• 한국잡초학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 2011

The allelopathic effects of Lantana camara L. (Family:Verbenaceae) on germination and seedling establishment of some agricultural crops and weed species have been identified. Aqueous extracts of dry leaves and contaminated soil where L. camara is grown were used to verify allelopathic effect on seed germination of five bioassay species; Raphanus sativas, Capsicum annum, Lycopersicum esculantem, Crotalaria juncia and Chromoleana odorata. Fifty seeds from each bioassay species were placed in a petri dish containing leaf extracts or contaminated soil, and seed germination were examined after 3 days. The plant house experiments were carried out to evaluate the impact of L. camara contaminated soil and leaf debris using L. esculantem as the indicator plant. Seed germination of L. esculentem, C. junica and Capsicum annum was significantly inhibited by L. camara contaminated soil. However, the degree of inhibition varied among the bioassay species. The aqueous extract of dry leaves of L. camara was highly phytotoxic and it significantly reduced seed germination of all bioassay species. There was a decline in plant height, leaf area and shoot dry weight of tomato only in early growth stages when grown in L. camara contaminated soils. However, incorporation of leaf debris into soil affected the vegetative growth of tomato in early stages when the leaf debris concentration was increased. Growth recovered at the latter part of the life cycle. On the basis of these results it can be concluded that the allelochemicals in L. camara contaminated soils are harmful to the seed germination of crop species. The adverse effect was present only during the early growth stages and it did not suppress the latter part of the plant growth. These responses are attributed to allelopathic effects which need confirmation under field conditions.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.536-543
• /
• 2003

The Chosun Dynasty in the $18^{th}$ century was a period of revival for science, art, and culture, bringing about Silhak(practical science), a new trend in the history of Chosun thoughts. In the history of fine arts, realistic landscape paintings and genre paintings were popular as realism became prevalent. From the aspect of food culture, in particular, the luxurious and elegant Korean-styled food culture was completed during this period. Iwanwasuseoksihoedo was painted by Jeong Hwang (1735-1800) in 1789, depicting a banquet on an elder's $60^{th}$ birthday. It is classified as a genre painting in the late Chosun Period but it contains things that comes into our heart, which are white porcelain with blue celadon pictures, white porcelain bowls, busy atmosphere of a banqueting house where food is being carried in a hurry and elders' serene appearance. All these things show the abundance of life, the room and comfort of old ages, and the beauty and relish of life in the well-arranged living ground. Hoehonyedo was painted on an elder's $60^{th}$ marriage anniversary by an unknown artist presumably in the $18^{th}$ century is a painting as realistic as a documentary photograph. The work gives viewers pleasure and comfort because it describes not a mighty clan but the superb later years of an official who had lived right and upright life. In the aspect of food culture, it displays the food culture of the splendid sixtieth marriage anniversary of a Korean official through noble etiquette among family members, seat planning, unique table culture and high quality tableware including white porcelain with celadon pictures and pure white porcelain.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2010

우리나라 장묘문화의 특수성으로 인해 무분별한 묘지 조성으로 인한 산림훼손, 관리 소홀로 인한 무연고묘의 증가 등 문제점들이 대두되어 왔다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하고자 정부나 사회단체에서는 화장, 납골 및 공동묘지의 이용을 권장하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 GIS 비전문가인 묘원관리자가 GIS의 기능을 이해하기 쉽고 사용하기 쉽게 구현하고자 묘지정보관리시스템을 개발하였다. 이를 위해서, 묘지관련 법률, 기존의 프로그램 및 묘원 홈페이지 등의 분석을 통해 사용자가 요구하는 기능을 조사하고, 사용성 평가를 통해 사용자의 GIS기능 인식 경향을 파악하여 사용자 중심의 인터페이스를 구축하고, 쉽게 인식할 수 있는 아이콘을 사용하여 사용자 경험을 증진시키도록 하였다. 묘원관리 업무는 사무실에서만 아니라 현장에서도 이루어지므로 사무실에서는 데스크탑을 활용하여 입력, 수정 등의 기능을 수행하도록 하고, 현장에서는 GPS신호를 수신할 수 있는 PDA를 활용하여 현재 위치를 확인하면서 정보를 조회, 입력 등 터치스크린을 활용하는 기능을 수행하도록 하였다. 여러 가지 Open source software들을 이용하여 시스템을 구축함으로써 비용을 절감할 수 있었으며, 다양한 기능을 추가함으로써 더 많은 묘원에 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.245-258
• /
• 1998

