• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2000

The Korean character recognition technology for user interface in multimedia terminal requires fast processing time and high recognition rate. In this paper, we propose an phoneme and character recognition technology which uses characteristic information of korean and features of input strokes, i.e, feature point, feature vector, virtual vector, position relation between strokes. And, a recognition both phoneme and character by the various writing types of users uses korean database. The Korean database has been constructed by the characteristic information of korean and phoneme models which have various stroke information. Also, we use successive processing by the position relation between strokes and backtracking processing by the modification processing of stroke numbers which composed of each phoneme. This method reduces the complex processing of phoneme separation. The proposed on-line korean character recognition system has obtained 13msec average character processing time and correct recognition rate more than $95{\%}$ In a recognition experiment, where we tested 600 characters written by 10 people among 1,200 words.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.149-159
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we propose a blind watermarking algorithm of 3d mesh model using spherical parameterization. Spherical parameterization is a useful method which is applicable to 3D data processing. Especially, orthogonal coordinate can not analyse the feature of the vertex coordination of the 3D mesh model, but this is possible to analyse and process. In this paper, the centroid center of the 3D model was set to the origin of the spherical coordinate, the orthogonal coordinate system was transformed to the spherical coordinate system, and then the spherical parameterization was applied. The watermark was embedded via addition/modification of the vertex after the feature analysis of the geometrical information and topological information. This algorithm is robust against to the typical geometrical attacks such as translation, scaling and rotation. It is also robust to the mesh reordering, file format change, mesh simplification, and smoothing. In this case, the this algorithm can extract the watermark information about $90{\sim}98%$ from the attacked model. This means it can be applicable to the game, virtual reality and rapid prototyping fields.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2023

In this paper, we analyze the structure of TV video software, one of the warship combat management system software, and propose a standard architecture that minimizes software modification due to the discontinuation replacement of warship hardware. The class structure was newly designed to minimize the class modified when replacing the warship hardware by separating the variable elements and common elements of TV video software through FORM(Feature-Oriented Reuse Method), the common part that communicates with the warship combat management system and displays the TV screen and the variable part that communicates between the operator and the TV camera. In addition, the Strategy design pattern is applied to efficiently add and modify classes that directly use hardware-dependent APIs when replacing hardware discontinuation, and to make both discontinued and replacements available software. Finally, the reliability testing time and functional testing time of the existing TV video software and the proposed software were measured and compared, and finally, it was confirmed that the hardware discontinuation replacement cost was reduced.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2011

Epigenetic regulation is a phenomenon that changes the gene function without changing the underlying DNA sequences. Epigenetic status of chromosome is regulated by mechanisms such as histone modification, DNA modification, and RNAi silencing. In this review, we focused on histone methylation for epigenetic regulation in ES cells. Two antagonizing multiprotein complexes regulate methylation of histones to guide expression of genes in ES cells. The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), including EED, EZH2, and SUZ12 as core factors, contributes to gene repression by increasing trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3). In contrast, the Trithorax group (TrxG) complex including MLL is related to gene activation by making H3K4me3. PRC2 and TrxG accompany a variety of accessory proteins. Most prominent feature of epigenetic regulation in ES cells is a bivalent state in which H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 appear simultaneously. Concerted regulation of PRC2, TrxG complex, and H3K4- or H3K27-specific demethylases activate expression of pluripotency-related genes and suppress development-related genes in ES cells. Modified balance of the regulators also enables ES cells to efficiently differentiate to a variety of cells upon differentiating signals. More detailed insights on the epigenetic regulators and their action will lead us to better understanding and use of ES cells for future application.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.155-159
• /
• 2009

In vitro intestinal uptake of non-soluble polystyrene microspheres (NPMS) was visualized with and without oleic acid using a fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescent polystyrene latex microspheres with 1${\mu}$m larger size were used as models for nonspecifically absorbed nonbiodegradable particulates. The NPMS could not penetrate the enterocytes but a few NPMS could be penetrated via Peyer's patches. When the oleic acid was mixed with NPMS, the transporting efficiency of NPMS through enterocytes as well as Peyer's patches was significantly enhanced. The modification of the intestinal membrane permeability and surface feature of the NPMS in the presence of oleic acid might be a clue to the transport of NSPM although the detailed mechanism is still under investigation.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.421-438
• /
• 2002

