• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.811-818
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• 2017

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fungal treated oil palm fronds (FTOPF) on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and muscle chemical composition. Methods: Eighteen growing crossbred male goats (Thai Native${\times}$Anglo Nubian) with $18.7{\pm}2.0kg$ of initial body weight (BW) were stratified and blocked by BW in a randomized complete block design. Three diets containing 30% of oil palm fronds (OPF) either untreated (UOPF) or treated with Lentinussajor-caju (FTOPF) with or without urea (FTOPFU) were used as roughage sources in total mixed rations (TMRs). The diets were offered ad libitum and weight gain was determined. At the end of the experimental period, the harvest data and carcass characteristics of the goats were recorded, and muscular longissimus dorsi composition was determined. Results: No significant effect of fungal treated (FT) inclusion was observed in any of the feed intake, growth performance, and carcass characteristics. Likewise, no apparent effects on carcass composition and muscle chemical composition were detected in this study, except for hind leg and chump were affected (p<0.05) by FT inclusion. Conclusion: In conclusion, feeding of fungal (Lentinussajor-caju) treated oil palm frond in TMR diet did not affect performance and carcass characteristics in finishing goats.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2009

본 연구는 젖소 초유를 마우스에 급여후 성장과 사료섭취에 관하여 연구한 것이다. 초유구, 시유구, 대조구로 나누어 각 시험구당 10마리씩 나누어 실험하였다. 마우스의 사료섭취는 시험기간 2주 동안 대조구는 4.73 g, 시유구는 3.95 g, 초유구는 3.4.1g 이었다. 마우스의 시유 및 초유섭취는 시험기간 2주 동안 대조구는 0 g, 시유구는 9.93 g 섭취, 초유구는 10.17 g을 섭취하였다. 물 섭취는 2주간 대조구가 6.28 g, 시유구가 4.74 g, 초유구가 4.67 g을 섭취하였다. 마우스의 증체율은 초유구가 대조구에 비해서 16.73%(P<0.05) 높았다. 마우스 혈액으로부터 조사한 엘러지와 관련된 사이토카인 IL-4는 초유에서 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 젖소 초유가 마우스의 증체율 및 사료 섭취에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.763-769
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• 2020

Objective: The experiment was conducted to study the effect of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) fruit peel powder (RP) on feed consumption, digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation dynamics and microbial population in Thai breed cattle. Methods: Four, 2-year old (250±15 kg) beef bull crossbreds (75% Brahman×25% local breed) were allotted to experimental treatments using a 4×4 Latin square design. Four dietary supplementation treatments were imposed; non-supplementation (control, T1); supplementation of RP fed at 2% of dry matter intake (DMI) (low, T2); supplementation of RP fed at 4% of DMI (medium, T3) and supplementation of RP fed at 6% of DMI (high, T4). All cattle were given a concentrate supplement at 1% of body weight while Napier grass was provided as a free choice. Results: The findings revealed that RP supplementation did not negatively affect (p>0.05) DMI of Napier grass, while RP intake and total DMI were the greatest in the RP supplementation at 4% and 6% DMI. Nevertheless, the nutrients (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber) digestibilities were not changed in the RP supplementation groups. Rumen fermentation parameters especially those of total volatile fatty acids, acetate and butyrate were not significantly changed. However, the propionate concentration was remarkably increased (p<0.05) in the RP supplementation. Notably, the ratio of acetate to propionate, the number of protozoa, as well as the methane estimation were significantly reduced in the RP supplemented groups (4% and 6% of DMI), while the counts of bacteria was not altered. Conclusion: Supplementation of RP (4% of DMI) improved rumen propionate production, reduced protozoal population and methane estimation (p<0.05) without a negative effect on feed consumption and nutrients total tract digestibilities in beef cattle. Using dietary rambutan fruit peel powder has potential promise as a rumen regulator.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine grazing intensity of growing Korean native goats(Capra hircus coreanae) on mountainous pasture. It was carried out to obtain basic information for improvement of mountainous pasture management and establishing feeding system of Korean native goat. A total of 20 goats were grouped by feeding systems [A mountainous pasture grazing group (Concentrated feed of 1.5% body weight, treatment 1, T1, n=10) and a barn feeding group (TMR, treatment 2, T2), n=10] to conduct study from April to September. The average forage productivity of the mountain pasture was $500.9{\pm}61.41kg/ha$. The average dry matter intake in T1 was 0.64 and the calculated grazing intensity was 21 head/ha. In productivity, when the two treatments(T1, T2) were compared, the dry matter intake was about two to three times the difference. The average daily gain per day during the experiment was 63.3 in the mountain pasture and 120 g in barn feeding. When grazing, considering mountainous pasture productivity it is necessary to increase the productivity through proper feeding. The feed costs of black goats raised by grazing on the grassland in the same period showed an average 75% reduction compared to barn feeding. As a result of this study, it can be expected that a considerable reduction of feed costs can be expected in the breeding of Korean native black goat using the mountain pasture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1557-1566
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• 2007

