• 분석과학
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.124-128
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• 2022

혈액을 증강하기 위해 사용하는 시약은 혈액 이외의 다른 물질의 영향을 받아 위양성 혹은 위음성을 나타낼 수 있다. 이런 반응이 일어나면 혈액 증거를 잘못 해석할 수 있으므로 혈흔 증강 시약의 위양성 및 위음성 가능성에 대한 조사는 필수적이다. 산성 과산화수소(acidic hydrogen peroxide, AHP)는 최근에 알려진 혈액 증강 시약으로, 위양성 혹은 위음성을 유발하는지에 대해 알려진 바가 없다. 이를 확인하기 위해 금속 표면, 플라스틱 표면, 종이 표면, 페인트 표면, 음식류, 식물성 기름, 세제류, 석유계 탄화수소에 혈액 20 µL을 남긴 후 AHP를 처리하였다. 이 혈액을 505 nm 광원을 비추며 오렌지색 필터를 통해 관찰 한 결과 모든 물질에서 위양성 혹은 위음성 반응이 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 polyethylene terephthalate 표면, polyvinylchloride 표면, 일부 페인트 표면, 음식류는 AHP를 처리한 혈액 관찰 조건에서 자체 광발광을 나타내 혈액 관찰을 방해한다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese parents' reaction to their children's negative emotions and how these reactions relate to their children's understanding of emotions. Forty-two Chinese children (aged 4) and their parents participated in this study. Coping with Children's Negative Emotion Scale was given to parents to assess their reaction to their children's negative emotions. Children's emotional understanding was assessed using the modified emotional false-belief task and mixed emotion task. The results showed that Chinese parents gave supportive reactions more than non-supportive reactions to their children, and no difference in sex was found. The percentages of correct answers to false-belief task and mixed emotion task were low with no gender difference in both tasks. When age and sex of children were controlled, only fathers' supportive reactions to children's negative emotions significantly explained the variances in the level of children's understanding of emotions in both tasks. That is, children whose fathers showed greater supportive reactions to their negative emotions performed better at both tasks. It was concluded that fathers' supportive reactions to their children's negative emotions are very influential for emotional understanding among 4-year-old children in China.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2000

Purpose : Rotavirus is a most common etiologic agent of pediatric gastroenteritis. The standard method to diagnose rotavirus infection was the detection of viral particles in specimens through electron microscopy. But it was complex. Enzyme immunoassay and latex agglutinin are preferred because they are relatively handy, inexpensive and take a short time, in comparison with electron microscopy. However, several reports have shown that the use of ELISA to diagnose rotavirus infection in neonates can result in false positive reactions. The main purpose of this study is to compare ELISA and RT-PCR in the diagnosis of neonatal rotavirus infection. Methods : Data presented in this study were obtained form 123 newborn babies in the nursery of the Fatima Hospital, Masan, Korea, form Jury to December, 1997. We obtained two samples of stool from each of the newborn babies and then performed the Rotazyme test and the RT-PCR. In the Rotazyme test, the results were interpreted according to visual findings. The samples were used for the RT-PCR test after at stock $-30^{\circ}C$ to identify rotavirus group A. The result of the two tests were compared. Results : The informations are divided into 73 males and females. Out of the total informations 15 were transferred from other hospitals. Their average gestational age was $38.5{\pm}1.6$ weeks. The average birth weight was $3134.8{\pm}539gm$. In the Rotazyme test, 75 samples turned out to be positive. Out of them, 55 samples(75.3%) were positive and 18 samples(24.7%) were negative in the RT-PCR. On the other hand, in the Rotazyme test, 50 samples turned out be negative. Out of them, 27 samples(54%) were positive and 23 samples(46%) were negative in the RT-PCR. Conclusion : Rotavirus infection in uncommon in neonates. The diagnosis based on visual findings using Rotazyme test has a disadvantage in the sense that it can result in false positive reactions and false negative reactions in the diagnosis of neonatal rotavirus infection.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 1982

Results obtained from six secological tests for diagnosing bovine brucellosis-standard plate agglutination test (SPT), standard tube agglutination test(STT), complement fixation test(CFT), Rivanol test (RT), agar gel precipitation test (AGP) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis(CIEP) were compared using 38 sera from brucella reactors and 222 sera from dairy and beef cattle in field. The SPT gave 1.6% apparent false negative reactions and 15.4% apparent false positive reactions when compared with STT which is an official test for bovine brucellosis in this country. The distribution of antibody titers determined by STT showed that 37.5% of 38 reactors had antibody titers ranging from 100 to 200, and the remaining 62.5% had antibody titers of 400 or higher. when 38 reactor judged by STT were tested by CFT and RT, 32 cattle(82.4%) were positive by CFT and 33 cattle (86.8%) were positive by RT, respectively. This results suggest that RT is comparable to CFT in the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. The results also indicated that both AGP and CIEP were insensitive to detect brucella infection in cattle.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.54-57
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• 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by severe acute syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs the unprecedented pandemic during recent two years and the WHO declared a global pandemic of COVID-19 in March 2020. The most common sampling sites in COVID-19 test are the oropharynx and nasopharynx. We recently encountered a total laryngectomee who had a positivity COVID-19 diagnostic test from the tracheostoma, on the other hand, false negativity from the nasal cavity. The meaning of this case is that accurate screening test could be achieved by performing a test through the tracheostoma as well as nasal cavity or oropharynx. We also would like to discuss the accurate testing methods of patients whose airflow has distorted due to surgery, the management method of these patients, and the need of further research in the COVID-19 pandemic period with relevant literature reviews.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2013