Abstraction of geographic data within a spatial database context must deal with geometrical simplification, modification or maintenance of the integrity of features, spatial and aspatial data, topology within class, and relationships between classes. This research is to propose a method to abstract a spatial database into a high level database. This study refines operators to carry out the modifications required by the abstraction process in the spatial database. Then, a set of operator sequences (workflows) is suggested to specify operators required to abstract a given feature class and to arrange them in order. Finally, a prototype system is developed, based on rule management with a graphic user interface. When the abstraction process is implemented sequentially we demonstrate that a preferential ordering of operations improves efficiency and reduces loss and distortion in the information.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.64 no.6
• /
• pp.864-871
• /
• 2015

Recently, one of the main research on the power distribution system is the microgrid. The microgrid is a combination of power sources and loads, which is controllable and has separable connection. The main objective of microgrid is the deployment of the renewable clean energy and the enhancement of load-side reliability. The modern power sources and loads have DC I/O interfaces, which is the major advantage of DC microgrid compared to the conventional AC grid. The components in the microgrid have diverse features, so there is need of proper coordination control. For achieving economic feature, the active power of renewable energy resources is regarded as major control parameter and the whole operation modes of DC microgrid are defined, and the proper operations of each component are described. From the inherent characteristics of DC, there are two control variables: voltage and active power. Through analysis of operation modes, it is possible to determine exact control objectives and optimized voltage & power control strategy in each mode. Because of consideration of whole operation modes, regardless of the number and capacity of components, this coordination control method can be used without modification. This paper defines operation mode of DC microgrid with several DC sources and suggests economic and efficient coordinated control methods. Simulation with PSCAD proves effectiveness.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2010

Marcel Wanders, one of the greatest designers in the world of contemporary design, was born in the Netherlands. His works run the gamut from interior design to furniture design to lighting design, building a unique world of works. He started to gain fame when he presented "Knotted Chair" at Droog Design in 1996, which was made out of aramid ropes and later became his symbol. In 2000, he established "moooi," a world-renowned design label. By giving characteristic qualities, his works are given meaning, and like a fantastical dream, their images are extremely fantastical and stimulating. As can be seen in his character cover, he puts emphasis on the harmony between minimalism and decoration, establishing his own unique design concept. In this thesis, based on Marcel Wander's design philosophy, his overall design characteristics were classified into theatrical effects and storytelling. Expressive elements depaysement, eclectic mixture, and scale modification were derived from theatrical effects and analyzed; for storytelling, object, semantic cues, and dream and fantasy were derived and analyzed. A distinguishing feature of such analysis is his meaning-centric design approach, the principle by which to form long-term relationships with the users by creating user-centric designs that make them find meaning and values in diverse experiences in their daily routine, giving them familiar yet unique experience.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.299-302
• /
• 2013

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) has been reported to be associated with DNA methylation, an epigenetic feature frequently found in gastric cancer. We conducted a case-control study to explore the association of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms with gastric cancer risk and its relation with the DNA methylation of COX-2, MGMT, and hMLH1 genes. Genotyping of P16, MGMT and HMLH1 was determined by methylation-specific PCR after sodium bisulfate modification of DNA, and genotyping of MTHFR C677T was conducted by TaqMan assays using the ABI Prism 7911HT Sequence Detection System. Folate intake was calculated with the aid of a questionnaire. Compared with the MTHFR 677CC genotype, the TT genotype was significantly associated with 2.08 fold risk of gastric cancer when adjusting for potential risk factors. Individuals who had an intake of folate above $310{\mu}g$/day showed protective effects against gastric cancer risk. The effect of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms on the risk of gastric cancer was modified by folate intake and methylation status of MGMT (P for interaction <0.05).

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.265-273
• /
• 2018

Tau protein is encoded in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene and contributes to the stability of microtubules in axons. Despite of its basic isoelectric point and high solubility, tau is often found in intraneuronal filamentous inclusions such as paired helical filaments (PHFs), which are the primary constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). This pathological feature is the nosological entity termed "tauopathies" which notably include Alzheimer's disease (AD). A proteinaceous signature of all tauopathies is hyperphosphorylation of the accumulated tau, which has been extensively studied as a major pharmacological target for AD therapy. However, in addition to phosphorylation events, tau undergoes a number of diverse posttranslational modifications (PTMs) which appear to be controlled by complex crosstalk. It remains to be elucidated which of the PTMs or their combinations have pro-aggregation or anti-aggregation properties. In this review, we outline the consequences of and communications between several key PTMs of tau, such as acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, focusing on their roles in aggregation and degradation. We place emphasis on the structure of tau protofilaments from the human AD brain, which may be good targets to modulate etiological PTMs which cause tau aggregation.