• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.460-464
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• 2012

From 1998 to 2008, the bacteriological quality of seawater in Kamak Bay, Korea, was monitored. The total and fecal coliforms in seawater were monitored as bacterial indicators, and the level of fecal coliform contamination was used to evaluate seawater quality. In the southern shellfish growing area of Kamak Bay, the observed fecal coliform geometric mean (GM) and estimated 90th percentile did not exceed the quality standards for fecal coliforms in seawater in Korea and th USA (GM<14 MPN/100 mL, 90th percentile<43 MPN/100 mL). The GM and estimated 90th percentile of the fecal coliform levels in the adjacent northern area of Kamak Bay were higher than in the southern area. Stations near wastewater discharge sites and urban areas in the north had the lowest quality and did not meet the bacteriological seawater quality criteria. The high fecal coliform levels in the Seonso coastal region near wastewater discharges and northern urban areas declined significantly following dredging and operation of a sewage treatment plant.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.354-360
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• 1997

This study was intended that the biochemical patterns, bioserological characteristics, resistance of antibiotics, and transferable resistance patterns of 35 Dscherichia coli strains from 79 fish and shellfish samples in marine markets from August to October, 1995. The Standard plate count, coliforms and fecal coliforms were also counted in the 79 cases and analysed the correlationship each other. Geometric means of Standard plate count in seawater fish, shellfish, mollusca and crustacean were 1.4$\times$105 CFU/g, 4.0$\times$105 CFU/g, 2.4$\times$105 CFU/g, 4.7$\times$105 CFU/g, and those of coliforms were 1.3$\times$103 CFU/g, 4.8$\times$103 CFU/g, 8.9$\times$102 CFU/g, 5.8$\times$103 CFU/g. There were no fecal coliforms in the fish and mollusc. However, the geometric means of coliforms in the shellfish and crustacean (1.1$\times$101 CFU/100g, 10 CFU/100 g) were less than those of fish and mollusca. The important biochemical characteristics of E. coli distinguished from the shellfish and crustacean were motility, ornithine decarboxylase, mucate, esculin. The fermentative properties of E. coli were also sucrose, salicin, sorbitol, and raffinose. Of 35 isolates of E. coli, 13 strains (37.1%) showed the pathogenic O antisera, which were O:27 3 strains (23.1%), ):159 2 strains (15.4%) and ):148, O:119, O:142, O:158, O:136, O:18, O:128, and O:168 1 strain (7.7%),respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.575-580
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• 2011

This study characterized water quality of groundwater and purified water used for drinking water in 30 schools in Gyeongsangbukdo Province. The results of the study showed that 43% of groundwater and 45% of purified water were not suitable for drinking. Among them, microbial contaminations were the most serious problem. In raw groundwater, the exceeding rates of total colony counts was the highest in August (53.6%). Purified water samples showed higher rate of exceeding drinking water standard for total colony counts while showing lower rate of exceeding drinking water standard for total coliforms and fecal coliforms in March and August. Overall, proper managements for microbial contaminations are required for both groundwater and purified water. Furthermore, special attention should toward students not to drink water when groundwater or purified water exceeds the drinking water quality standard.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 1977

The distribution of coliform population and drug-resistant coliforms in Shinchun water during April to August in 1976 and R factors in resistant strains were studied. The mean coliform population in the stream water was 361 organisms per 0.1ml and 53.5% of total coliforms were fecal coliforms. Thritynine and a half percent of total coliforms were streptomycin (SM) resistant to one or more of following antibiotics; tetracycline (TC), chloramphenicol (CM), ampicillin (AP) and kanamycin (KM). The most frequent resistant pattern was triple resistance to SM, TC and AP (23.8%) and followed by quadruple one to SM, TC, CM and AP (17.5%). About 87 percent strains carried R factors which were transferable by conjugation to E. coli ML 1410 or S. typhimurium LT 2.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2010

