• 한국사회복지학
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• 제68권2호
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• pp.131-160
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• 2016

본 연구는 2001~2015년까지 아동학대 사망사례 55건의 판결문(피고인 81명, 판결문 95건)에 제시된 가해자에 대한 양형 실태를 분석하였다. 주가해행위자에 대한 양형분석 결과, 집행유예 및 3년 미만의 비교적 경미한 처벌을 받은 경우가 약 40%였으며 선고형량이 법정형 하한 미만이거나 양형기준의 권고형량을 하한이탈한 판결의 비중이 높은 것으로 나타나 그동안 아동학대 사망사건 가해자에 대한 처벌수위가 매우 관대했던 것으로 분석되었다. 양형요소에 대한 분석 결과, '아동을 성실하게 양육해 온 점', '아동의 사망으로 인한 심적 고통, 죄책감', '훈육 목적 등 참작할만한 동기'와 같이 판사의 아동학대에 대한 인식이나 주관적 성향에 따라 달리 판단될 수 있는 양형요소가 형을 감경하는데 영향력이 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 방조자의 경우 피해아동의 사망을 방지할 수 있는 지위에 있었음에도 대부분 집행유예 또는 벌금형으로 매우 경미한 처벌을 받고 있음이 드러났다. 판결문에 대한 내용분석을 통해 초범, 우발적 범행, 친권자 및 양육자, 유족과의 합의, 훈육 등 그동안 아동학대 사망사건에서 관행적으로 언급되어 온 양형요소에 대한 재고찰이 필요함을 논의하고, 앞으로 판사들의 아동학대에 대한 교육 및 인식 개선, 아동학대 고유의 양형기준의 재정비가 필요함을 제언하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2016

2014년 기준 65세 이상 노인은 전체인구의 12.7%로서 우리나라는 조만간에 고령사회로 진입하게 되고 노인 등 교통약자들도 다양한 사회경제적 활동으로 일반인과 동등하게 안전하고 편리하게 이동할 수 있도록 이동권이 보장되어야 한다. 교통약자의 가장 기본적인 수단인 보행은 일반인과 다른 보행특성을 보임에도 불구하고 기존 보행 관련 시설 및 운영은 이에 대한 고려가 부족한 현실이다. 본 연구는 융복합 시대를 맞이하여 교통약자(노인)의 보행 관련 교통사고 특성을 살펴보고 여수시를 사례로 횡단보도에서 노인의 보행실태와 보행횡단 요소를 분석하고자 한다. 2014년 기준 교통사고 자료에 의하면, 노인 교통사고는 전체 교통사고의 9.9%로 발생하고 있으나 노인사망자수는 전체의 40.3%를 차지하고 있고 노인 사망자수의 47.4%가 차대보행자 사고로 기인한다. 또한 전체 보행자 중 노인 보행자 발생은 18.7%이나 노인 보행자 사망자 비율은 49.3%에 해당하는 매우 높은 비중을 차지하고 노인보행자 치사율이 3.03명으로 전체보행자 치사율보다 3배정도 높게 나타난다. 교통약자(노인) 횡단 보행요소인 반응시간과 보행속도를 조사한 결과, 노인 신체능력 하위 15%-tile에 해당하는 반응시간은 4.56초와 보행속도는 초당 0.76m가 적절한 것으로 분석되었고 조사지점의 횡단보행 신호운영을 평가한 결과 보행안전성이 떨어지는 것으로 판단되어 개선된 보행신호 운영이 요구되었다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.38-49
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• 2015

2010년 서울의 교통사고 사망자는 424명이며, 이들 중 227명(54%)이 보행자 사고이다. 또한 보행자 사망사고 중 보행자 사망사고의 40%가 무단횡단에 의한 사고로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 보행자 사고에서 큰 비중을 차지하는 무단횡단을 예방하는 방법을 제안하며 문헌 고찰, 인적 요인 및 차량 특성, 사고지점의 기하학적 특성을 반영하여 연구를 수행하였다. 방법 제시에 앞서 사고 요인을 밝히기 위해 무단횡단 사고의 실험 및 통계 분석을 수행하였다. 첫째, 인적요인 분석을 통해 고속으로 주행하는 운전자가 무단횡단 사망사고에 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 보행자 측면에서는 고령자들이 무단횡단 사망사고에 취약했으며 버스나 택시와의 사고에서 사고 심각도가 높았다. 마지막으로 도로 및 환경 측면에서 차로수와 노면상태에 관련하여 분석했을 때, 일반적인 예상과 다른 결과를 보이기도 했다. 본 연구는 보행자 사망사고를 예방하는 방법을 증진시키고, 보행자 안전에 대한 논의에 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.278-287
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• 2000

In Korea, countermeasures against earthquake disasters such as the seismic performance evaluation and/or retrofit scheme of buildings have not been fully performed since Korea had not been experienced many destructive earthquakes in the past. However, due to more than four hundred earthquakes with slight/medium intensity occurred in the off-coastal and inland of Korea during the past 20 years, and due to the great earthquakes occurred recently in neighboring countries, such as the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquake with more than 6,500 fatalities in Japan and the 1999 Ji-Ji Earthquake with more than 2,500 fatalities in Taiwan, the importance of the future earthquake preparedness measures in Korea is highly recognized. The main objective of this paper is to provide the basic data for development of a methodology for the future earthquake preparedness in Korea by investigating the concept and applicabilities of the Japanese Standard for Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Existing RC Buildings developed in Japan among the methodologies of all over the world. In this paper, a seismic performance evaluation method of the existing reinforced concrete buildings is proposed based on experimental data of columns and walls carried out in Korea by referring the Japanese Standard, especially focusing on the Strength Index(C) among the indices in the seismic capacity index(IS) equations. Also, the seismic capacities of two existing reinforced concrete buildings in Korea are evaluated based on the proposed methodology and the Japanese Standard, and the correlations between the seismic capacities by the proposed methodology and the Japanese Standard are discussed.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2009

