• 한국사회복지학
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.5-27
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• 2004

본 연구는 한국노동패널 자료를 이용하여 결혼해체를 경험한 여성의 소득수준 및 빈곤실태를 분석하고 이에 대한 공 사적소득이전의 역할을 고찰하였다. 주요한 결과는 첫째, 결혼해체유형에 따라 여성의 주요한 인구사회학적 특성이 유의하게 차이가 나며, 둘째, 소득수준 및 빈곤실태에서 별거 및 이혼여성의 소득수준이 사별여성에 비해 낮고, 빈곤실태는 두 집단이 유사하다는 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 가구소득 구성에 있어 결혼해체유형과 관계없이 근로소득이 가장 주요한 소득 원천이었으며 넷째, 소득이전의 빈곤감소효과는 사적소득이전이 결혼해체유형에 관계없이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 로지스틱 회귀분석에서는, 사별여성의 빈곤지위에 관련이 있는 변수는 여성의 취업상태(상용직)와 공공부조의 소득이전인 것으로 나타났으나, 사회보험과 사적소득이전의 경우 여성의 빈곤지위와 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 사회보험이 사별여성의 빈곤지위와 관계가 없다는 결과는 한국사회에서 사회보험이 소득보장의 역할을 수행할 정도로 충분히 성숙하지 못한데 기인하는 것으로 추정할 수 있을 것이다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 통해 결혼해체유형에 따라 여성의 소득수준과 빈곤 실태가 상이하며, 이에 대한 공 사적소득이전의 역할 또한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic historical characteristics and its modern trend of Torajan traditional housing architecture in Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The Toraja culture belongs to the cosmological culture with Cosmos centric characteristics. A traditional house, being called 'tongkonan' in Toraja region, is more than just a structure, representing the symbol of family identity and tradition. The Torajan architecture is a combination of the myth and cosmos, also regional conditions. With a short description of the general conditions and spiritual values of the Toraja, this paper explains the space-composition, the stylistic characteristics, the ornamental elements, construction, and its modern trend, etc. In general, it is raised on stilts several metres high, with a dramatically boat-shaped roof. Village layout varies according to size. The houses are arranged in a row, side by side, with their front gables facing north. Each house stands opposite its own rice-barn. The houses with their oblong ground-plans, built on piles set on stones. The interior is divided into three or four rooms, having few window. The houses are embellished with carving and paintings, and the facades display engraved and painted geometric and figural designs. The most frequent motif is the buffalo head, ranging from the realistic to the highly stylized. The Torajan traditional housing have experienced radical changes during the Modern period. In spite of the popularity of new modern house-styles, the traditional architectural style is often now constructed as an icon of Toraja identity. This paper will be helpful for understanding regional diversity of the traditional housing in Southeast Asia.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2015

A bioactive and multifunctional elastin-like polymer (ELP) was produced by genetic engineering techniques to develop new artificial matrices with the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM). The basic composition of this ELP is a thermo- and pH-sensitive elastin pentapeptide which has been enriched with RGD-containing domains, the RGD loop of fibronectin, for recognition by integrin receptors on their sequence to promote efficient cell attachment. Hydrogels of this RGD-containing polymer were obtained by crosslinking with hexamethylene diisocyanate, a lysine-targeted crosslinker. These materials retain the "smart" nature and temperature-responsive character, and the desired mechanical behavior of the elastin-like polymer family. The influence of the degree of crosslinking on the morphology and properties of the matrices were tested by calorimetric techniques and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their mechanical behavior was studied by dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA). These results show the potential of these materials in biomedical applications, especially in the development of smart systems for tissue engineering.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2020