과학기술의 발달과 생활양식의 변화로 인해 주택의 역할은 가족구성원들을 위한 생활공간 뿐 아니라 사무실을 대신하는 업무공간으로 확장되고 있으며, 그에 따라 업무에 필요한 기기나 물품들은 편리하게 사용하고 수납하기 위한 재택 근무가구의 수요도 증가하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 선행 개발된 재택 근무 공간 및 가구에 대한 지침과 연구결과를 바탕으로 하여, 기능적인 측면에서는 편리하고 효율적인 작업이 가능하고 형태적인 측면에서는 주택이라는 특성에 부합하는 다음과 같은 가구의 디자인을 개발하였다. 1. 패널부착형 조합가구 : 가변성과 확장성을 기본개념으로 하여 원하는 형태와 크기의 unit를 다양하게 조합할 수 있는 시스템 가구 2. 캐비넷 형 워크스테이션 : 하나의 가구에 재택 무에 필요한 기능을 집약시켜 최소한의 공간으로 최대의 효율성을 추구하는 가구 3. 이동식 다목적 가구 : 간단한 작업이나 보조기능을 위한 이동성이 뛰어난 가구 재택 근무는 시간과 공간의 효율성으로 인해 미래의 업무 형태로 발전될 가능성이 크며, 따라서 보다 다양한 기능과 형태를 지니는 디자인의 지속적인 개발이 요구된다.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• 제53권5호
• /
• pp.475-488
• /
• 2015

Economic activity and social participation by women has recently increased; however, working mothers raising young children are under new stress due to the simultaneous combination of job and parenting responsibilities. This stress has resulted in social problems of career break and low fertility. This study investigates the effect of clinical art therapy on occupational stress and parenting stress of working mothers. We analyzed 34 working mothers in full-time employment (over 8 hours a day) who have preschool children (0-6 years old). They were divided into 17 subjects in the experimental group and 17 subjects in the control group. For the experimental group, 10 hours and a half sessions of group art therapy were participated in once a week from April to August in 2014. We perform Dan Occupational Stress Index by Ivancevich and Matteson, Parenting Stress Index/Short Form and salivary cortisol test before and after the group art therapy. For qualitative analysis, Kinetic House-Tree-Person (KHTP) drawing test was used. Using SPSS ver. 19.0, paired t -test or Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the pre and post analysis results. The results of this study are as follows. First, scores of 'occupational stress factor' subpart showed significant improvement in the Occupational Stress Index after the clinical art therapy. Second, scores of 'parental distress,' 'parent-child dysfunctional interaction,' and 'difficult child' subpart in Parenting Stress Index also showed a significant improvement. Third, a positive change was observed after the clinical art therapy in the KHTP drawing test. In conclusion, this study suggests that the clinical art therapy can be effective for occupational stress factors and the parenting stress of working mothers.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2014

This paper introduces emergy(spelled with "m") that is a new environmental indicator in architecture, aiming to clarify conflicting claims of building design components in the process of energy-retrofit. Much of design practitioners' attention on low energy use in operational phases, may simply shift the lowered environmental impact within the building boundary to large consumption of energy in another area. Specifically, building energy reduction strategies without a holistic view starting from natural formation, may lead to the depletion of non-renewable geobiological sources (e.g. minerals, fossil fuels, etc.), which leaves a building with an isolated energy-efficient object. Therefore, to overcome the narrow outlook, this research discusses the total ecological impact of a building which embraces all process energy as well as environmental cost represented by emergy. A case study has been conducted to explore emergy-driven design work. In comparison with operational energy-driven scenarios, the results elucidate how energy and emergy-oriented decision-making bring about different design results, and quantify building components' emergy contribution in the end. An average-size ($101.9m^2$) single family house located in South Korea was sampled as a benchmark case, and the analysis of energy and material use was conducted for establishment of the baseline. Adoption of the small building is effective for the goal of study since this research intends to measure environmental impact according to variation of passive design elements (windows size, building orientation, wall materials) with new metric (emergy) regardless of mechanical systems. Performance simulations of operational energy were developed and analyzed separately from the calculation of emergy magnitudes in building construction, and then the total emergy demand of each proposed design was evaluated. Emergy synthesis results verify that the least operational energy scenario requires greater investment in indirect energy in construction, which clearly reveals that efficiency gains are likely to be overwhelmed by increment of material flows. This result places importance on consideration of indirect energy use underscoring necessity of emergy evaluation towards the environment-friendly building in broader sense.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.135-152
• /
• 1988

