• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2023

Purpose : Energy bars are increasingly popular among active individuals, yet their timing and nutrient combinations' impact on exercise adaptation remains unclear. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by investigating whether the combination of pre- and post-workout supplementation can synergistically enhance fitness and alleviate fatigue in trained CrossFit participants. Investigate if combining pre- and post-workout supplements can enhance fitness and blood lactate management in trained CrossFit participants, potentially improving exercise performance for this group. Methods : In a randomized crossover study, 20 trained CrossFit individuals (11 males, 9 females) completed thrice-weekly 60-minute CrossFit sessions for 3 weeks, with a one-week washout period. Participants were randomly assigned to either a chocolate bar group (CH, 45 g, 225 kcal) or an energy bar group (ES, 48 g, 238 kcal, with protein, caffeine, taurine, and BCAAs). For one week, participants consumed two bars of their assigned supplement five minutes before and after workouts. After a washout period, they switched supplements. Blood lactate levels and a visual analog scale (VAS) were assessed before, immediately after, and 30 minutes post-workout. Fitness tests (hand grip, broad jump, sit-ups) were conducted at baseline and 30 minutes post-final workout. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA (p<.05), 95 % confidence intervals, and magnitude inferences. Results : Hand grip strength (t=-5.60, p=.000), broad jump (t=-3.43, p=.003) and sit up (t=-3.94, p=.001) were significantly increased in the ES group. Compared to CH group, there was a significant time and group interactions for blood lactate level (F=5.51, p=.008) and VAS(F=31.67, p=.000) in the ES group. Conclusion : Pre- and post-workout energy bar supplementation may have a beneficial effect on blood lactate clearance and fitness in trained CrossFit individual. The combination of proprietary supplements taken may provide benefits for removing the blood lactate during high-intensity functional exercise.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2024

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant physical and psychological impacts on registered nurses (RNs). This study aimed to identify long COVID symptoms and their associated factors specifically among RNs. Methods: This descriptive correlational study's sample comprised 189 nurses (31.57±5.98 years, 93.7% female) in Korea. Self-reported long COVID symptoms were assessed using the COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale. Data were collected from December 31, 2022, to January 13, 2023, using the online survey method and were analyzed using independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and a multiple linear regression analysis with the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 program. Results: A total of 179 participants (94.7%) experienced one or more long COVID symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms were weakness (77.8%), fatigue (68.3%), breathlessness (67.7%), cough/throat sensitivity/voice change (50.3%), and sleep problems (50.3%). The factors related to long COVID symptoms were marital status, type of institution, working time, acute COVID-19 symptoms, and vaccination status. The quarantine period (β=.26, p<.001) and the nursing workforce after COVID-19 (β=-.17, p=.018) were significantly associated with long COVID symptoms (Adjusted R² =.33). Conclusion: Providing comprehensive recognition is necessary for the understanding of long COVID symptoms and their associated factors among nurses and could promote a long COVID symptom management education program targeted at nurses. Moreover, it could facilitate effective nursing care and education plans for long COVID patients.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2024

The prediction of VIV amplitude is essential for the design and fatigue life estimation of steel tubes in tubular transmission towers. Limited to costly and time-consuming traditional experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, a machine learning (ML)-based method is proposed to efficiently predict the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers. Firstly, by introducing the first-order mode shape to the two-dimensional CFD method, a simplified response analysis method (SRAM) is presented to calculate the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers, which enables to build a dataset for training ML models. Then, by taking mass ratio M^*, damping ratio ξ, and reduced velocity U^* as the input variables, a Kriging-based prediction method (KPM) is further proposed to estimate the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers by combining the SRAM with the Kriging-based ML model. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods are demonstrated by using three full-scale steel tubes with C-shaped, Cross-shaped, and Flange-plate joints, respectively. The results show that the SRAM can reasonably calculate the VIV amplitude, in which the relative errors of VIV maximum amplitude in three examples are less than 6%. Meanwhile, the KPM can well predict the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers within the studied range of M^*, ξ and U^*. Particularly, the KPM presents an excellent capability in estimating the VIV maximum amplitude by using the reduced damping parameter S_G.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 합성곱신경망과 ROI기법을 이용한 콘크리트 균열 분석에 관해 소개한다. 콘크리트 표면, 빔과 같은 구조물은 피로 응력, 주기 부하에 노출되며, 이는 일반적으로 구조물의 표면에서 미세한 수준에서 시작되는 균열을 야기한다. 구조물의 균열은 안정성을 저하시키고 구조물의 견고함을 감소시킨다. 조기 발견을 통해 손상 및 고장 가능성을 방지하기 위한 예방 조치를 취할 수 있다. 일반적으로 수동 검사 결과는 품질이 좋지 않고, 대규모 기반 시설의 경우 접근이 어려우며, 균열을 정확하게 감지하기 어렵다. 이러한 수동검사의 자동화는 기존 방식의 한계를 해결할 수 있기 때문에 컴퓨터 비전 기반의 연구들이 수행되었다. 하지만 다양한 유형의 균열이나, 열화상 카메라 등을 이용한 연구들은 부족한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연에서는 콘크리트 벽의 균열을 자동으로 감지하는 방법론을 개발하여 제시하며, 다음과 같은 연구 내용을 목표로 한다. 첫째, 균열 감지 이미지 기반 분석의 주요 장점인 이미지 처리 기술을 사용하여 기존의 수동 방법과 비교하여 정확도가 향상된 결과 및 정보를 제공한다. 둘째, 강화된 Sobel edge segmentation 기술 및 ROI 기법 기반의 알고리즘을 개발하여 비파괴 시험을 위한 자동 균열 감지 기술을 구현한다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 HIV감염자, 폐결핵환자, 정상인간에 스트레스지각과 삶의 질을 비교하는데 있다. 스트레스 지각 및 정신병리는 각각 스트레스 반응 척도(Stress Response Inventory)와 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)를, 삶의 질은 스미스클라인비참 삶의 질 척도(SmithKline Beecham Quality of Life Scale)를 이용하여 평가하였다. HIV감염자들이 폐결핵환자, 정상인들보다 스트레스반응 점수에 있어서는 긴장, 분노, 우울, 피로, 좌절 점수가 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 정신병리에서는 HIV감염자들이 폐결핵환자, 정상인들보다 신체화, 우울, 불안, 적대감, 공포불안, 편집증, 정신증 하위척도 점수에서 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 삶의 질의 비교에서는 HIV감염자군이 폐결핵환자군보다 삶의 질이 유의하게 더 낮았다. HIV감염자들은 연령이 낮을수록, 교육기간이 길수록 신체화, 강박증, 대인민감성, 공포불안, 편집증, 정신증 등 정신병리 점수가 더 높았다. 이상의 결과들은 HIV감염자들이 폐결핵환자들과 정상인들에 비해 스트레스지각이 더 높고 더 많은 정신병리를 가지고 있으며 삶의 질이 저하되어 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2020

