• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1121-1129
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• 1998

The critical role of folate vitamin in the remethylation pathway for methionine synthesis from homocysteine has been well documented. Hyperhomocysteinemia resulting from inadequate folate nutrition has been implicated in increased incidence of macrovascular diseases, colorectal cancer, neural tube defects, etc. Chronic exposure to ethanol impairs folate nutrition and one-carbon metabolism in the liver, which often results in fatty liver due to a defective remethylation process. This study was carried out to investigate the chronic effects of moderate levels of alcohol and dietary 131ate on plasma homocysteine levels, and on histopathology and biochemical functions of the liver Rats were raised on experimental diets with three levels of folate(0, 2, 8mg/kg diet), and 50% ethanol(1.8m1/kg body weight) was administered intragastrically by intubation tubes three times a week for 10 weeks. Plasma homocysteine concentrations were found to be significantly influenced by dietary folate intake and alcohol administration. Among all treatment groups, Plasma homocysteine levels were highest in the animals receiving a combined treatment of folate deficient diet and alcohol administration. Plasma homocysteine concentration was negatively correlated with folate concentration in the plasma(p<0.01) and liver(p<0.05). Among alcohol treated rats, increase in plasma homocysteine values due to ethanol was prevented by 131ate supplementation. When liver histological tests were performed, macrovascular and microvascular fatty changes and spotted necrosis were observed more frequently in folate-deficient animals diet than those on folate-adequate and folate-supplemented diets in alcohol-treated rats. These results indicate that folate supplementation above the recommended level might be beneficial in the prevention of alcohol-related hyperhomocystei-nemia and abnormal histologic changes in the liver due. (Korean J Nutrition 31(7) : l121-l129, 1998)

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2014

The effects of aloe on liver function and lipid metabolic disorders induced by alcohol consumption were studied in rats using aloe power (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%) and 10% ethanol. 35 Sprague-Dawley (male, 4 weeks old) rats were divided into five groups and fed experimental diets for six weeks. Body weights of rats tended to be lower in all alcohol supplemented groups than in the control. Food intakes and dry feces per day were significantly lower in all alcohol supplemented groups than in the control. Atherogenic indices (AI) were highest in the alcohol group and decreased in proportion with aloe amount. Serum triglyceride level was significantly higher in the alcohol group than in the control, but tended to be lower in the aloe supplemented groups. In relation to liver function, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities tended to be higher in the alcohol groups than in the control, but lower in the aloe groups, especially in the alcohol+0.5% AO group. The levels of liver cholesterol were significantly lower in the alcohol group than in the control and aloe supplemented groups. In the histochemical evaluation, fat droplets appeared extensively on the liver-lobule in the alcohol group, whereas they decreased slightly in the alcohol+0.25% AO group and apparently disappeared in the alcohol +0.5% AO. On the other hand, fat droplets appeared again on the liver-lobule in the alcohol+1% AO group, but were reduced compared with the alcohol group. Regarding the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue triglycerides, the level of linoleic acid (18:2) was significantly higher in the aloe supplemented group. Regarding the fatty acid composition of liver phosphatidylcholine (PC), the level of linoleic acid was higher in the alcohol group and alcohol+1% AO group than the other groups. In contrast, the level of arachidonic acid was significantly lower in the alcohol group. As a result, arachidonic / linoleic acid ratios were significantly lower in the alcohol group compared to the control group, whereas the ratios of the aloe supplemented groups were similar to that of the control group. Therefore, aloe had some beneficial effects on lipid metabolic disorders induced by alcohol and affected desaturation of fatty acids.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.315-319
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• 1997

본 연구는 역상 액체 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 비이온 계면활성제의 propylene oxide 분포 및 고급 지방 알콜의 최적 분석 조건을 조사하였다. Propylene oxide 분포 및 지방 알콜의 탄소 길이를 분석하기 위해 UV 검출기를 사용할 수 있도록 유도체화 시켰으며 최적 분리 조건을 얻기 위해 분리관의 영향과 이동상의 조성 등을 실험하였다. 분리관은 Waters Symmetry $C_8(3.9{\times}150mm)$을 사용하였고 이동상은 methanol과 물을 이용한 기울기 용리에 의한 분석이 최적 조건이었다. 그리고 이들의 용리 거동은 log k'와 물의 부피 분율을 도시한 결과 좋은 직선성을 얻었고 고급 알콜의 정량성을 알아보기 위하여 검량선을 도시한 결과 직선성이 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 1995

