• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of an ethanol extract of Cassia abbreviata (ECA) bark and the possible mechanisms of its action in diabetic albino rats. Methods: ECA was prepared by soaking the powdered plant material in 70% ethanol. It was filtered and made solvent-free by evaporation on a rotary evaporator. Type 2 diabetes was induced in albino rats by injecting 35 mg/kg body weight (bw) of streptozotocin after having fed the rats a high-fat diet for 2 weeks. Diabetic rats were divided into ECA-150, ECA-300 and Metformin (MET)-180 groups, where the numbers are the doses in mg.kg.bw administered to the groups. Normal (NC) and diabetic (DC) controls were given distilled water. The animals had their fasting blood glucose levels and body weights determined every 7 days for 21 days. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were carried out in all animals at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Liver and kidney samples were harvested for glucose 6 phosphatase (G6Pase) and hexokinase activity analyses. Small intestines and diaphragms from normal rats were used for ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and glucose uptake studies against the extract. Results: Two doses, 150 and 300 mg/kg bw, significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic rats and helped them maintain normal body weights. The glucose level in DC rats significantly increased while their body weights decreased. The 150 mg/kg bw dose significantly increased hexokinase and decreased G6Pase activities in the liver and the kidneys. ECA inhibited ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity and promoted glucose uptake in the rats' hemi-diaphragms. Conclusion: This study revealed that ECA normalized blood glucose levels and body weights in type 2 diabetic rats. The normalization of the glucose levels may possibly be due to inhibition of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, decreased G6Pase activity, increased hexokinase activity and improved glucose uptake by muscle tissues.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.125-127
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• 1989

Effects of three types of dietary fibres on blood glucose and liver glycogen were studied in male rats. The fibres were used as 10% of the diet supplemented from dietary sources, white beans, peas and carrots. The experiment continued for 5 weeks. At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose and liver glycogen were determined. The results showed that replacing carrot fibres and pea fibres by white bean fibres produced significant reduction of blood glucose by 28% and 43%, respectively, while exchanging pea fibres by carrot fibres produced no significant reduction of blood glucose gy 20%. Liver glycogen level (mg/100 g liver) was not affected by altering the fibre type in the diet.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to styrene on the components of metabolic syndrome. We surveyed 263 employees, among whom 117workers we ere chronically exposed to styrene in glass-reinforced plastic boat manufacturing factories and 146 controls had never been occupationally exposed to styrene as will as hazardous chemicals. The general and job characteristics such as age, smoking and drinking habit, working hours and duration were not significant different except sleeping hours(p<0.05). Among the components of metabolic syndrome, the systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and fasting glucose were significantly higher in exposed workers. On multiple logistic regression analysis for the components of metabolic syndrome, waist circumference was insulin (OR=1.129), blood pressure was MA(OR=14.724), fasting glucose(OR=1.191) and metabolic syndrome(OR=1.110) were significantly associated with insulin. The mean concentration of airborne styrene was $ 38.1{\pm}40.1$ ppm, blood concentrations of glucose and insulin and levels of HOMA-IR in over 50 ppm exposed group were higher than in blow 50 ppm exposed group. These results suggested that the exposure of styrene affects blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels and that dysfunction and/or declination in glucose and insulin metabolism might induced ultimately insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.973-979
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• 2005

한국에서 자생하는 흑송의 솔잎을 재료로 하여 항당뇨효능에 대한 생리 활성을 규명하고자 STZ로 당뇨를 유발시킨 흰쥐 에 솔잎증류액을 15일간 복강투여 후 체중, 혈당, OGTT, 혈액성분에 미치는 영향 및 간과 췌장의 조직병리학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 솔잎 투여군의 체중은 솔잎투여 6일째에 잠시 체중의 상승이 나타났을 뿐 그 이후에는 DM군에서와 같이 체중의 증가를 보이지 않았다. 공복혈당은 DM군에 비해 솔잎투여군에서 용량효과적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 15일째에 HP군에서 NC군의 수준으로 근접하였다. 구강내당능 검사결과 혈당곡선은 DM군에 비해 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 솔잎투여군에서 투여용량에 따라 감소경향을 보였다. 간기능관련지수로서 혈장내 total protein, albumin, AST는 솔잎투여에 따른 변화가 없었고, ALP와 ALT는 솔잎투여군 모두에서 DM군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 신장기능 관련지수에서는 creatinine, uric acid, calcium, IP는 개선 경향이 관찰되지 않았으나, BUN에서는 DM과 비교시 솔잎투여군 모두에서 용량효과적으로 개선되는 경향을 보였다. 지질대사관련지수로서 total cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C 농도는 모든 실험군간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 간 조직과 췌장조직 병리학적 관찰결과 간조직의 경우 DM군과 솔잎투여군의 일부에서 염증세포의 침윤이 부분적으로 관찰되었고 췌도세포에서는 DM군은 췌장실질의 괴사, 출혈성 병변, 지방세포의 괴사가 관찰되었으나 솔잎투여군 모두에서 DM군에 비해 억제되는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 솔잎추출물 투여 에 의 괘 공복혈당이 낮아지고 당내성이 높아지는 경향을 보였고 간기능 지표 중 ALP와 ALT, 신장기능지표 중 BUN만이 솔잎 투여에 의한 개선효과를 나타내었으며, 혈중 지질 개선효과는 나타내지 않았다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.541-547
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and describe how fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial 2 h Glucose (PP2h), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be reduced by treatment with Galgeun-tang herbal medicine. Methods: The patient was administered herbal medicine to reduce serum glucose levels. The prescribed herbal medicines included Galgeun-tang and Galgeun-tang-gami. Results: The therapeutic outcomes were control of blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and decreased insulin administration. Conclusion: The herbal medicine, Galgeun-tang, appears to be a valid treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum glucose (FBS/PP2hrs) and HbA1c were well controlled and insulin administration was decreased. Galgeun-tang was effective in controlling the daily glucose levels in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.609-623
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• 2016