Ten male crossbred (Thai $Native{\times}Anglo$ Nubian) goats with average live weight of $27{\pm}2$ kg were randomly assigned according to a $5{\times}5$ replicated Latin square design to receive five diets, $T_1$ = concentrate with 0% cassava chip (CC), $T_2$ = 25% CC, $T_3$ = 50% CC, $T_4$ = 75% CC and $T_5$ = 100% CC. Fresh elephant grass (FEG) was offered ad libitum as the roughage. A metabolism trial lasted for 21 days during which liveweight changes and feed intakes were measured. Based on this experiment, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among treatment groups regarding DM intake and digestion coefficients of nutrients (DM, OM, NDF and ADF), except for $T_5$ (100% CC) which was lowest (p<0.05) in digestion coefficient of CP than $T_1$ and $T_3$. Rumen parameters (ruminal pH, $NH_3$-N and volatile fatty acids), blood urea nitrogen, blood glucose and packed cell volume were similar among treatments. Moreover, rumen microorganism populations were not affected (p>0.05) by cassava inclusion. The amount of N absorption and retention were similar among treatments, except for $T_5$ which tended to be slightly lower. Based on this experiment, it could be concluded that the optimal level of cassava inclusion to replace corn in goat diets was in the range of 25-75% of CC when fed with FEG and it was a good approach in exploiting the use of local feed resources for goat production.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2003

본 연구는 남은 음식물의 사료화를 목적으로 Lactobacillus acidophilus와 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 이용하여 남은 음식물을 발효시켜 고품질의 생균사료를 생산하기 위하여 실시하였다. 액상으로 충분히 마쇄시킨 남은 음식물 시료에 공기주입량을 0v.v.m 0rpm, 0.25v.v.m 100rpm, 0.5v.v.m 200rpm과 1v.v.m 500rpm으로 다르게 조절하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 발효시킨 결과 0.5v.v.m 200rpm의 조건에서 생균수가 $4.5{\times}10^9CFU/m{\ell}$로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 공기주입량을 조절함으로써 최종 발효물의 pH를 조절할 수 있었고 사료로서의 기호성에 알맞고 보존성도 좋은 4-5의 pH범위를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

본 연구는 음식폐기물 건조사료를 곤충의 먹이(사료)로 공급하여 대량 증식을 위한 특성을 연구하였다. 특히 아메리카동애등에(Hermetia illucens)의 경우 음식폐기물 건조사료 함량에 따른 유충 증식량을 평가한 결과, 발육 초기에는 호프박과 일반사료를 음식폐기물 건조사료와 함께 혼합하여 공급한 경우 증체량이 증가하였으나, 발육이 서서히 진행되면서 종령시기에는 음식폐기물 건조사료 100%와 혼합사료간 유충의 중량에 큰 차이가 없었다. 집파리 유충은 음식폐기물 건조사료를 먹이로 100% 공급할 경우 발육이 부진하여 비정상적으로 용화되었으며, 정상적인 사육을 위해서는 음식폐기물 건조사료 함량을 20~30%로 낮게 공급하는 것이 효율적이다. 아메리카왕거저리의 유충은 사료의 종류에 크게 영향을 받지 않고 발육하는 것으로 나타났으며, 음식폐기물 건조사료에서 사망하는 개체가 조사되지 않아 먹이(사료)로 공급해도 생육을 저해하지 않았다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2010

