• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.151-154
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• 2014

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The incidence of lung cancer is aproximately 7-8 thousand percent in Turkish women. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical, pathological properties and survival data of female patients with lung cancer who were treated in our center. Materials and Methods: From 2007 to 2012, 50 women with lung cancer were enrolled. Patient data were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The median age was 61 (40-81). Forty patients (80%) were diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 10 patients (20%) were small cell carcinoma (SCC). Twelve (24%) patients were smokers and 13 of 16 non-smokers had a history of exposure to asbestos. The most common histologic subtype was adenocarcinoma (46%) and this accounted for 71% in patients with exposure to asbestos. The most common initial Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score was 1 (24 patients, 48%) and initial stage was IV (25 patients, 50%) in the study group. During the median 15 months (1-96 months) followup period: 1 year overall survival (OS) was 68%, 2year overall survival was 36% and the median survival time was 19 months. According to univariate analysis, poor ECOG performance status, advanced stage, anemia and weight loss at time of diagnosis were negative prognostic factors. However, adenocarcinoma sub-type was a positive prognostic factor. Conclusions: In this study NSCLC sub-type, poor ECOG performance score, advanced stage, anemia and weight loss were prognostic factors in Turkish women with lung cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.861-865
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• 1993

The lung cancer in patients under 40 years old is rare and reported to be more rapidly fatal than in older persons. We reviewed the records of 18 cases who younger than 40 years with histologically proven lung cancer between 1959 and 1992 at department of Thoracic Surgery in National Medical Center. There were 12 male and 6 female patients. Two male and all female patients had never smoked. The 17 cases had respiratory symptoms for a mean duration of 3 months. The squamous carcinoma was found in 7 cases[38.9%], small cell carcinoma in 4 cases[22.2%], mixed cell carcinoma in 4 cases[22.2%], adenocarcinoma in 2 cases[11.1%] and bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma in 1 case. Among the 6 resected tumors, one case was stage I, two cases were stage II and three cases were stage IIIa. The operation was considered complete and curative in 6 patients and noncurative in 6 pations because of an exploratory thoracotomy. We conclude that lung cancer in young persons is virulent and that diagnosis is frequently delayed.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.80-94
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify attitudes toward advance directives (ADs) among female cancer patients and factors related to ADs. Methods: The study was conducted at a university hospital in Seoul from September 19, 2020, to January 20, 2021. The participants were 153 patients diagnosed with gynecological cancer or breast cancer. Data were collected using questionnaires and included general characteristics, disease- and AD-related characteristics, knowledge and attitudes about ADs, and attitudes about dignified death. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Only 2% of the participants completed ADs. The mean score for attitudes toward ADs was 3.30, indicating a positive knowledge and attitude toward dignified death. The factors related to attitudes toward ADs were attitudes toward dignified death (𝛽=0.25, P=0.001), experience discussing life-sustaining treatment (𝛽=0.17, P=0.037), preferred time to have a consultation about ADs (𝛽=0.19, P=0.046), intention to write ADs (𝛽=0.15, P=0.038), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (𝛽=-0.37, P<0.001). The explanatory power of these variables for attitudes toward ADs was 38.5%. Conclusion: Overall, patients preferred to have a consultation about ADs when they were still active, mentally healthy, and able to make decisions. Education about ADs should be provided to patients on the first day of hospitalization for chemotherapy or while awaiting treatment in an outpatient setting so patients can write ADs and discuss them with family and friends.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2893-2900
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• 2014

Background: Statistical methods are very important to precisely measure breast cancer patient survival times for healthcare management. Previous studies considered basic statistics to measure survival times without incorporating statistical modeling strategies. The objective of this study was to develop a data-based statistical probability model from the female breast cancer patients' survival times by using the Bayesian approach to predict future inferences of survival times. Materials and Methods: A random sample of 500 female patients was selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registry database. For goodness of fit, the standard model building criteria were used. The Bayesian approach is used to obtain the predictive survival times from the data-based Exponentiated Exponential Model. Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was used to obtain the summary results for predictive inference. Results: The highest number of female breast cancer patients was found in California and the lowest in New Mexico. The majority of them were married. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis (in years) was 60.92 (14.92). The mean (SD) survival time (in months) for female patients was 90.33 (83.10). The Exponentiated Exponential Model found better fits for the female survival times compared to the Exponentiated Weibull Model. The Bayesian method is used to obtain predictive inference for future survival times. Conclusions: The findings with the proposed modeling strategy will assist healthcare researchers and providers to precisely predict future survival estimates as the recent growing challenges of analyzing healthcare data have created new demand for model-based survival estimates. The application of Bayesian will produce precise estimates of future survival times.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.222-234
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• 2010

