• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fatty acids, volatile

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Quality Properties and Flavor-Related Components of Beef Longissimus Lumborum Muscle from Four Korean Native Cattle Breeds

  • Van-Ba Hoa;Dong-Gyun Kim;Dong-Heon Song;Ji-Hun Ko;Hyun-Wook Kim;In-Seon Bae;Yun-Seok Kim;Soo-Hyun Cho
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.832-848
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    • 2024
  • This study was carried out to assess the quality properties, components associated with taste and aroma of beef as a function of breed. For this purpose, steers from four Korean native cattle breeds: Hanwoo (n=10), Chikso (n=10), black Hanwoo (n=12, BHW) and Jeju black cattle (n=12, JBC) were used. The steers all were raised under identical conditions and finished at a similar age of around 30-months old. Following 24 h of slaughter, all longissimus lumborum muscles were collected and used for analysis of meat quality, fatty acids, and flavor-related components (metabolic compounds, free amino acids, and aroma volatiles). The Hanwoo presented a significantly higher intramuscular fat content (IMF, 22.85%) than the BHW (11.78%), Chikso (9.25%), and JBC (9.14%; p<0.05). The meat of Hanwoo breed showed lighter and redder color, and lower shear force value (p<0.05). The JBC presented a "healthier" fatty acid profiles as it had a higher total unsaturated fatty acids content (p<0.05). With regard to flavorrelated components, Hanwoo also had higher total contents of free amino acids and metabolites associated with umami and sweet tastes, and fat-derived volatile compounds (aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones) associated with fatty aroma. It may be concluded that there was a considerable difference in the meat quality properties among breeds. The variations of IMF content and flavor-related components may be the main factors contributing to the typical flavors of beef among the four Korean native cattle breeds.

Isolation and Identification of Fatty Acid and Volatile Compounds from Tuna Fish Oil with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 참치안구유로부터 지방산 및 휘발성 성분의 분리 동정)

  • Roh, Hyung-Seob;Youn, Hyun-Seok;Park, Ji-Yeon;Sin, Sang-Kyu;Lee, Min-Kyung;Back, Sung-Sin;Chun, Byung-Soo
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.105-118
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    • 2006
  • Isolation and Identification of fatty acid and volatile compounds in tuna fish oil were successfully carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide. Samples of the oil were extracted in a 56 ml semi-batch stainless steel vessel under conditions which ranged from 80 to 200 bar and 40 to $60^{\circ}C$ with carbon dioxide flows from 10 ml/min. Volatiles in the oil extracted from the samples with supercritical carbon dioxide were analyzed by gas chromatography, mass detector with canister system. The extracts were contained with various fatty acids, 57.0% of unsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), and 43.0% of saturated fatty acids. The aroma compounds in the oil showed over 129 peaks, of which 100 compounds were identified. Volatile components included 2,4-hepatadienal(fishy), dimethyldisulfide (unpleasant), dimethyltrisulfide (unpleasant) and 2-nonenal(fatty). The isolation efficiency of the volatile compounds from the samples was 99.4% at $50^{\circ}C$ and 200 bar.

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Changes in Quality Attributes of Sigumjang with Fermentation (시금장 발효기간에 따른 품질 변화)

  • Choi, Ung-Kyu;Kwon, O-Jun;Son, Dong-Hwa;Cha, Won-Seop;Cho, Young-Je;Lee, Suk-Il;Yang, Sung-Ho;Chung, Yung-Gun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2001
  • The various components of sigumjang were analyzed according to fermentation time. Aerobic bacteria were increased with fermentation time. Yeasts and molds were increased until 3 days after fermentation and then not changed. Six free sugars, 3 volatile organic acids and 6 non-volatile organic acids were detected. The content of free amino acids was $1,407.9{\sim}3,053.9\;mg%$. Glutamic acid was most abundant component among the amino acids, followed by phenylalanine, arginine and valine. The ratio of essential amino acid was $34.4{\sim}37.0\;mg%$. The content of mineral was $12,966.7{\sim}13,864.5\;mg%$. Potassium was the most abundant in quantity among the minerals in sigumjang except sodium which was added artificially. The principal fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was $76.3{\pm}1.1%$. As a result of sensory evaluation, the highest score was obtained 3 to 5 days after fermentation.

