 대체하는 세대 논의에서 여성은 여전히 재생산 영역에 머물러 있다. 최근 '페미니즘 리부트' 이후, 이를 반박하는 『82년생 김지영』 등 여성서사에 대한 관심이 동아시아를 넘고 있다. 이 흐름에서 여성 청년이기도 한 여성 팬과 걸 그룹 당사자들이 페미니즘 지향의 독자로 조우하기도 했다. 애초 한류가 여성들의 의해 가능했듯, 초국적 K-엔터테인먼트 장에서 새로운 여성서사가 생성 중인 것이다. 이 글은 여성 팬, 걸 그룹, 여성 청년이 사회학적 각론에서가 아니라, 젠더화된 메타서사에 대항하는 행위성으로 읽혀져야한다고 했다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the social support network for divorced single mother families. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews with seven divorced single mothers who had at least one school-age child. Qualitative analysis of data showed that divorced single mothers evaluated themselves based on other people's perception. There were mainly three different kinds of self-images, which were “a competent divorced woman,” “a bad child to my parents,” and “a socially weak person.” We also found that there were two factors that influenced the everyday lives of single mothers: all of them .;offered hardships in living as a divorced woman with children, and they also had to deal with the weakened solidarity with family of origin, relatives, and neighbors. Single mothers shared common problems yet their lifestyles and adjustment strategies were diverse. Therefore, diverse social welfare policies for education and counseling for single mothers are urgently needed to support and empower divorced single mothers.