국화과 식물인 산씀바귀(Lactuca raddeana)를 식물화학적 방법에 의하여 연구한 바 primaylong chain alcohol인 1-hexacosanol과 1-tetracosa not을, triterpene acetate로 ${\beta}-amyrin\;acetate,\;{\alpha}-amyrin acetate$, lupeol acetate, pseudotaraxasterol acetate, taraxasterol acetate 및 germanicol acetate등을, fatty acyl triterpene은 이들의 구성 triter pone alcohol이 triterpone acetate의 경우와 같았으며 acyl moiety는 myristate, palmitate, stearate및 arachidate로 각각 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.84-88
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• 1998

밤꿀과 밤꽃 향기성분의 연관성을 조사코자 밤꿀은 용매추출과 수증기 증류법을 병행하여, 그리고 밤꽃은 수증기 증류법에 의해 향기성분을 분리한 다음 GC, GC-MS에 의해 확인 비교하였다. 밤꽃으로 부터 14종의 방향족 화합물, 13종의 탄화수소류, 7 종의 지방산류, 4종의 테르펜류, 12종의 함산소 탄화수소류, 7종의 기타 성분 등 64종의 성분이 확인되었고, 밤꿀로 부터는 7종의 방향족화합물, 16종의 탄화수소류, 12종의 지방산류, 1종의 테르펜류, 2종의 함산소 탄화수소류, 3종의 기타 성분 등 41종이 확인되었다. 밤꽃 향기의 주요성분으로는 전체 향기의 49.02%를 차지하고 있는 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol, 1-phenyl ethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol 등이 주를 이루었고 밤꿀 향기의 특징적인 성분으로는 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 1-phenyl ethyl alcohol, 1-(2-aminophenyl) ethanone 등이었다.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2011

In these days, according to increased environmental regulations, to reduce the VOC content in paints and inks efforts are now in progress. A lot of research have progressed hydrocarbon solvents substitute with vegetable oil or ester in the printing ink but it is restricted to use vegetable oil in the inks because of high molecular weight and viscosity. Oil ester currently developed for printing inks still have some drawbacks, but overall the printability and print quality when using ester than hydrocarbon solvents are showing good results. Thus, in this paper, I studied about the properties variation of the varnish and inks according to vegetable ester, after I reacted vegetable ester using the vegetable fatty acid and ethyl alcohol, butyl alcohol. The compared in order of average molecular weight by the GPC method, rheological properties were found by rotational rheometer, and emulsion behavior were compared by high speed emulsification tester.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.38-45
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• 1974

Sulfur had been used for the medical fields as fungacidal bacteriocides and gelatolytic agent from ancient B. C 700, their prepartiones contained the sulfur are restrict to freely medication, the restrutive reasones are the it's preparation stabilized sparing solubility, and limit to pharmaceutical development of colloidal sulfur-self. Anthors prepared white lotion, registered on U.S.P XIII from the colloidal sulfur, by the method midified buku zawa make the stabilized lotion by the various fatty alkyl sulfates, and the result obtained are as follows the suspending agents for stabilize to the colloidal sulfur are the fatty alcohol sulfates than natural clay on the imbibition appeareuce and usefulnss. The adequate quantities of stearic acid in lotion base are $1.5{\sim}2.0$ percent for refluidity and pourability. The carbon numbers in alkyl radical used fatty alcohol sulfates as anionic surfactants are maxture of $12{\sim}18$ about efficiency, as possible as, the electrolyte is removed from the white lotion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1546-1552
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• 2012