본 연구는 논 직파재배시 적정 파종방법에 따른 인삼의 출아와 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였고, 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 논 인삼 직파재배농가들이 가장 많이 사용하는 반자동식 파종기(SAS)를 이용할 경우에는 작업속도가 빠르지만 인건비가 높은 단점이 있었고, 굴렁쇠파종기(HS)는 작업속도가 빠르고, 출아율도 높았지만 작업자가 8명이 소요되고, 작업자의 피로도가 높은 단점이 있었다. 파종기별 하루 작업면적은 전동식이 가장 많은 6,611 ㎡ 였지만 파종시 종자소모량이 많은 단점을 보였고, 3,305 ㎡를 파종하는데 걸리는 작업시간은 산파가 가장 길은 15시간이 걸렸고, 반자동식(SAS)은 8시간이 소요되었다. 직파재배 파종방법에 따른 1년생 인삼의 출아율은 산파가 69.1%로 가장 높았고, 수동식파종기와 굴렁쇠파종기 처리구의 출아율도 66.4%와 67.3%로 양호하였으며, 반자동 파종기 처리구의 출아율은 64.2%로 가장 낮았다. 또한, 파종방법에 따른 1년생 인삼의 지상부 및 지하부 생육은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 인삼재배 농가의 경제적 규모에 따라 적절한 파종방법을 선택할 수 있는데 영세적 규모일 경우 산파가 적합하고, 규모화 된 재배농가는 전동식 파종기(MDS)를 활용하여 직파하는 것이 적합하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.105-121
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• 1987

1986년 영남대학교 신입생 4,834명 (남학생 ; 3,499명, 여학생 ; 1,335명)을 대상으로 1986년 1월부터 동년 2월에 걸쳐 신불안 우울척도를 사용하여 평가한 불안 우울성적의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 불안 우울성적의 평균총점은 남학생이 $31.49{\pm}6.57$이었고 여학생이 $33.37{\pm}6.84$로 양군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.001). 2. 신불안 우울척도의 항목별 성적이 남녀학생 공히 높은 항목은 수면장애, 후회감, 성욕감퇴 및 피로감 등이었고 남녀학생 공히 낮은 항목은 두려움, 정신운동흥분과 지연, 졸도감 및 절망감 등이었다. 3. 신불안 우울척도의 총점이 50점 이상인 고득점자는 남학생이 99명(2.8%), 여학생이 40명(3.0%)이었다. 4. 사회정신의학적 요인들중 남녀학생의 불안 우울성적에 공히 유의한 영향을 끼친 것은 소속대학이나 소속학과에 대하여 불만인 경우, 가족분위기나 부모와의 친숙도에 대하여 불만인 경우, 과거, 현재, 미래의 자아상에 대한 태도가 비관적인 경우(이상 각각 P<0.0001) 등이며, 성장지가 시단위 이하인 경우(각각 P<0.05)등이었다. 5. 신불안 우울척도와 Zung의 자가평가 불안척도 및 우울척도간의 상관관계는 각각 0.64, 0.61의 다소 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 또 신불안 우울척도와 Leeds대학의 불안 우울척도간에는 상관계수 0.77의 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2013