Objectives: Limited research has investigated the specific needs of patients with cancer. This study was performed to explore patients needs and the related factors. Methods: The data were collected by 1 National Cancer Center and 9 regional cancer centers in Korea. An interview survey was performed with using a structured questionnaire for the subjects(2661 patients who gave written informed consent to particiate) survey 4 months after diagnosis and review of medical records. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: When comparing the relating factors related with patient needs to the sociodemographic characteristics, the female group showed a higher level of recognition for physical symptoms, social support needs. The younger group showed a significantly higher level of recognition for health care staff, psychological problems, information and education, social support, hospital services needs. In addition, the higher educated group showed a higher level of recognition for health care staff, physical symptoms, social support needs. The higher income and office workers group showed a higher level of recognition for hospital services needs. When comparing the relating factors related with patient needs to the cancer, the breast cancer group showed a higher level of recognition for all needs excluding physical symptoms, accessibility and financial support needs. The combined radiotherapy with surgery and chemotherapy group showed a higher level of recognition for psychological problems, information and education, social support needs. Conclusions: This study showed that needs on patient with cancer was significantly influenced by female, higher educagion, lower income, having religion, office worker, liver cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, chemotherapy, and combined therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2695-2697
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• 2016

Background: Gastric cancer, the fifth most common malignancy in the world, usually affects older individuals but can occur in younger age groups. In this study we compared the clinicopathological profile of young patients of gastric cancer with that of older patients. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective study of gastric cancer patients treated over three year period (January 2012 to December 2014). Data of patients were obtained from the medical record. Clinical and pathological characters of younger patients (age 40 years or less) were compared with older patients (age more than 40 years). Results: There were total of 152 patients treated during the study period. Twenty patients (13.2%) were less than 40 years of age and 132 (86.8%) were older. The male to female ratio in younger patients was 1:1.5 whereas in older patients it was 1:0.6. In the younger age group 14 patients (70%) had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in contrast to 45% in the older age group (p<0.01). Some 55% of younger and 42% of older patients had stage IV disease at presentation and curative surgery was not possible. Palliative surgery for gastric outlet obstruction or bleeding from the tumor was performed on 25% and 21% respectively. Conclusions: Gastric cancer in young people aged less than 40 years has unique characters like female predominance, unfavorable tumor biology, and advanced stage at presentation. There should be a high index of suspicion of gastric cancer even in young patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9453-9458
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death for women in the United States. Differences in survival of breast cancer have been noted among racial and ethnic groups, but the reasons for these disparities remain unclear. This study presents the characteristics and the survival curve of two racial and ethnic groups and evaluates the effects of race on survival times by measuring the lifetime data-based half-normal model. Materials and Methods: The distributions among racial and ethnic groups are compared using female breast cancer patients from nine states in the country all taken from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry. The main end points observed are: age at diagnosis, survival time in months, and marital status. The right skewed half-normal statistical probability model is used to show the differences in the survival times between black Hispanic (BH) and black non-Hispanic (BNH) female breast cancer patients. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard ratio are used to estimate and compare the relative risk of death in two minority groups, BH and BNH. Results: A probability random sample method was used to select representative samples from BNH and BH female breast cancer patients, who were diagnosed during the years of 1973-2009 in the United States. The sample contained 1,000 BNH and 298 BH female breast cancer patients. The median age at diagnosis was 57.75 years among BNH and 54.11 years among BH. The results of the half-normal model showed that the survival times formed positive skewed models with higher variability in BNH compared with BH. The Kaplan-Meir estimate was used to plot the survival curves for cancer patients; this test was positively skewed. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard ratio for survival analysis showed that BNH had a significantly longer survival time as compared to BH which is consistent with the results of the half-normal model. Conclusions: The findings with the proposed model strategy will assist in the healthcare field to measure future outcomes for BH and BNH, given their past history and conditions. These findings may provide an enhanced and improved outlook for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients in the United States.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2000