이 연구는 2009년 1월부터 9월까지 총 4회(1월, 4월, 7월 9월) 사천만에서 해수와 표층퇴적물의 세균학적 이화학적 특성을 조사한 것이다. 조사기간 중에 수온은 $5.3{\sim}24.9^{\circ}C$(평균 $17.7{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C$), 투명도는 1.4~2.5m(평균 $1.8{\pm}0.5m$), 부유물질 농도는 16.2~35.8mg/L(평균 $24.2{\pm}2.2mg/L$), 화학적산소요구량 (COD)는 $1.42{\sim}3.29mgO_2/L$(평균 $2.06{\pm}0.55mgO_2/L$), 용존산소(DO)는 6.7~9.5mg/L(평균 $7.9{\pm}0.6mg/L$)로 각각 조사되었다. 대장균군과 분변계대장균의 검출 범위는 <1.8~7,900 MPN/100mL (GM 214.7 MPN/100mL)과 <1.8~330 MPN/ 100mL (GM 9.7 MPN/100mL)로 각각 나타났다. 대장균군은 시료의 75.0%, 분변계대장균은 57.1%가 각각 양성을 나타내었다. 대장균군에 대한 분변계대장균의 양성율은 76.2%로 나타났다. 조사기간 중에 사천만에서의 표층퇴적물의 수분함량, 강열감량, COD 및 AVS의 평균값은 $53.28{\pm}2.58%$, $9.38{\pm}0.42%$, $14.23{\pm}3.36mgO_2/g$, $0.09{\pm}0.07mgS/g$로 각각 조사되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.205-213
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• 1993

APHA-MPA(American Public Health Association-Most Probable Numbers)은 환경수중에 존재하는 위생지표세균 추정에 사용되는 미국 FDA의 유일한 공인방법이기는 하나 결과를 얻기까지 많은 시간, 인력 및 경비가 소요될 뿐 아니라 일반적으로 정밀도도 낮다는 결점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여 개발된 막여과 방법중 mTEC(membrane thermotolerant E. coli)은 분변계대장균 및 E. coli의 회수율이 좋을 뿐 아니라 경비도 절약할 수 있는 방법으로서 알려져 있어, 미국 Rhode Island주의 Greenwich Bay의 위생조사를 통하여 MPN과 비교하여 보았다. 그 결과 mTEC의 분변계 대장균 및 E. coli 회수율은 MPN보다 평균치로써 각각 1.08 및 1.27배 높게 나타나, MPN의 대체 방법으로서의 가능성이 확인되었으며, 따라서 이 방법이 앞으로 위생지표세균의 검출방법으로서 공인된다면 우리나라 수출용 패류생산 지정해역의 관리는 물론 패류양식장의 위생학적인 분류도 효율적으로 할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic (LAP) product supplementation on the blood profile, fecal noxious gas emission, and fecal shedding of lactic acid bacteria and coliform bacteria in healthy adult Beagle dogs. In total, 14 Beagle dogs with an average initial body weight of 10.19 ± 0.61 kg were randomly assigned into two dietary treatments,with and without LAP supplementation, for a 28-day feeding trial. At the end of the experiment, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the concentration of serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), blood lymphocyte percentage, fecal hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and total mercaptans (R.SH) emission, and fecal coliforms counts. However, the serum concentrations of the triglyceride and fecal ammonia (NH₃) emission of the LAP treatment were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the group compared with the CON dogs. Fecal total lactic acid bacteria counts were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the LAP treatment. In conclusion, the supplementation of LAP in Beagle dog diets could decrease the blood triglyceride level and enhance the gut Lactobacillus count which may have positive effects on dogs.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.367-375
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• 2010

