• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.11-26
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• 2016

Businesses have to survive and thrive in both domestic and international environments. In order to resolve these problems, new alternatives have been presented. These include the importance of women's resources and entrepreneurship of female CEOs. The sensibility, delicacy, creativity as well as the intuitive power of female CEOs, actively enables them to cope with the ever-changing environment. Because of the rapidly changing circumstances, the above mentions women's attributes are highlighted thus, causing women's roles in society to shift from their traditional tendencies to finding careers and their own identities. Due to this change in social roles, social interest and the values of female CEOs are being reevaluated. Accordingly, the conceptual consideration of female entrepreneurship (innovation, enterprise, risk sensitivity) as well as the factors to be considered for the entrepreneurship of female CEOs in order to promote knowledge management performance was derived in this research. The deducted implication of this research is that generally, the enterprise and risk sensitivity of entrepreneurship affect the knowledge management performance of female CEOs. It is therefore proved that in the case of female CEOs, entrepreneurship and self-efficacy are linked, allowing them to achieve the desired outcome for a specific task performance. Female CEOs are capable of company management through the mediating process of their enterprise, risk sensitivity, and self-efficacy and with faith in their knowledge management, will be able to achieve high performance. Therefore, using strengths and nature peculiar to women, women's economic activities derived from knowledge management based on entrepreneurship will not only help overcome the long-term economy crisis but also lead to high economic growth and development. This will be a dynamic force for the nation's new growth with financial means. The comparative study of existing results will also contribute in suggesting the direction of policies that will enable the success of female CEOs in entrepreneurship.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

Although it is a limited and exploratory study, it is focused on figuring out correlations between characteristics of female CEOs who founded a company and their managerial achievements. Toward this end, the study is focused on generating such determinants as background characteristics, behavioral features and competence traits that characterize female CEOs based on previous studies and existing literature while suggesting study models and assumptions on correlations between these factors and managerial achievements and conducting empirical analyses. Results of the empirical analyses are as follows. First, regression analyses that verified relationships between background characteristics of female corporate founders and managerial achievements have found that major subjects had a significant effect, but that their experiences in corporate foundation and careers did not. Second, regression analyses that verified behavioral characteristics of female corporate CEOs and their managerial achievements have found that credibility and the motive for corporation foundation had a significant impact, but that efforts to counter risks factors did not. Third, regression analyses that verified relationships between competence features of female corporate CEOs and managerial achievements have found that managerial control capability had a significant impact, but that entrepreneurial capability and technical capability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.305-315
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the difference in gender of top executives and corporate investment. In addition, this study also extends to how the sensitivity of investment to cash flow varies with the gender of leaders. Finally, the effect of the gender of leaders on firm investment is also tested across firm types (state firms vs. private firms and high-growth firms vs. low-growth firms). Based on the dataset of Vietnamese listed firms over 2007-2017, the fixed-effect model is used to test the hypotheses. The results show that women as chairs of the board tend to lower corporate investment, whereas the gender of CEOs (Chief Executive Officers) does not influence the investment level. Moreover, top female executives are associated with a decrease in the sensitivity of investment to cash flow. These regression results also show that top female executives only have an impact on the rate of investment in private and low-growth firms. The findings of this study are useful for the board of directors in selecting a chairperson in line with the firm's strategies. Furthermore, the findings of this study are also meaningful for policymakers who should monitor the separate role of the CEO and chair of the board in a company.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.49-57
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• 2012

This study aims examining a few elements representing a family-friendly corporate environment such as the attitude of CEOs, corporate culture, the support from direct supervisors and their influence on the sense of self-efficacy and career success of women managers. The summary and conclusion of the result of this study is as follows; first, the positive attitude of CEOs as one of the representing elements for family-friendly corporate environment was found to affect the sense of self-efficacy and the career success of married women managers with positive effects. Second, the support of superiors turned out to have a positive effect on career development of women managers. Finally, the sense of women's self-efficacy turned out to affect career success of women managers. For the use of female resources as a growth power, the attitude of CEOs who promote gender equality, and the support of supervisors will play a very important part, and in order to build a corporate culture with gender equality, promotion and policy-making on corporate as well as government level are required.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a major hormone of pineal gland in vertebrates, is known to be associated with regulation of the dynamic physiological functions in general and has some functions on reproduction in the ovarian follicles in particular. And its antioxidant properties as a scavenger are also reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on the in vitro maturation of mouse germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocytes. Oocyte maturation, apoptosis, and mRNA expression of melatonin receptor were analyzed in the cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes (CEOs) cultured with melatonin for 18 h. The CEOs were obtained from 3 wk-old ICR female mice cultured in media with 0, 0.1 nM, 10 nM, or 1,000 nM melatonin for 18 h. And then the extrusion of the first polar body was assessed to evaluate the maturation rate. The apoptosis and mRNA expression of melatonin receptor (Mtnr1-a and Mtnr1-b) in cumulus cells of each group were measured by TUNEL assay, ELISA, and real time RT-PCR after in vitro maturation(IVM). The addition of melatonin in the IVM medium significantly improved nuclear maturation of the mouse GV oocytes and the highest maturation rate were obtained from the group treated with 1,000 nM melatonin. Apoptosis was not detected in IVM oocytes, but detected in cumulus cells. And cumulus cells treated with 1,000 nM melatonin exhibited significantly lower apoptosis. In the group treated with 1,000 nM melatonin, the expression of melatonin receptor mRNA was decreased in CEOs. In conclusion, melatonin has a potentially important role for regulating oocyte maturation and reduces the apoptosis of cumulus cells in vitro.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2019

Purpose: This provides basic data for improving educational effectiveness by selecting and applying basic vocational competency applicable to dental technology's sub-major curricula by determining and researching dental technicians' awareness levels concerning the basic vocational competency's importance. Methods: 170 dental technicians working in Daegu, Korea were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire between 9 January 2018 and 23 February 2018. Results: 1. The highest level of the basic vocational competency elements by the awareness levels of importance in dental technology laboratories was shown in the occupational ethics, followed by technological skills, interpersonal skills, self-development levels, problem-solving skills, information skills, resource management skills and skills for understanding groups, communication skills, and mathematical skills. 2. Female dental technicians put relatively higher importance on writing documents and managing time, while males stressing on basic statistics. 3. Dental laboratory CEOs and managers put high values on resource management skills, while head technicians valuing information skills more. 4. The awareness levels concerning the basic vocational competency importance in some dental technology fields did not match those of the dental technology laboratories in the fields of porcelain, crown and bridge, and orthodontics. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that the awareness levels concerning basic vocational competency's importance in some fields of dental technology differ from those of dental technology laboratories. Developing a basic vocational competency curriculum, it seems necessary to find ways to increase educational effectiveness by selecting and applying the basic vocational competency for the respective fields of dental technology.