• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.149-158
• /
• 1995

The purpose of the present study was to understand the pathogenesis of infections in piglets inoculated with C parvum isolated from mice alone and combined with porcine rotavirus (S-80). Thirteen 10-day piglets were divided in four groups; Three, A group, were only given by C parvum. Four, B group, were orally administrated with firstly porcine rotavirus and then C patvum. Three, C group, were orally inoculated with porcine rotavirus alone. The rest, D group, were used as controls. During the experiment, there were daily recorded clinical signs including diarrhea to each pig. According to the periodic intervals for necropsy, all pigs were sacrificed from 4 to 12 days after the final inoculation of C parvum. Location and distribution of two pathogens, C parvum and rotavirus, in the intestinal mucosa of piglets tested were examined by pathological and immunohistological means. In addition, parasitological test using the feces of piglets was applied for the detection of cryptosporidial oocysts as well. A group showed diarrhea from 4 to 6 days post-inoculation(PI) and also discharged C parvum oocysts in feces during the day 4 to 7 PI. In tissue sections of jejunum and ileum, cryptosporidial oocysts were observed a few on the top of villi with slightly fusion. B group represented sign of diarrhea and discharge of oocysts from 2 to 11 days PI. There were some cryptosporidial oocysts both in the jejunal lumen and in the lumen of mucosal glands. As progressed, oocysts were most commonly distributed on the tip of villi of jejunum. Histopathologically there were also mild to moderately fused, attenuated focal desquamated, congested villi and mononuclear cell infiltration of varying degrees in the lamina propria of small intestine and colon at the day 4 and 7 PI. C group showed slightly to mildly attenuated and fused top of villi and mildly mucosal congestion. D group as controls was grossly and histopathologically normal in all parts of intestine. The present results indicate that the piglets inoculated with C parvum only are certainly milder in pathogenesis including duration of clinical course and severity of lesion than those in piglets concurrently infected with porcine rotavirus and C parvum. Also the strain (VRI-CN91) of C parvum used in the study has very low pathogenicity to occur enteritis of piglets.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.144-155
• /
• 2007

1. Objectives The purpose of this study was to find the difference of ordinary and pathological symptoms according to Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods We recruited 418 subjects in the five oriental hospitals and researched normal symptoms and illness ones through a paper, who were diagnosed by the Sasang Constitution specialist in oriental hospital, who had remarkable improvement in their chief complain after Sasang Constitution medication. 3. Results 1) In ordinary symptoms, amount, speed and appetite items of Digestion are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). Feeling after evacuation of Feces, feeling after urination and yellow color of Urine, amount, feeling after sweat, location in hand/feet of Sweat, and in the others, Tireness in head, Drinking water, sensitivity, coldness in hand/feet, warmness in belly of Coldness/Warmness are also significantly different(p<0.05). 2) In pathological symptoms, palpitation, swelling and lack of appetite items are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). 3) In diseases, Hypertension and DM items are significantly different according to Sasang Constitution statistically(p<0.05). 4. Conclusions There were significantly difference items in ordinary, pathological symptoms and diseases according to Sasang Constitution.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.376-379
• /
• 2013

A four-week-old female Scottish Fold cat weighting 0.6 kg was admitted for vaccination. During the physical examination, the liquid feces were observed from the vulva and the anus was imperforate. The location of a narrow fistula and distended colon were identified on the contrast radiography. Definitive diagnosis was made as type III atresia ani with rectovaginal fistula. Anal reconstruction and ligation of the fistula were successfully undertaken to treat atresia ani. After surgery, the cat was treated with lactulose and a special diet consisting of high fiber was fed to increase digestibility. The cat was able to control defecation after 2 weeks post-operation. There was no complication for 8 months after surgery.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study used semiology based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to investigate vital energy (Qi) behavior in women with abdominal myofascial pain syndrome (AMPS). Methods: Fifty women diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) secondary to AMPS were evaluated by using a questionnaire based on the theories of "yin-yang," "zang-fu", and "five elements". We assessed the following aspects of the illness: symptomatology; specific location of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs); onset, cause, duration and frequency of symptoms; and patient and family history. The patients tongues, lips, skin colors, and tones of speech were examined. Patients were questioned on various aspects related to breathing, sweating, sleep quality, emotions, and preferences related to color, food, flavors, and weather or seasons. Thirst, gastrointestinal dysfunction, excreta (feces and urine), menstrual cycle, the five senses, and characteristic pain symptoms related to headache, musculoskeletal pain, abdomen, and chest were also investigated. Results: Patients were between 22 and 56 years old, and most were married (78%), possessed a elementary school (66%), and had one or two children (76%). The mean body mass index and body fat were 26.86 kg/cm2 (range: 17.7 - 39.0) and 32.4% (range: 10.7 - 45.7), respectively. A large majority of women (96%) exhibited alterations in the kidney meridian, and 98% had an altered gallbladder meridian. We observed major changes in the kidney and the gallbladder Qi meridians in 76% and 62% of patients, respectively. Five of the twelve meridians analyzed exhibited Qi patterns similar to pelvic innervation Qi and meridians, indicating that the paths of some of these meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region. Conclusion: The women in this study showed changes in the behavior of the energy meridians, and the paths of some of the meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.532-548
• /
• 2015

The winter ecology of individual yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula) intemperate region of Korea were studied through snow-tracking. The study was performed across 3 winter seasons, from January 2011 to February 2013. Total distance of 49.8km was snow tracked (comprising 13 snow-tracking routes) to determine winter foraging habits, general behavior and movement paths of solitary and small groups (1-6 individuals; $mean=2.9{\pm}1.6$) of yellow-throated martens. The martens in the current study were omnivorous, with their winter diet including 9 animal and 5 plant species. Yellow-throated martens searched for food near and under the fallen logs and branches, root plates of fallen trees, around the roots of growing trees, and in small holes in the ground. They also climbed trees to search inside the tree holes and vacant bird nests. Foraging activity was estimated to occur at a frequency of 1.20 times/km, while territory marking occurred 1.42 times/km on average. Of the 60 documented foraging activities we observed, 17 were successful (28.3%). Moving activity and territory marking mainly occurred along ridges, whereas foraging activity was recorded in valleys, slopes, and forest edges. To protect the habitat of this species, the entire forest should be preserved, including the valleys, slopes, and even forest edges as well as main ridges.