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Mori folium on insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation in an experimental mouse model of obesity.Methods: Obesity was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them a high-fat diet. The mice were divided into four groups (n=6): a normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat diet with 40 mg of Mori folium, and high-fat diet with 800 mg of Mori folium groups. After 13 wk, the body weights, fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin levels, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment) levels, oral glucose tolerance test levels, epididymal fat and liver weights, and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ were measured. In addition, adipose tissue macrophages were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.Results: Mori folium significantly reduced blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance levels, and liver weights. It also reduced adipose tissue macrophage numbers and tumor necrosis factor receptor-α gene expression.Conclusions: These results show that Mori folium has insulin resistance reduction and anti-inflammatory effects in an experimental mouse model of obesity.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of the mixed herbal extract from Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi, Pueraria lobata Benth, and Aconitum carmichaeli Debx (CAPA) on obesity and glucose tolerance in obese mice. Methods: Animals were divided in 6 groups, normal diet, high fat diet (HFD), HFD with CAPA 100 mg/kg (CAPA 100), CAPA 300 mg/kg (CAPA 300), and metformin 200 mg/kg or lorcaserin 10 mg/kg as positive controls, and treated for 16 weeks. Body weight, food intake, fasting blood glucose, and body temperature were checked every week and then organs, blood serums were collected after treatment. The oral glucose tolerance test was also carried out after treatment. Results: Compared to HFD, CAPA extract treated mice showed significant decreases in body weight, adipose tissue weight, lipid accumulations in liver and serum lipid levels without a reduction of food intake. And fasting glucose and glucose tolerance were all improved in the CAPA treated mice. Conclusions: Our results suggest that CAPA extract can prevent diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance without a reduction of energy intake in obese mice.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the computer input frequency of blood glucose self testing in type2 diabetic patients, for three months. Method: 39 participants were recruited from the endocrinology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. The computer input frequencies were measured by patients' log in and input of http://www.biodang.com. Glycosylated haemoglobin was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography technique and fasting blood glucose was analyzed by the glucose oxidase method. Diabetes knowledge was measured by a 19 item diabetes knowledge test. Results: The computer input frequency of before breakfast blood glucose was 33.5 for three months. The total blood glucose input frequency tended to be lower in female, aged patients, middle school graduates, those who have no spouse and job, those who have no insulin treatment, obese subjects, and hyperglycemia patients, than in their counterparts. The diabetic knowledge was positively correlated with the computer input frequency of blood glucose self testing. Conclusion: An educational program should be developed to increase the computer input frequency of blood glucose self testing in type2 diabetic patients.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2005

Purpose： This study estimated the prevalence of smoking among male and female school employees. This study also correlated key indicators of health with the number of cigarettes consumed per day by the male smokers. The indicators of health included health behavior, blood pressure (mmHg), BMI (kg/m2), diabetes, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT and GTP. Methods： Subjects included 2,640 male and 2,747 female employees working at elementary, middle, and high schools who received a physical check-up at the Seoul School Health Center in 2002. Data was obtained from the physical examinations, questionnaires, and laboratory results. Results： 39.7% of males and 0.4% of females were current smokers. 60% of the male smokers consumed between 10 and 19 cigarettes per day, and39.6% of male smokers had been smoking between 10 and 19 years. Smokers who consumed more than one pack per day had a relatively higher BMI than the non-smokers (24.7 24.1, respectively). However, smokers had lower blood pressure than non-smokers. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of current-smokers were 128.2 and 82.8, respectively, while the values among non-smokers were 129 and 84.5, respectively. The proportion of current smokers with severe obesity (over BMI 30) was 5.0%. This was considerably higher than the 1.3% of severely obese non-smokers. Current-smokers also had mean and abnormal rate of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT, and GTP that were higherthan those of non-smokers. The frequency of red meat consumption, alcohol use, perceived incidents of stress were alsomore frequent in current-smokers than in non-smokers. Exercise frequency was also lower among smokers. In multiple regression after adjusting all possible confounding factors including age, BMI, diet, and drink, the parameter value of fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, GOT, GPT, and GTP increased relative to the level of cigarette consumption. Conclusion： Among school employees, health behavior, and general health status including BMI, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT, GTP, and fasting blood glucose were worse in smokers than in non-smoker.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2021

Objectives: Insufficient evidence exists regarding factors that affect screening adherence among people with a family history of diabetes, who comprise roughly half of all patients with diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to identify the determinants of diabetes screening adherence in adults with a family history of diabetes who had not yet been diagnosed with diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at selected urban primary healthcare facilities in Tehran, Iran. The study population was clinically non-diabetic adults above 20 years of age with a family history of diabetes in at least 1 first-degree relative. All eligible people identified on randomly-selected days of the month were invited to join the study. Results: Among 408 participants, 128 (31.4%) had received a fasting blood glucose check during the last year. Using binary logistic regression, the independent predictors of screening adherence were knowledge of adverse effects of diabetes such as sexual disorders (odds ratio [OR], 3.05) and renal failure (OR, 2.73), the impact of family members' advice on receiving diabetes screening (OR, 2.03), recommendation from a healthcare provider to have a fasting blood glucose check (OR, 2.61), and intention to have a fasting blood glucose check within the next 6 months (OR, 2.85). Other variables that predicted screening adherence were age (OR, 1.05), job (being a housekeeper; OR, 3.39), and having a college degree (OR, 3.55). Conclusions: Knowledge of the adverse effects of diabetes, physicians' and healthcare providers' advice about the benefits of early disease detection, and family members' advice were independent predictors of screening adherence.