The purpose of this study was to survey the improvement activities for the apartment house ; and to examine the relationship between apartment residents and their housing improvement activities in order to present some informations for the further studies and plans of apartment design and housing policy. Library and questionnaire survey methods were used in this research. the sample was taken from 102 housewives living in the apartments over 45 pyong (1602 sq. ft.), in Seoul, Data were analyzed with the SPSS using frequency, percentage, chi-square test, F-test, Duncan's multiple range test, η2, and C2. The results were as follows: 1. It was found that residents had experienced with 3.6 kinds of housing improvement activities. Living rooms, dining rooms, and kitchens in family living areas ; balconies and utility rooms in utility areas were improved for the physical convenience and quality of living. 2. This survey indicated that apartment residents evaluated thier housing condition as high, except storage spaces and outdoor noises. 3. About 80% of respondents were expected to live continuously in the current apartments because they were satisfied with the size of thier residences, However, they wanted to improve the inside of the entire apartment, especially bathrooms. 4. Variables which had a significant relationship in housing improvement activities in the past were the length of residence, the expected length of residence, and the characteristic of residence. 5. The expected length of residence, and the characteristic of residence were found to be effective variable for evaluating the current residence. 6. Finally, the expected length of residence, and the characteristic of residence were significant variables of the housing plan in the future. Housing improvement activities were prevalent recently and expected to be continued in the future. It can be said, therefore, that apartment residents have a long -term plan to live in one place rather than moving out ever two-three years.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제42권9호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2004

Most of the Korean diaspora who lived in Yunhaeju moved to Central Asia in 1937 following the policy of deportation of Russia. Uzbekistan is the representative place for Korean diaspora to have settled down in Central Asia at that time and mort Korean diaspora in Central Asia are living in Uzbekistan now. Korean diaspora have maintained a traditional way of living for 140 years without a deep relationship with Korea. This study examined the dwellings of the Korean diaspora of Uzbekistan in Central Asia by visiting their houses and conducting interviews. Results of the research were as following: 1) The houses of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan in early times consisted of 2-3 bedrooms with Gudle. Gudle is the most traditional element of the Korean diaspora's house and it has been used as a place for gathering family members. 2) Korean diaspora's houses in Uzbekistan were built according to Russian and Uzbek style but most of the Korean diaspora's have a mixed style with traditional Korean elements of living.3) The changing process of planning and building codes of apartments in Uzbekistan is similar to that in other CIS nations and all of Russia. 4) Korean's food style is a mixture of Korean, Russian and Central Asian foods. Kimchi and Jang (bean paste) are essential for most Koreans and most Koreans are making these at home. 5) Most Koreans have maintained a good relationship with the Uzbek people and Koreans are very active in gelling along well with all. This enables them to exchange their culture eventually in various parts. This study could be the first step to supply basic information for the study of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan. Deeper research over a wider range is needed in Russia.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.84-94
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to establish the identity of the traditional residential space in Korea and Japan as analyzing the spatial characteristics and sociocultural roles of the 'in-between space' shown in their traditional dwelling space. Although they share culture area, it is meaningful to clarify the identity of both countries with many differences as the point of localization In globalization and the point of presenting the current and future directions of residential culture in both countries. Records and field studies have been carried out for the spatial characteristics and the sociocultural role focused on Ma-dang and Dae-chung in case of the 'in-between space' in Korean traditional dwellings and Inner housing, Doma, and Engawa in Japan. According to these findings, the spatial characteristics in common between Korea and Japan are open, half-open, separation, mitigation, integration, variation, continuation, hierarchy, mediation, and expansion. The 'in-between space', built by the separate Chae and Kan, of Korean traditional dwellings shows the separation by closed walls and the exclusive use by the fixed walls. In case of Japan, the integrated in-between space built by the separation of Kan shows open and connective tendencies and the variableness of walls has the tendency making ambiguous space with spatial softness. The sociocultural role of the 'in-between space' in Korean traditional dwelling space functions as the mitigation between the interior and exterior of the house as well as the male and female. Because the conception for protecting the private life is too weak, the sociocultural role of the 'in-between space' in Japanese traditional dwelling space seldom forms the space for an individual or the specific person among family. The space to welcome a guest functions as the mitigation between residents and outsiders as it is located in the inside of the private dwelling space.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.405-418
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to suggest an educational direction to aid in formulating a dietary life that is suited to Korea's multicultural families. This was achieved by analyzing the dietary life of immigrant women from multicultural families in Daegu. The study was carried out with 94 immigrant women form multicultural families who were served by public health center A (20 women), public health center B (47 women) and public health center C (27 women). Their home countries were China (55.3%), Vietnam (37.2%), Philippines (3.2%), Japan (2.1%), Uzbekistan (1.1%) and Thailand (1.1%). When the scores of their dietary balance were compared on the basis of the time they have been in Korea (Less than 1 year, 1~3 years, more than 3 years), we found that the score of immigrant women who stayed for less than 1 year was higher than those who stayed for more than 3 years (p<0.05) in terms of their intake of meats, fishes, potato, calcium, and carbohydrate. When subjects were asked about Korean food they wanted to learn how to cook, 30 different types of food were selected and 95.5% of the respondents wanted to learn in detail how to cook Korean food. The place most suitable for them to learn cooking was college (30.3%), while the house of their husband (2.2%) was lowest. Therefore, it seems that a college, public health center or welfare center are good places for immigrant women from multicultural families to participate in an education program that is designed to teach them how to cook Korean food.