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Fatty acid profiles and flavour-related compounds of retorted Korean ginseng chicken soup (Samgyetang) affected by pre-treated black garlic extract

  • Barido, Farouq Heidar;Utama, Dicky Tri;Kim, Yeong Jong;Lee, Sung Ki
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.35 no.7
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    • pp.1080-1090
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    • 2022
  • Objective: This study aimed to characterize the effect of pre-treated black garlic (BG) extracts addition into retorted Korean ginseng chicken soup (Samgyetang) on the fatty acid composition and flavour-related indexes. Methods: Four different treatments; Samgyetang made with a 5% (w/w) addition of garlic (G), fresh BG (FBG), oven-dried BG (DBG), or encapsulated BG (EBG) extracts were developed and compared to negative control (NC) without any extract addition. Prepared samples were cooked via retorting at 121.1℃, 1.5 kgf/cm2 for 1 h. Results: The BG treated samples were higher in C18:3n3 and C18:2n6 fatty acids, with thrombogenic index was 18% to 20% lower than the NC. EBG yielded the highest umami-related nucleotides (5'-guanosine monophosphate and 5'-inosine monophosphate) and modified some free amino acid (alyne, phenylalanine and leucine) thus possessed the highest equivalent umami concentration among samples. Some individual aldehydes (pentanal, hexanal, and heptanal) were lower, while furans and volatile sulfur compounds were higher than the NC and G treatment group, indicating a potential suppression of unpleasant flavour alongwith the intensificiation of favourable flavour from the addition of BG extracts into retorted Samgyetang. Conclusion: Taken together, the synergistic results of this study indicate that incorportating suitable pre-treatment of BG extract could be of critical importance for the development of the retorted Samgyetang with improved flavour and functionalities.

A study of analytical method for volatile fatty acids (VFA) by cryogenic trapping-thermal desorption (CT-TD) technique (저온농축열탈착 시스템을 연계한 유기지방산의 분석법 평가 및 검토)

  • Ahn, Ji-Won;Kim, Ki-Hyun;Im, Moon-Soon;Ju, Do-Weon
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.200-211
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    • 2011
  • In this study, 13 compounds including four volatile fatty acids (VFA) and nine volatile organic compounds (VOC) were analyzed by cryogenic trapping-thermal desorption technique. In order to evaluate the analytical method for VFA, calibration experiments were performed using five different sorbent materials. When the calibration results are compared between different sorbents, sampling tube filled with Carbopack X showed the highest response factor (RF) for both VFA and VOC. To validate this new analytical method for VFA using cryogenic trapping-thermal desorption technique, this method was compared with alkali absorption method recommended by the odor prevention law of the Korea Ministry of Environment (KMOE). For this purpose, unknown samples were analyzed by two different methods, i.e., cryogenic trapping-thermal desorption (TD) and alkali absorption with solid phase microextraction (SPME). When the results of two different methods were compared, ratios of concentrations determined by the two analytical methods (TD/SPME) was found as 0.46 (valeric acid) ~ 0.71 (isovaleric acid). Therefore, additional study is required to properly establish and find stable analytical conditions for VFA analysis. Furthermore, comparison between two different methods should be made with more reliable calibration approaches.

Physicochemical Comparison of Two Different Shark Meats Used for Preparation of Dombaeki (돔배기용 상어육의 이화학적 성분 비교)

  • Kim, Eun-Ok;Yu, Myeong-Hwa;Lee, Ki-Teak;Kim, Seon-Bong;Choi, Sang-Won
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.711-718
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    • 2008
  • Dombaeki, a traditional salted shark meat, has been widely used as a customary religious food in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk area of Korea. Two different sharks, Sphyrna zygaena (SZ) and Isurus oxyrinchus (IO) are traditionally used to prepare Dombaeki. Chemical components, lipid classes, fatty acid levels, and sterol compositions of meats prepared from the two sharks were investigated. There were no significant differences in chemical composition between the two dried shark meats. Major amino acids in shark meat were leucine, lysine, arginine, proline, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and asparagine, which together accounted for about 40% of total amino acids. Levels of amino acids in IO meat were higher than in SZ meat. Major fatty acids in the two shark meats were palmitic ($C_{16:0}$), stearic ($C_{18:0}$), oleic ($C_{18:1}$), arachidonic ($C_{20:4}$), and docosahexanoic (DHA, $C_{22:6}$) acids, which accounted for about 80% of total fatty acids. Notably, IO meat showed higher amounts of DHA (31.8%) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA, 1.8%) than did SZ meat. The two shark meats showed similar dry weight levels of total lipids, with triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, sterols, and phospholipidscomprising on average 5.0, 2.0, 13.0 and 63.0% of total lipids, respectively. The dominant classes of phospholipids were mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PC content in the two shark meats was higher than that of PE, although the differencewas not great. The major fatty acids in phospholipids were myristic, palmitoleic, stearic, and docosanoic acids. Total volatile basic nitrogen content and the pH of SZ meat were lower than those of IO meat, whereas the Hunter's 'a' and 'b' values of SZ meat were higher than those of IO meat. These results suggest that shark meat may be useful as a functional food to prevent several degenerative diseases.