이 연구는 통영항 내의 해수와 저질의 특성과 주변횟집의 수질의 품질 특성에 대하여 2008년 6월부터 2009년 5월까지 월 1회 조사를 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 통영항의 해양수온은 평균 $17.4{\pm}5.77^{\circ}C$, 투명도 평균 $1.9{\pm}0.46$ m, 부유물질 $36.7{\pm}5.00$ mg/L, COD $2.36{\pm}0.80$ mg/L, DO $6.67{\pm}1.54$ mg/L, 염분농도 $32.3{\pm}0.64$‰를 각각 나타내었다. 아질산 질소는 $0.010{\pm}0.005$ mg/L, 질산 질소 $0.050{\pm}0.011$ mg/L, 암모니아 질소 $0.030{\pm}0.007$ mg/L, 인산 인 $0.050{\pm}0.006$ mg/L로 각각 나타났으며, TBT는 검출한계 이하로 검출되었다. 통영항 해수 중의 total coliform은 조사기간 중 < 1.8~22,000 MPN/100 mL 범위에 기하학적 평균값이 164.9 MPN/100 mL이었고 230 MPN/l00 mL을 초과하는 비율은 39.6%를 나타내었다. fecal coliform은 < 1.8~7,900 MPN/100 mL 범위에 기하학적평균값은 33.7 MPN/100 mL, 43 MPN/100 mL을 초과하는 비율은 47.9%로 조사되었다. total coliform에 대한 fecal coliform 검출 비율은 69.2%로 나타났다. 통영항 해수 중의 비브리오는 6월부터 11월에 240주가 검출되었으며, V. alginolyticus가 82주로 34.2%를 차지하여 가장 많이 검출되었고, 그 밖에 parahaemolyticus가 13.8%, V. culnificus 10.0%, V. cholerae non-O1이 0%, V. mimicus 12.5%가 검출되었다. 저질 특성은 함수율이 $56.63{\pm}5.51$ %, 강열감량 $9.20{\pm}1.36$%, COD $7.64{\pm}1.13$ mg/g, AVS $0.07{\pm}0.02$mg/g으로 다른 해역에 비하여 다소 높게 나타났다. 중금속의 함량은 카드뮴(Cd)은 $0.10{\pm}0.05$, 구리(Cu) $4.79{\pm}8.20$, 비소(As) $1.95{\pm}0.17$, 수은(Hg) $0.10{\pm}0.07$, 납은 불검출, 6가크롬은 ($Cr^{6+}$) $0.34{\pm}0.12$, 아연 (Zn) $125.33{\pm}16.40$, 니켈(Ni) $16.34{\pm}1.93$ mg/kg을 나타내었다. 통영항 주변 횟집의 total coliform 및 fecal coliform은 횟집에 따라서 다소 차이가 있었지만 여름철에 주로 검출되었으며, 여름철 집중관리가 요구되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2014

Objective: This study was performed in order to investigate the distribution of antibiotic resistant E. coli and water quality in waterscape facilities. Methods: Nine waterscape facilities were selected and classified into three types: ground, wall and general fountain. The items analyzed in this study were pH, turbidity, $KMnO_4$ consumption, total colony, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and E. coli. Additionally, an antibiotic resistance test on E. coli was performed. Results: There were no sampling sites that exceeded the permitted limits of water quality, but the concentration of pollutants was high at the beginning operation in June. Moreover, concentration of turbidity, $KMnO_4$ consumption and total colony were higher in ground fountains than in wall and general fountains. Five species of antibiotic resistant E. coli were detected from three sampling sites. Conclusions: The waterscape facilities were significantly contaminated with water microorganisms, especially total colony, total coliforms and fecal coliforms. Disinfection and filtration systems to remove pollutants should be installed for safe waterscape facilities.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2012

본 연구는 2010년 1월부터 4월까지 제주도 제주시 해안가에 위치한 21곳의 용천수를 대상으로 하여 미생물학적 오염도를 조사하였다. 용천수의 이화학적 분석 및 수질환경기준에 포함되는 병원성 미생물외에 식중독 유발 및 인체에 유해한 식품병원성 미생물 중 총대장균군수, 분원성대장균, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus를 조사하였다. 이화학적 검사 결과 용천수의 평균 수온 값은 $15.4{\pm}0.63^{\circ}C$를 나타냈으며, 염분농도의 평균값은 $1.6{\pm}3.01$‰, pH 조사결과 $7.86{\pm}0.43$로 전반적으로 pH 7~8 범위안의 조사결과를 얻었으며, 용존산소량(DO)은 조사결과 $6.06{\pm}1.86$ mg/l로 대부분의 지점에서 평균 6~7 mg/ml의 용존산소량을 보였다. 용천수의 미생물학적 검사 결과 전체 정점별로 총대장균군 범위는 <1.8->1,600 MPN/100 ml로 조사되었으며, 분변계대장균의 경우 <1.8->1,600 MPN/100 ml를 나타냈다. 분변계대장균수의 범위를 정점별 평균값을 살펴보면 용천수 정점 1번, 2번, 10번, 11번을 제외한 모든 정점에서 기하평균치가 14 MPN/100 ml 이상의 평균값을 나타냈으며, 그중 3번, 16번 정점에서 기하평균치값 100 MPN/100 ml 이상의 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 조사한 21곳의 용천수에서 E. coli O157:H7은 검출되지 않았다.