The current study was designed to assess the effects of emulsified sausage supplemented with ginseng saponin on lipid metabolism by applying a rat model. Four groups of 8 rats (5 wk old) were each allocated one of 4 treatments: basal feed (C), and basal feed with 20% sausage powder containing 0% (S0), 2% (S2) and 4% (S4) ginseng saponin. The experiment was conducted for 4 wk. The results did not differ among the treatments with different amounts of sausage (ST), but daily feed intake (p<0.01) and feed conversion (p<0.001) were significantly increased in STs compared to C. Both total serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were significantly (p<0.001) reduced, by 45 and 46%, and 48 and 46%, in S2 and S4, respectively, compared to S0. In the liver, the total cholesterol level was dramatically (p<0.05) decreased according to increasing sausage powder levels. In particular, S4 showed approximately 14% reduction compared to S0 (p<0.05). Liver triglyceride content also showed a similar tendency, where S2 and S4 resulted in 7% and 31% reduction. With regard to fatty acid composition in the liver tissues, palmitic acid (16:0), oleic acid (18:1), eicosanoic acid (20:1), and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3) did not differ among the STs, whereas both linoleic acid (18:2) (p<0.01) and linolenic acid (18:3) (p<0.001) showed significant increases in S2 compared to S0. The current data demonstrated that emulsified sausages supplemented with ginseng saponin effectively reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the serum and liver, and increase unsaturated and essential fatty acid in the liver. These data collectively imply that the sausage improved the overall lipid profile in a rat model, and can be further generalized to the result that emulsified sausage can improve lipid metabolism depending on the products' formula.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.629-635
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• 2018

The present study investigated the effects of feed form and distiller's dried grain with solubles (DDGS) on meat quality and fatty acids profile of broiler chickens. A total of 720 broilers (Ross 308; average BW [body weight] $541{\pm}5.7g$) were randomly allotted to six treatments. Birds were fed three different feed forms (mash; SP, simple pellet; EP, expanded pellet) and DDGS (0 or $200g\;kg^{-1}$) in a $3{\times}2$ factorial arrangement. The addition of DDGS and EP to the diet resulted in increased shear force of breast meat. Moreover, DDGS inclusion in the diet reduced the concentration of stearic acid and behenic acid in thigh meat. Pelleting (SP and EP) of the diets increased palmitic acid content in the thigh, whereas the linolenic acid content decreased. The breast mass was higher with EP and SP diets than with the mash diet. Feed processing led to increased pectoralis muscle and drum mass compared to mash-fed chickens. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that EP decreased thigh linolenic acid and meat shear force. In addition, DDGS supplementation in broiler hampers meat quality by increasing the shear force.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.212-217
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• 2002

본 연구는 쑥을 사료에 첨가하여 급여수준(1, 3, 5%)에 따라 4주간 급여한 후 도계하여 흉부와 대퇴부위를 냉장온도(4$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$)에 4주간 저장하면서 이화학적 특성 및 가공특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. pH는 저장기간이 경과하면서 전 처리구에서 유의적으로 상승하였고(p<0.05), 대퇴부위가 흉심부위보다 높았다. 육즙손실과 가열감량은 대조구에 비하여 쑥 첨가구에서 낮은 경향이었고(p<0.05), 보수력은 저장기간이 경과하면서 유의적으로 상승하였다(p<0.05). 육색은 저장기간이 경과하면서 L*, a*, b* 값이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.