This paper is based on the records of researching the patients with cancer in the Chunnam National University Hospital from January 1990 to December 1999 and referred to the Korea Cancer Center Hospital's annual report. The results are as the following : 1. Along the total O.P.D 5,680,284, the patients of therapeutic radiology are 201,367 in $3.55\%$ 2. Among the 12,404 cancer patients, stomach cancer patients are $2,048(16.51\%),\;liver\;cancer\;patients\;are\;1,490(12.01\%),\;lung\;cancer\;patients\;are\;1,418(11.43\%)\;cervix\;and\;uterus\;cancer\;patients\;are\;1,102(8.88\%)$ and sexual ratio of male to female appeared 1.38 : 1 Therefore, male cancer patients are more than female patients. 3. The age distribution of cancer was $2,791(22.50\%)\;by\;55{\sim}64\;age,\;2,582(20.82\%)\;by\;45{\sim}54\;age,\;and\;2,530(20.40\%)\;by\;65{\sim}74\;age.\;Therefore,\;the\;60\%\;of\;all\;cancer\;patients\;were\;45{\sim}75$ ages. 4. Among the 9,815 therapeutic radiology patients, $1,755(17.89\%)\;are\;in\;the\;uterus\;system,\;1,534(15.63\%)\;are\;in\;the\;head\;and\;neck,\;1,519(15.48\%)$ are in the lung. Therefore, the proportion of three kinds of therapeutic radiology patients is about $50\%$. 5. The occupational distributions of 12,404 cancer patients$(90{\sim}99\;year)\;are\;2,795(22.53\%)\;by\;orderly\;farmers,\;2,763(22.28\%)\;by\;house\;wives,\;586(4.71\%)\;by\;businessmen,\;and\;391(3.15\%)$ by public service personnel. Industrial, miners, forest men, soldiers didn't nearly appear. 6. The number of patients of cancer diagnosis was $9,431(76.03\%)\;by\;the\;biopsy\;of\;primary\;region,\;and\;2,201(17.74\%)$ by clinical examination Therefore, those two kinds of methods took a propertion of about $94\%.\;The\;number\;of\;deceases\;on\;departments\;was\;153(32.42\%)\;in\;PD,\;133(28.18\%)\;in\;GI,\;63(13.35\%)$ in GS. Therefore, those three kinds of deceases took a proportion of about $74\%$.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data to improve the QOL in patients suffering from female cancers. Subjects of this study were consisted 255 persons who admitted or visited three university hospitals. The instruments used for this study included "the Quality Of Life Scale(QOL)" developed by National Conference on Cancer Nursing and successively amended by Kwon(1990), "Anger in" developed by Spielberger(1988) and successively amended by Chon(1997). The collected data were analyzed using a SPSS 11.0 for PC. To find out significant factors of Anger in & QOL in patients with Female Cancer patients, Frequency, Percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients were conducted. The main findings : Anger in score was a little low & QOL score was middle. Several characteristics of the subjects were identified to differenti ate the "Anger in" and "QOL". Age status(F=2.64, p=0.05), education status(F=2.73, p=0.04), Health insurance(t=2.27, p=0.00) and cancer insurance status(t=2.97, p=0.00) was significant factors of the "Anger in". Education status(F=2.64 p=0.05), Occupation status (t=2.90, p=0.00), Monthly income (F=3.23 p=0.01), Stage of disease(F=9.23 p=0.00), Perceived health status(F=73.61 p=0.00), Perceived fatigue status(F=11.26 p=0.00) was significant factors of the "QOL". In conclusion, Anger in score was a little low & QOL sore was moderate. The degree of Anger in and quality of life were significantly negative correlated. Therefore, It is needed strategies for intervention of 'Anger in' to improve the QOL in female cancer patients. The significant characteristics of related to "anger in" & QOL should consider in sociopsychogical nursing intervention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2405-2408
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• 2012

This descriptive study was performed to determine levels of the death anxiety levels of relatives of patients who being treated in a public hospital located in the Asian side of Istanbul and influencing factors. The sample was 106 patient relatives of patients from oncology or chemotherapy units of the hospital. Data were collected between May-June 2011 with the 15-item Death Anxiety Scale developed by Templer (1970) and adapted to Turkish by Senol (1989) and evaluated by number-percentage calculations, the Kruskal Wallis, Anova and t tests. Some 36.8% of the included group were aged 45 years and over, 57.5% were female and 65.1% were married. A statistically significant difference was found between the age groups, genders of the patient relatives, the period of cancer treatment regarding the death anxiety levels (p<0.05). The death anxiety levels of the patient relatives who were in the 17-39 age group, female and had a patient who was under treatment for less than 6 months were found to high as compared to others.