Volatile Flavor Components of Korean Sancho Fruit and Tree(Zanthoxylum schinfolium) (한국산 산초열매와 나무의 휘발성 향기성분)

  • 이종원
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.493-498
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    • 1998
  • An attempt was in this to analyzer volatile flavor components of sancho(Zanthoxylum schinfolium). Essential oils in sancho tree and fruit isolated by a simulataneous steam distillation (SDE) methods using n-pentane/diethyl ether as solvent. A total of 57 and 44 components were identified by gas chromatography(GC) and combined gas chromatography spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Granyl acetate(29.23%) geraniol (6.80%, p-isopropyl-2-chclohexenone(5.53%), phellandral (4.10%) in sancho fruit and 4, 6, 6-trimethyl-bicyclo(7.47%), T-carvelo(4.60%, ${\alpha}$-cypernone(3.58%) in sancho tree were found to be major volatile flavor. 22 compnents including myrcene, limonene, 1, 8-cinol in sancho fruit and 10 components including 4-(1-methylethyl)-cyclohexanol, methyl undecyl ketone in sancho tree were identified. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids of palmitic acid(24.34%), myristic acid(3,68%) in sancho tree was higher than that of the sancho fruit.

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Analysis of Headspace Volatile Compounds in Cold-stored and Freeze-dried Krill Eupausia superba

  • Park, Jin-Yong;Kim, Ye-Joo;Lee, Yang-Bong
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.189-195
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    • 2014
  • Headspace volatile compounds of cold-stored and freeze-dried Krill Eupausia superba were analyzed to investigate their flavor qualities using a system combining a dynamic headspace isolator, an automatic thermal desorber, and a gas chromatograph-mass-selective detector. Levels of oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, which are known to give seafood a nasty smell because of their low flavor threshold values, increased during cold storage of krill. Notably, levels of 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal and 2-butanone increased during its storage. They can be considered index compounds of off-odor according to freshness degradation during storage. By contrast, in freeze-dried krill powder, levels of aldehydes, ketones, and aromatic compounds decreased rapidly. Only alcohols, which did not greatly affect the food flavor, were isolated in large amounts. It was confirmed that levels of oxidized compounds of krill increased during cold storage, but decreased in freeze-dried krill.

Studies on the Volatile Fatty Acids and Carbon Dioxide Producted in Different Kimchis (김치의 휘발성(揮發性) 유기산(有機酸)과 이산화탄소에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Chyun, Jong-Hee;Lee, Hei-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.90-94
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    • 1976
  • The amounts of volatile fatty acid and carbon dioxide of different salt Kimchis (1.02% NaCl, 3.16% NaCl) and Kimchis fermented at different temperature were determined. After the extraction of the acids with 80% ethanol it was steam-distillated. Identification and quantitative determination of individual acids were performed by gas chromatography and paper chromatography. Carbon dioxide contents were measured by microdiffusion method. Formic and acetic acid were found in four Kimchis. The acetic acid content of 1.02% NaCl Kimchi and Kimchi fermented at $4-5^{\circ}C$ were very high and their carbon dioxide contents were also high. Fifteen taste panels scored 1.02% NaCl Kimchi higher than 3.16% NaCl Kimchi and Kimchi fermented at $4-5^{\circ}C$ higher than Kimchi fermented at $20-22^{\circ}C$. It is assumed that large amounts of acetic acid and carbon dioxide make Kimchi flavorful.

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Chemical Composition of Petals of Chrysanthemum spp.

  • Park, Nan-Yong;Kwon, Jong-Ho
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.304-309
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    • 1997
  • Chemical compositions of petals of Chrysanthemum spp. were determined to renew its interest as a food material. The moisture contents of wild Chrysanthemum boreale and holticulturized Chrysanthemum morifolium were 11.7% and 11.0%. The proximate chemical ompositions were 6.1% and 11.7% in protein, 3.7% and 5.2% in ash, 11.1% and 12.8% in reducing sugar, of C. boreale and C. morifolium, respectively. Free sugars were mainly composed of fructose, glucose and sucrose. In fatty acid composition, the ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids were 1.2:1 and 3.0:1, respectively. The amino acids determined were found 0.18 and 0.26 in the ratio of essential to total amino acids in each sample. Major elements of Chrysanthemum petals were Ca, K, Fe, Mg and Na, but the contents of Ca and Fe were more than twice higher in C. boreale than c. morifolium, Major volatile flavor components were 28.22% of epi-bicyclophellandrene and 24.55% of camphor in C. boreale, and 14.24% of 4-methyl-1-(10methylethyl)-3-cyclhexen-1-ol, 10.74% of camphor and 7.64% of 1,8-cineol in C. morifolium.

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