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea 2005. Vehicle-Pedestrian accident generates trajectory of pedestrian. In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables. But existing studies have been done for simple factors. The variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian can be classified into vehicular factors, pedestrian factors, and road factors. The trajectory of pedestrian, dynamic characteristics of multi-body were analyzed by PC-CRASH, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident. PC-CRASH enables an analyst to investigate the effect of many variables. The influence of the offset of impact point was analyzed by Working Model. Based on the results, the variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian were vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, friction coefficients of pedestrian. However the weight of pedestrian did not affect trajectory of pedestrian considerably.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2007

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea 2005. Vehicle-Pedestrian accident generates trajectory of pedestrian. In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables. The variables that influence trajectory of pedestrian can be classified into vehicular factors, pedestrian factors, and road factors. Vehicular factors are the frontal shape of vehicle, impact speed of vehicle, the offset of impact point. Many studies have been done about the relation between impact speed and throw distance of pedestrian. But the influence of the offset of impact point was neglected. The influence of the offset of impact point was analyzed by Working Model, and the trajectory of pedestrian, dynamic characteristics of multi-body were analyzed by PC-CRASH, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident. Based on the results, the increase of offset reduced the throw distance of pedestrian. However box type vehicle just like bus, the offset of impact point did not influence the throw distance of pedestrian considerably.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2009

The fatalities of pedestrian account for about 21.2% of all fatalities at 2007 year in Korea. To reconstruct exactly the accident, it is important to calculate the throw distance of pedestrian in car to pedestrian accident. The frontal shape of SUV vehicle is dissimilar to passenger car and bus, so the trajectory and throw distance of pedestrian by SUV vehicle is not the same of passenger car and bus. The influencing on it can be classified into the factors of vehicle and pedestrian, and road factor. It was analyzed by PC-CRASH for simulation, and SPSS s/w was used for regression analysis. From the simulation results, the maximum impact energy of multi-body of pedestrian was occurred to that of torso body at the same time. And the throw distance increased with the increasing of impact velocity, and decreased with the increasing of impact offset. Also it decreased with the increasing of velocity of pedestrian at accident, and the throw distance of wet road was longer than that of dry road. Finally, the regression analysis model of SUV(Nissan Pathfinder type)vehicle in car to pedestrian accident was as follows; $$disti_i=-0.87-0.11offseti_i+0.69speed_i-4.27height_i+0.004walk_i+0.63wet_i+{\epsilon}_i$$.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

The fatalities of pedestrian accounted for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea (2005 year). In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables, such as vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, and road condition. The trajectory of pedestrian after collision can be influenced by vehicular frontal shape classified into sedan type, box type, SUV type and van type. Many studies have been done about pedestrian accident with passenger car model and bus model for simple factors. But the study of pedestrian accident by van type vehicle was much insufficient, and even that the influence of multiple factors such as the offset of impact point was neglected. In this paper, a series of pedestrian kinetic simulation were conducted to inspect relationship between throw distance and multiple factors with using PC-CRASH s/w, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident for van type. By based on the simulation results, multi-variate regression was conducted, and regression equation was presented.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2012

Proportion of falling from height accident at construction work accounts for more than 40%, and the number of injuries is getting increased. So without considering falling from height, we can say that it's hard to achieve our goal(accident prevention). Another critical point that we have to think about theses days is the fact that construction workers are getting older. To be specific, the number of workers who are above 50 years old accounts for 65.6% among the fatalities(2007~2011, KOSHA inspection). Accordingly, to effectively prevent construction accedents, especially falls from height, we need to focus on motion analysis of older construction workers and then make suitable measures for growing accident rates at construction work.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2012

Singapore, an island republic of over 5 million inhabitants, has 3.1 million workers. Most are employed in the service, finance and tourist/transport industry. Significant numbers work in manufacturing, construction and heavy industry. Following a series of construction and shipyard accidents with multiple deaths in 2004, the government announced its intention to reduce workplace fatalities from 4.9 to 2.5 per 100,000 by 2015. There was strong political will to achieve this target. The strategic approaches were to build workplace safety and health (WSH) capabilities; implement legislative changes with enforcement; promote benefits of WSH and recognize best practices, and enhance partnership with stakeholders. The anticipated outcomes were to reduce workplace fatality and injury rates; have WSH as an integral part of business; and establish a progressive and pervasive WSH culture. With these measures, the workplace fatality rate declined from 4.9/100,000 in 2004, to 2.2/100,000 in 2010. However, other confounding factors could also account for this decline, and have to be considered. The next target, announced by Singapore's Prime Minister in 2008, is to further reduce the workplace fatality rate to 1.8/100,000 by 2018, and to have "one of the best workplace safety records in the world".