• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.435-446
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the this study is to investigate parenting stress of married dental hygienists having preschool and school aged children. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 242 married dental hygienists from September to December, 2015 via e-mail and ordinary mail. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, job-related characteristics, family life satisfaction, and parenting stress. The data were analyzed using Stata 13.0 program. Results: As for job-related characteristics, 36.6% of the subjects answered 'not possible' in work hour flexibility. The reasons why family-work balance is difficult were 'parenting and education(58.7%)' and 'burden of family-work balance(32.4%)'. Family life satisfaction was 3.03, and parenting stress was 2.41. Parenting stress gets higher if their children are younger, monthly income is lower, and mother/father's age are lower. And parenting stress becomes higher if their career as dental hygienists is less, they are contract worker, and frequency to change jobs is higher. Concerning the reason why work-family balance is difficult, parenting stress is found to be high when they choose 'parenting and education', 'burdens of work-family balance', and 'relationship in workplace'. Family life satisfaction reduced parenting stress. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis, frequency to change job influences parenting stress. Conclusions: Parenting stress increases turnover and career interruption of married dental hygienists. It is hard to improve work environment without policy support. It will be necessary to establish policy for employed mothers and create a work atmosphere where the policy can be utilized without difficulty.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.485-495
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to contribute to family nursing aimed at reducing stress and improving the coping abilities of parents with kindergarten or early primary school aged children. Data were collected through self- reported questionnaires over a period of one month between November 1994 and December 199t in the Kyoung-in area. The subjects consisted of 198 parents (99 mothers and 99 fathers) of children attending 1 elementary school and 2 kindergartens. The levels of general stress and of parental role stress were measured with the General stress scale and the Parental role stress scale, respectively, while the Coping scale was used to measure the level of coping. The data were analyzed by a SAS program using paired't-test and oneway ANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. The level of general stress was significantly higher in mothers than in fathers. Mothers experienced significantly greater level of parental role stress than fathers did. In contrast, fathers revealed significantly greater scores in coping than mothers. 2. General stress experienced by fathers was different according to education, occupation, health status, satisfaction with family life and support from spouse. Occupation, health status, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with spouse and support from spouse influenced parental role stress experienced by fathers. There was no correlation between level of coping and general characteristics. 3. In mothers, the level of general stress was different according to their health status, family type, and number of children, while parental role stress was related to satisfaction with family life, satis-faction with spouse and family type. There was no correlation between level of coping and general characteristics. The above findings indicate that the mothers did not develop more coping strategies than the fathers, despite their experience of greater stress than the fathers. Hence, nursing intervention for managing stress and improving coping abilities should be provided for mothers. In particular, fathers should actively participate in parenting, and support their spouse.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.476-490
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• 1992