Background: The patatin-related phospholipase AIII family (pPLAIIIs) genes alter cell elongation and cell wall composition in Arabidopsis and rice plant, suggesting diverse commercial purposes of the economically important medicinal ginseng plant. Herein, we show the functional characterization of a ginseng pPLAIII gene for the first time and discuss its potential applications. Methods: pPLAIIIs were identified from ginseng expressed sequence tag clones and further confirmed by search against ginseng database and polymerase chain reaction. A clone showing the highest homology with pPLAIIIβ was shown to be overexpressed in Arabidopsis using Agrobacterium. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze ginseng pPLAIIIβ expression. Phenotypes were observed using a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope. Lignin was stained using phloroglucinol and quantified using acetyl bromide. Results: The PgpPLAIIIβ transcripts were observed in all organs of 2-year-old ginseng. Overexpression of ginseng pPLAIIIβ (PgpPLAIIIβ-OE) in Arabidopsis resulted in small and stunted plants. It shortened the trichomes and decreased trichome number, indicating defects in cell polarity. Furthermore, OE lines exhibited enlarged seeds with less number per silique. The YUCCA9 gene was downregulated in the OE lines, which is reported to be associated with lignification. Accordingly, lignin was stained less in the OE lines, and the expression of two transcription factors related to lignin biosynthesis was also decreased significantly. Conclusion: Overexpression of pPLAIIIβ retarded cell elongation in all the tested organs except seeds, which were longer and thicker than those of the controls. Shorter root length is related to auxinresponsive genes, and its stunted phenotype showed decreased lignin content.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Developing the modern design of Hanok and providing support for the commercialization model development in recent years propelled by the New Hanok Support Strategies of the central government in conjunction with the New Hanok revitalization related projects reflecting local goverments. New Hanok revitalization, the rekindling and revaluing of human behaviors and interests in local goverments following the social and cultural changes of the past decades, has emeraged as an increasingly traditional area of concerning in New Hanok planning. In this paper we attempt to this discussion by describing recent projects in New Hanok revitalization in Jeollanam-do Province. Therefore, this study aims to examine the classification of compound knowledges based multidimensional relationship by using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM). SOM is an unsupervised learning neural network model for the analysis of high-dimensional input data. By using SOM, we were able to create a cluster map reflecting the characteristics of the New Hanok. In this case the pattern of the preference data was easily understood by visual analysis. Liking for compound knowledge deduced from this data was classified into 8 categories according to the compound knowledge properties of New Hanok. As a result, a systematic approach for analysis the characteristics of individual family and living environment of New Hanoks and 10 space usage patterns the changes in some aspects of New Hanok.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2016

Industrialization and Urbanization caused a great influx of rural population into the cities, which caused housing types to change from detached homes to more apartments homes. The official 2014's Statistics (http://kossir.kr) show that half (49.6%) of the Korean population live in apartment buildings and 37.5% live in detached houses. For this reason, the apartments have become the typical housing in Korea. So, the aim of this study is to compare and analyze the internal apartment space of Budang (New-Town) and Wirye (New-Town), since these Budang apartments are the first new-town housing and Wirye apartments are the last new-town housing in Korea. I have used the Convex Analysis of Space Syntax Program in analyzing the inside space of both of these locations' apartments. The results are as follows : First, the inside space of Wirye apartments have more convex space than that of the Budang apartments. Second, the common inside space of the Budang apartments were planned by integration space, on the other hand the inside space of Wirye apartments were planned by segregation space. Third, the master bedroom in both of the locations' apartments were analyzed for their strong integration space which they may have in common. The K (Kitchen) + D (Dining) space in Budang apartments are classified as integration space, on the other hand L (Living) + K + D space is also classified as integration space. The L+K+D space of the Wirye apartments is classified as integration space. Finally, the inside space of the Wirye apartments were planned more for various spaces than that of Budang apartments. The concept of master bedroom in both new-town was not planed for a couple privacy space but the heart of the family.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to clarify the relationship between parenting, job related stress and child care using data from working mother's in Korea and Japan. Methods: In this study, we conducted a survey of 125 Korean mothers who used childcare facilities in two cities and 170 Japan mothers who used childcare facilities in two cities. The questionnaire sought information about the mother's age, age of the youngest child, family composition, mother's occupation, parenting stress, job stress, appropriate parenting behavior and child maltreatment. Based on this survey data, it was tried to reveal the effective paths between parenting stress, job stress, appropriate parenting behavior and child maltreatment in order to provide the rationale for intervention by using SEM. Results: Child care was statistically significantly affected by parenting stress and job stress for both Korean and Japanese working mother's. Conclusions: The results of the research suggest the need to establish work-life balance policies to improve the balanced lives of working mother's.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.593-603
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• 2019