본 연구는 부산, 경남 소재 방사선학과 재학생중 임상실습을 마친 253명을 대상으로 실습 기간 중에 받는 스트레스를 분석하고 감소 방안을 마련하여 효율적인 임상실습을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 결과는 환경요인 스트레스가 가장 높았다. 문항별로는 '오랜 시간 서 있다'가 $3.27{\pm}1.04$로 가장 높았고 '모른다고 무시', '단순한 일 반복'에서 높게 나타났다. 실습분위기와 임상방사선사와의 관계가 좋고 실습 지도를 성의 있게 받은 대상자와 방사선사에 대한 자부심이 높은 대상자들의 스트레스 지수가 낮았다. 대인관계요인과 수행요인이 BEPSI scale에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 실습기관에서는 학생들에게 휴식 및 편의 공간을 배려하고 단순하고 반복적인 실습이 아닌 다양한 실습프로그램을 진행하여야 할 것이다. 또한 임상방사선사들은 학생들이 모른다고 무시하거나 비교하는 행위는 자제하고 앉을 자리와 휴식시간을 배정하여 피로를 줄여주고 따뜻한 말과 격려를 통해 학생들의 임상실습 스트레스를 감소시키는 노력이 필요하다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2012

New generation of tall and complex buildings systems are now introduced that are reflective of the latest development in materials, design, sustainability, construction, and IT technologies. While the complexity in design is being overcome by the availability and advances in structural analysis tools and readily advanced software, the design of these buildings are still reliant on minimum code requirements that yet to be validated in full scale. The involvement of the author in the design and construction planning of Burj Khalifa since its inception until its completion prompted the author to conceptually develop an extensive survey and real-time structural health monitoring program to validate all the fundamental assumptions mad for the design and construction planning of the tower. The Burj Khalifa Project is the tallest structure ever built by man; the tower is 828 meters tall and comprises of 162 floors above grade and 3 basement levels. Early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this multi-use tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria established at the onset of the project design. Understanding the structural and foundation system behaviors of the tower are the key fundamental drivers for the development and execution of a state-of-the-art survey and structural health monitoring (SHM) programs. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss the execution of the survey and real-time structural health monitoring programs to confirm the structural behavioral response of the tower during construction stage and during its service life; the monitoring programs included 1) monitoring the tower's foundation system, 2) monitoring the foundation settlement, 3) measuring the strains of the tower vertical elements, 4) measuring the wall and column vertical shortening due to elastic, shrinkage and creep effects, 5) measuring the lateral displacement of the tower under its own gravity loads (including asymmetrical effects) resulting from immediate elastic and long term creep effects, 6) measuring the building lateral movements and dynamic characteristic in real time during construction, 7) measuring the building displacements, accelerations, dynamic characteristics, and structural behavior in real time under building permanent conditions, 8) and monitoring the Pinnacle dynamic behavior and fatigue characteristics. This extensive SHM program has resulted in extensive insight into the structural response of the tower, allowed control the construction process, allowed for the evaluation of the structural response in effective and immediate manner and it allowed for immediate correlation between the measured and the predicted behavior. The survey and SHM programs developed for Burj Khalifa will with no doubt pioneer the use of new survey techniques and the execution of new SHM program concepts as part of the fundamental design of building structures. Moreover, this survey and SHM programs will be benchmarked as a model for the development of future generation of SHM programs for all critical and essential facilities, however, but with much improved devices and technologies, which are now being considered by the author for another tall and complex building development, that is presently under construction.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7653-7664
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal ranked first among cancers reported in males and ranked second amongst females in Jordan, accounting for 12.7% and 10.5% of cancers in males and females, respectively. Colorectal cancer patients can suffer several consequences after treatment that include pain and fatigue, constipation, stoma complications, sexual problems, appearance and body-image concerns as well as psychological dysfunction. There is no published quantitative data on the health-related quality of life and psychological wellbeing of Jordanian colorectal cancer survivors. Method: This project was a cross-sectional study of colorectal cancer survivors diagnosed in 2009 and 2010. Assessment was performed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the colorectal cancer specific module (EORTC QLQ-CR 29) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data on potential predictors of scores were also collected. Results: A total of 241 subjects completed the study with mean age of $56.7{\pm}13.6$. Males represented 52.3% of study participants. A majority of participants reported good to high overall health; the mean Global health score was $79.74{\pm}23.31$ with only 6.64% of study participants scoring less than 33.3%. The striking result in this study was that none of the study participants participated in a psychosocial support group; only 4 of them (1.7%) were even offered such support. The mean scores for HADS, depression score, and anxiety score were $8.25{\pm}9$, $4.35{\pm}4.9$ and $3.9{\pm}4.6$, respectively. However, 77.1% of study participants were within the normal category for the depression score and 81.7% were within this category for anxiety score; 5.4% of participants had severe anxiety and 5.4% of them had severe depression. Discussion: Patients with colorectal cancer in Jordan have a good quality of life and psychological wellbeing scores when compared with patients from western countries. None of the colorectal cancer patients managed at the Ministry of Health received any formal counselling, or participated in psychological or social support programmes. This highlights the urgent need for a psychosocial support programme, psychological screening and consultations for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at the Ministry of Health Hospitals.