This study was designed to develop and test a structural model for maternal adaptation and family stress in families with mentally handicapped children. A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of the family stress theory developed by McCubbin etc. The model included 6 theoretical concepts and 11 paths. For the purpose of the model testing, empirical data were collected from May to August, 1992. The subjects of the study constituted 190 mothers of children in five special schools and one private institute in Seoul and Choong Nam. An SPSS PC＋ and PC－LISREL 7.13 computer programs were used for descriptive and covariance structure analysis. The results of the study were as follows. (1) The hypothetical model showed itself a good fit to the empirical data ［Chi - square＝18.35(df＝7, P＝0.005), Goodness of Fit Index＝0.991, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index＝0.959, Root Mean Square Residual＝0.042), Non Normed Fit Index＝0.90, Normed Fit Index＝0.96］. (2) The results of Hypothesis testing indicated : 1) Social support(${\gamma}$$_{11}$＝.238, T＝2.352), Family functioning(${\gamma}$$_{12}$＝.729, T＝5.957) and Family life event stress(${\gamma}$$_{13}$＝.125) had direct effects on situational definition. 2) Life event stress(${\gamma}$$_{23}$＝.319, T＝3.872) had direct effects on the effect of the handicapped child on the family. Family functioning(${\gamma}$$_{22}$＝-.245) and situational definition($\beta$$_{21}$＝-.335, T＝3.227) had direct effects on the effect of the handicapped child on the family. 3) Situational definition($\beta$$_{31}$＝-.273, T＝3.493), family life event stress (${\gamma}$$_{33}$＝.124, T＝2.169) and the effect of the handicapped child on the family($\beta$$_{32}$＝.264, T＝-3.227) showed the direct effect on the maternal adaptation. The model was supported by the empirical data. Thus it was suggested that the model could be applied to family nursing care with the families with the mentally handicapped. The construction and testing of the comprehensive model seem to be the first trial in Korea.a.a.a.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.41-62
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of work-family conflict and spousal support resources on parenting stress among working mothers with pre-school children. This study involved a total of 232 working mothers with children enrolled in child care centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do as conducting a survey. First, the higher the work-family conflict (inter-role conflict caused by the impact of work on family life), the higher the family-work conflict (inter-role conflict caused by the impact of family life on work). Moreover, the lower the level of spousal support resources (emotional spousal support resources, instrumental spousal resources), the higher the work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The level of parenting stress was higher in working mothers experiencing greater work-family conflict and family-work conflict both and lower levels of spousal support resources for parenting. Second, the number of children and the amount of work-family conflict and instrumental spousal support resources had a statistically significant impact on parenting stress. Thus, the higher the number of children, the greater the work-family conflict, and the lower the level of instrumental spousal support resources, the higher the level of parenting stress. The findings of this study highlight the relative effects of role conflicts between work and family and of spousal support resources on parenting stress in working mothers. Husbands' being involved in parenting, in particular, was identified as an important support function for healthy child-rearing by successfully combining career and family responsibilities.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.19-34
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• 1996

This study was designed to investigate the quality of life among middle-aged men and women in Seoul. The primary purposes were to describe perceived life quality of the middle-aged and to examine the relationship among the selected variables. The data for this study were collected utilizing multistage area random sampling method 524 respondents were analyzed using SPSS PC+ statistical package. The major findings are as follows: 1. The level of life quality perceived by middle-aged was 4.7 out of 7 and relatively normally distributed. 2. The quality of life of middle-aged were differed by occupation family income amount of saving home ownership religion and residence. 3. The correlates of life quality were family life satisfaction job satisfaction financial satisfaction health satisfaction leisure satisfaction and stress. 4. Among the variables family life satisfaction was the strongest predictor variable. Thirty six percent of the total variances were explained by family life atisfaction job satisfaction stress health satisfaction and financial satisfaction.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2021

다문화청소년 삶의 만족도 변화양상을 확인하고 문화적응스트레스, 자아존중감과 가족지지가 삶의 만족도 변화에 미치는 영향의 종단변화를 탐색하고자 한다. 이런 목적을 위해 다문화청소년 패널 조사 4차 년도부터 6차 년도까지의 조사 자료를 분석에 사용하였으며 분석결과, 삶의 만족도, 자아존중감, 가족지지는 각각의 선형변화모형을 통해 3년간 감소하는 양상을 나타냈다. 다변량잠재성장모형을 통한 문화적응스트레스와 삶의 만족도 간 자아존중감과 가족지지 각각의 종단적 매개효과를 살핀 결과, 자아존중감과 가족지지의 매개효과를 확인하였으며, 이런 결과를 토대로 다문화청소년의 삶의 만족도와 자아존중감 및 가족지지를 향상시키기 위한 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-60
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• 2000