소변검사는 신장질환과 기타전신질환의 진단에 매우 중요한 검사이다. 요시험지봉검사을 이용하면 짧은 시간에 소변의 여러 가지 화학 성상(pH, 비중, 단백, 당, 케톤체, 잠혈, 빌리루빈, 우로빌리노겐, 아질산염, 백혈구-에스테라제)을 동시에 검사할 수 있다. 요시험지봉검사는 관련된 화학반응이 복잡하여 소변에 존재하는 산화물질, 환원물질, 착색물질의 영향을 받을 수 있어 위양성 위음성 반응이 흔히 발생한다. 요시험지봉검사로 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 얻기 위해서는 검체를 깨끗하게 채집하고 주의를 기울여 검사해야 하며 요시험지봉검사 결과를 제대로 이용하기 위해서는 검사의 원리를 잘 이해할 필요가 있다. 요시험지봉검사에서 혈뇨, 단백뇨, 요로감염이 의심되면 확진을 위해 요검경검사를 실시하여야 한다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.132-142
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• 2023

서울대학교병원 진단면역검사실에서 HLA 형별 검사를 위한 결과 산출하는 과정에서 HLA-DR 검사 시행 건수 총 611건 중 Lot No.20의 시약에서 빈번히 나타나는 위양성과 위음성으로 의심되는 특이 bead 들의 반응을 발견하게 되었다. 따라서 정확한 결과 산출과정을 모색하기 위하여 특이 bead들의 cut-off 수정을 하지 않은 검사결과 533건과 특이 bead의 cut-off 수정을 한 뒤 결과 산출을 한 78건의 사례들을 가지고 cut-off 수정을 야기시키는 요인을 여러 변수로서 규명하고자 하였다. 검체대상의 인구통계특성과 cut-off 수정 여부를 확인하기 위해 빈도분석, 검사실의 습도를 변수로 넣어 기술통계를 진행하였고, cut-off 수정 여부와 인구통계특성의 연관성을 확인하기 위하여 교차분석을 시행, cut-off 수정 여부에 따른 습도의 차이를 검증하기 위해 독립표본 t검증을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 습도수준에 따른 cut-off 수정비율의 관계를 검증하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과적으로 검사실의 습도 수준이 증가함에 따라 cut-off 수정사례는 0.986배 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 습도가 낮아질수록 cut-off 수정률이 증가한다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 검사실의 습도 또한 HLA typing 결과에 영향을 미치는 요인임을 시사한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2015

Various constituents in clinical specimens, particularly feces, can inhibit the PCR assay and lead to false-negative results. To ensure that negative results of a diagnostic PCR assay are true, it should be properly monitored by an inhibition control. In this study, a cloning vector harboring a modified target DNA sequence (${\approx}375bp$) was constructed to be used as a competitive internal amplification control (IAC) for a conventional PCR assay that detects ${\approx}550bp$ of the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene sequence in human feces. Modification of the native PCR target was carried out using a new approach comprising inverse PCR and restriction digestion techniques. IAC was included in the assay, with the estimated optimum concentration of 1 fg per reaction, as duplex PCR. When applied on fecal samples spiked with variable oocysts counts, ${\approx}2$ oocysts were theoretically enough for detection. When applied on 25 Cryptosporidium-positive fecal samples of various infection intensities, both targets were clearly detected with minimal competition noticed in 2-3 samples. Importantly, both the analytical and the diagnostic sensitivities of the PCR assay were not altered with integration of IAC into the reactions. When tried on 180 randomly collected fecal samples, 159 were Cryptosporidium-negatives. Although the native target DNA was absent, the IAC amplicon was obviously detected on gel of all the Cryptosporidium-negative samples. These results imply that running of the diagnostic PCR, inspired with the previously developed DNA extraction protocol and the constructed IAC, represents a useful tool for Cryptosporidium detection in human feces.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2021

이 연구는 코로나19가 야기한 인포데믹 상황에서 유튜브상에서 확산된 코로나19 백신 관련 영상의 주요 특성과 이용자 반응의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 코로나19 백신 관련 영상 579개에 대한 내용분석 결과, 허위정보는 모두 개인 채널이 저자인 것으로 나타났으며, 기관 및 단체, 언론사, 정부 채널에서는 사실 중심 보도와 더불어 허위정보에 대한 보도도 한 축을 이룬 것으로 나타났다. 진보 성향의 채널은 백신 접종을 찬성하는 긍정적 정서의 비율이 높았고, 보수 성향의 채널은 백신 접종에 반대하는 부정적 정서의 비율이 높았다. 백신 접종이 시작된 이후에 정부 채널의 영상이 증가했고, 긍정적 정서의 영상이 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 좋아요 수에 영향을 미치는 영상의 특성 요인을 회귀분석을 통해 알아본 결과, 개인 전문가 영상, 진보 성향 채널의 영상이 좋아요를 더 많이 받은 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 종합하여 소셜미디어를 활용한 코로나19 백신 관련 정부 정책 홍보 방안에 대해 제시하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2008

The mixotrophic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides was reported to be linked to major fish kills in Korea and Japan since the 1990s. Rapid and sensitive detection of microalgae has been problematic because morphological identification of dinoflagellates requires light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations that are time consuming and laborious compared to real-time PCR. To address this issue, a real-time PCR probe targeting the ITS2 rRNA gene was used for rapid detection and quantification of C. polykrikoides. PCR inhibitors in water column samples were removed by dilution of template DNA for elimination of false-negative reactions. A strong association between cell quantification using real-time PCR and microscopic counts suggests that the real-time PCR assay is an alternative method for cell estimation of C. polykrikoides in environment samples.