A feeding experiment with 40 lactating Holstein cows and 4 dietary treatments was conducted to investigate supplementation with different levels of alcohol fermented feed to the TMR on lactating performance, blood metabolites, milk fatty acid profile and cholesterol concentration of blood and milk. Forty Holstein lactating cows ($106{\pm}24$ d post-partum; mean${\pm}$SD) were distributed into four groups and randomly assigned to one of four treatments with each containing 10 cows per treatment. The treatment supplemented with TMR (DM basis) as the control (CON), and CON mixed with alcohol-fermented feeds (AFF) at a level of 5%, 10% and 15% of the TMR as T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by supplementation of AFF. An increased 4% FCM in the milk occurred in cows fed T3 diet compared with CON, while T1 and T2 diets decreased 4% FCM in a dose dependent manner. Supplementation of AFF increased the concentration of albumin, total protein (TP), ammonia, and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in serum compared with CON. In contrast, supplementation with AFF clearly decreased concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and total cholesterol (TC) compare with CON. AFF supplementation increased the proportion of C18:1n9 and C18:2n6 compared to CON. A decrease in the concentration of saturated fatty acid (SFA) for T1, T2 and T3 resulted in an increased unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) to SFA ratio compared to CON. Concentration of cholesterol in milk fat was reduced in proportion to the supplemental level of AFF. Feeding a diet supplemented with a moderate level AFF to lactating cows could be a way to alter the feed efficiency and fatty acid profile of milk by increasing potentially human consumer healthy fatty acid without detrimental effects on feed intake and milk production. A substantially decreased cholesterol proportion in milk induced by supplementation AFF suggests that alcohol fermented feed may improve milk cholesterol levels without any negative effects in lactating cows.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.409-414
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• 1978

숭어 난유(卵油)의 지질조성(脂質組成)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 보면 다음과 같다. 1 숭어의 각조직(各組織)의 지질성분(脂質成分)은 상이(相異)하였다. 즉 근육(筋肉), 난(卵) 및 간(肝)에서 추출(抽出)한 지질주요성분(脂質主要成分)은 각각(各各) triglyceride, wax ester, 유리지방산(遊離脂肪酸)였다. 2. 숭어난(卵)의 지질함량(脂質含量)은 약(約) 20.5%였고, 그 지질(脂質)의 요-드가(價)는 118, 불감화물의 양(量)은 38.7%였다. 3. 숭어난유(卵油)의 중요지질조성(重要脂質組成)은 wax ester가 59.1%로 제일 많았고, 다음이 극성지질(極性脂質)로 26.9%, 그 다음이 triglyceride로 9.0%였으며, Sterol은 3.0%였다. 4. Wax ester의 중요(重要)한 지방산조성(脂肪酸組成)을 보면 palmitic acid가 47.5%로 제일 많았으며, 그 다음이 oleic acid로 23.0%, hexadecatrienoic acid가 6.5%, eicosapentaenoic acid가 4.0%였다. 또 triglyceride의 조성(組成)을 보면 palmitoleic acid가 25.1%, oleic acid가 16.7%, palmitic acid가 16.3%, eicosamonoenoic가 7.9%, stearic acid가 5.5%였다. 극성지질(極性脂質)의 경우는 palmitic acid가 35.0%, oleic acid가 24.7%, palmitoleic acid가 6.1%, eicosapentaenoic acid가 5.3%였다. 5. Wax ester의 중요(重要)한 alcohal은 cetyl alcohol(C16:0)가 51.0%로 제일 많았고. 그 다음이 palmitoleyl alcohol(C16:1)로 18.2%, 그 다음이 oleyl alcohol (C18:1)로 10.7%였다. 또 C15:0, C15:1, C17:0, C17:1, C19:1과 같은 기수탄소(奇數炭素) alcohol가 상당량(相當量) 발견(發見)되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.496-498
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• 1996

Fatty alcohol ethers, nonionic surfactants which are used as general purpose emulsifiers were separated by use of water-modified carbon dioxide mobile phase in capillary supercritical fluid chromatography. Much greater peak intensities and improved separation were observed in the chromatogram with on-line modified mobile phase than with pure CO2. A simple method for the preparation of on-line modified mobile phase is also introduced.