This study was designed and undertaken to identify the related factors of family caregivers' depression & quality of life with stroke elderly patient. The data was collected from August 16th to September 5th. 1999. The subjects in this study were 70 caregivers and 70 patients with stroke who were hospitalized in 2 oriental medicine hospitals and 3 hospitals located in Junla-buk do. The data was analized using percentage. means. t-test. ANOVA and pearson's correlation coefficients, step-wise multiple regression done with the SAS program. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The score for family caregivers' depression was 45.2 when total score was 80. The family caregivers who got more than 50 scores belongs to highly depression group amount to $29\%$. 2. The score for family caregivers' quality of life was 37.04 when total score was 56. 3. In the significant relationship between family caregivers' depression and general characteristics of the family caregivers ; age. sex, income. In the significant relationship between family caregivers' quality of life and general characteristics of family caregivers: age, education, income. In the significant relationship between family caregivers' depression and quality of life and general characteristics of stroke elderly patient ; sex. 4. The depression degree showed significant differences in the variables of family caregiver's physical health(r=-0.307, p=0.011), stress(r=0.463. p=0.011). social support (r=-0.241. p=0.046) and elderly stroke patient's ADL(r=-0.313, p=0.009). The quality of life degree showed significant differences in the variables of family caregivers' depression(r=-0.564, p=0.001), stress(r=-0.322, p=0.008), social support (r=0.353. p=0.003). 5. The most important variable affecting family caregiver's depression was caregivers' physical symptom which accounted for $32.0\%$ of the total variance in which multiple regression analysis. Total variance affecting the family caregivers' depression was $49\%$. The most important variable affecting family caregivers' quality of life was caregivers' depression which accounted for $48\%$ of the total variance in which multiple regression analysis. Total variance affecting the family caregivers' quality of life was $61\%$.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.447-461
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• 2020

This study explores how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed family life and relationships as well as how these changes affect perceived stress among married men and women. This study investigated changes in family time use, household work, child care, leisure activities, income and expenditures along with relationships between spouses and children using a sample of 627 married persons surveyed online from May 19 to 25, 2020. The results showed that the amount of time spent on household work, child care, and family leisure have increased and that the perceived burden of household work and child care has also increased. Gender differences were found in time use, household work, and child care. Leisure activities have changed toward more time watching TV or online media and playing online games and less time on outdoor activities, shopping, and meeting friends. About 38% of respondents reported a reduction in household income and 22% reported an increase in household debt. The majority experienced no change in the quality of relationships with spouses and children, approximately 20% of the sample reported a positive change in relationships with spouses and children. The findings of multivariate regression indicated that change in work time, negative change in household economy, negative change in household work and negative change in relationships with spouses were associated with marital stress. However, this study found that negative changes in child care and in relationships with children did not affect stress among married parents with children in elementary or secondary school.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2019

Based on the stress process model, this study examined the process of how military personnel's occupational characteristics (i.e., long and unspecified work hours, frequent moving) is associated with their wives' marital satisfaction and parenting stress. We focused on whether the wives' perception toward the characteristics of military occupation and the wives' military family pride mediated the association. An online survey was conducted with 323 women married to professional active-duty military husbands, had at least one preschool child, and lived with the husband and child. Using structural equation modeling, we found that the wives' perception of military occupational characteristics and military family pride mediated the relationship between their husband's work hours and the wives' marital satisfaction and parenting stress. This serial multiple mediation indicated that the longer and more unspecified the husband's work hours were, the more negative the wife's perceptions were towards his military occupation, which led to lower marital satisfaction and higher parenting stress. The single mediation effect of negative perceptions was also significant. Frequent moving was indirectly related to the wives' marital satisfaction and parenting stress through only the wives' negative perceptions toward military occupational characteristics. This result indicates that military spouses who experienced frequent moves are likely to have more negative attitudes toward military occupation, which leads to lower marital satisfactions and higher parenting stress. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the underlying mechanisms between military occupational characteristics and military wives' family life through the mediating roles of negative perceptions and military family pride.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.79-92
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• 1984

The purpose of this study is to identify family stress and to specify family stress and socio-psychological resources which are associated variable. For the evidence of this topic, research was conducted on 258 married persons dwelling in seoul. The questionnare was composed of Family Stressor Inventory referred by McCubbin's FILE(1981) and Sarason's LES(1979) and Socio-Psychological Family Resources Inventory referred by McCubbin's FIRM(1983). This study offers to us that family income significantly has positive correlation with socio-psychological family resources and family income is potential variable which intensifies family tension or burden. This study touched only some variables, moreover, this is only a starting-point of family stress study in Korea. So further studies would consider latent variables, process, limited situation, family interaction pattern, family orientation, etc., and subjective variables would be reflected.