Purpose: Previous studies have highlighted that the nutritional behaviors among South Korean workers are far from ideal. This study examined the organizational influences affecting the eating practices of office workers in South Korea. Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 office workers at 12 companies in South Korea. The interviewer inquired about the employees' daily routines on food and beverage intake. The various factors that influence their food choices in their work environments were also explored. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using a content analysis. Results: A framework analysis revealed 7 key recurring themes, and these were grouped under three levels: team-, company-, and corporate group-levels. First, team dinners are core social events for all the workers and they tend to include high-caloric food and alcoholic beverages. The frequency of team meals and the food associated with them depend on various team characteristics such as gender composition, the nature of a team's work and the team leaders' emphasis on group meals. Second, the company's policies and practices regarding budget allocation for team meals and subsidies for cafeteria meals affect the workers' food intake practices. In addition, the physical environment of the worksite cafeterias can influence the choices of foods. Third, various corporate group policies that were not designed to target food intake had additional positive effects on the workers' eating behaviors. Conclusion: This study provides important insights into the broader organizational influences on the food consumption of employees in their workplace. These insights can be used to design and implement more effective intervention strategies for improving the nutritional behaviors of office workers.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.813-820
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• 1998

This study was performed as a part of comparative biochemical studies of carotenoid pigment for the fresh water fish. Carotenoids in integument of Korean dark sleeper, Odontobutis platycephala, and dark sleeper, Odontobutis odontobutis interrupta, which are all the Korean native fresh water fish, were separated by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography and HPLC. The separated carotenoid were then reduced and isomerized by NaBH4 and I2 respectively to investigate UV-Vis spectrophotometeric patterns and chracterized by IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectrum. The content of total carotenoids in the integument of Korean dark sleeper was 3.01mg% in April, but it was increased to 3.74mg% in September at the near of spawning period. The carotenoid isolated in April consisted of $\beta$-carotene(25.6%), lutein(18.5%) and zeaxanthin(12.0%) as major carotenoids and also contained isocryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin, tunaxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, canthaxanthin and $\alpha$-cryptoxanthin as minor carotenoids. Similarly, in September the carotenoid consisted of $\beta$-carotene(16.5%), zeaxanthin(13.7%) and cynthiaxanthin(13.6%) as major carotenoids and also contained lutein, isocryptoxanthin, tunaxanthin, $\alpha$-cryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin and canthaxanthin as minor carotenoids. At the near of spawning period, the content of cynthiaxanthin and $\alpha$-cryptoxanthin were increased. The content of total carotenoids in the integument of spawning period. T도 carotenoid isolated in April and September consisted of $\beta$-carotene(24.9%, 27.5%), zeaxanthin(14.4%, 20.9%) and lutein(12.6%, 11.4%) as major carotenoids and also contained cynthiaxanthin, tunaxanthin, diatoxanthin, isocryptoxanthin, $\alpha$-cryp-toxanthin and canthaxanthin as minor carotenoids. At the near of spawning period, the content of zeaxanthin was increased, indicating that the carotenoid composition were dependent upon their living conditions and their integument colors. Both Korean dark sleeper and dark sleeper contained high amount of cynthiaxanthin and diatoxanthin which are found as rare carotenoids in the other of fresh water fish. It is interes that they also contained tunaxanthin which is a specific carotenoid in marine fishes.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.301-322
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• 2013

본 연구는 한국노동패널조사의 1~11차 년도(1998~2008년) 자료를 이용하여 가구특성과 빈곤지속기간이 빈곤탈피에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히 빈곤지속기간이 경과할수록 빈곤탈피율이 낮아지는 현상이 진정한 지속기간의존성에 의한 것인지 또는 표본이질성에 기인한 것인지를 검증하고 비관찰 이질성을 통제할 때 독립변수의 영향력이 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석하는데 초점을 두었다. 관찰 비관찰 이질성을 통제하면 지속기간의존성이 대부분 사라진다는 분석결과는 겉으로 보이는 지속기간의존성이 사실은 표본이질성으로 인한 가식적 관계임을 의미한다. 또한 비관찰 이질성을 통제한 모형에서는 가구특성의 영향력이 더욱 커졌다. 연령, 교육수준, 가구형태, 가구원 수 등의 인구 사회적 특성과 취업상태 및 종사상 지위 등 경제활동 특성이 빈곤탈피율에 영향을 미친다.