• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2006

Fallow paddy areas have been increased due to the import of cheap agricultural product, and the unbalance between farming cost and rice price since 1990. The increasing fallow paddy area needs to be protected from the devastation by weed breeding for the re-cultivation. In this study, two fallow paddy fields managed with different water depth were selected for monitoring and analysing of water quality, water balance and plant body change. The managed fallow paddy fields were more effective in water quality purification and plants growth control than non-managed fallow paddy fields. And the fallow paddy field managed with some degree of water depth was the most effective field in terms of weed control.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.211-214
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• 1998

휴경답에서의 휴경년한에 따른 토양의 이화학적 특성과 주요 영양분의 변화 및 잡초종의 식생 변화를 조사하였다. 휴경년한이 경과할수록 휴경답 토양의 유기물 함량이 증가하였으며 pH는 휴경후 3년까지는 변화가 없었으나 이후로는 다소 증가하였다. 토양의 양이온치환용량 및 치환성 N, K, Ca, Mg의 함량은 휴경후 3년까지는 감소하였으나 휴경년한이 길어지면서 증가하였다. 유효 $P_2O_5$의 함량은 휴경년한이 길어지면서 지속적으로 감소한 반면 유효 $SiO_2$의 함량은 3년까지는 변화가 없었으나 그이후로는 증가하였다. 휴경답에서의 잡초종 구성은 초기에는 화본과, 사초과 및 국화과가 주종을 이루었으며 휴경년한이 경과할수록 마디풀과와 골풀과의 잡초 발생이 증가하는 반면 콩과, 물옥잠과, 닭의장풀과, 바늘꽃과의 잡초 발생이 점차 감소하였다. 그러나 화본과의 사초과의 잡초종은 휴경년한의 경과와는 관계없이 항상 우점종으로 발생하였다. 일반적으로 휴경화가 진전될수록 일년생 잡초종에 비해 다년생 잡초종의 발생 비율이, 또한 논 잡초종에 비해 밭 잡초종의 발생 비율이 높아지는 경향이 뚜렷하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

A number of fallow paddies field continues to increase because of adverse agricultural circumstance such as upsurge income of foreign products, increase of labor costs in local community, imbalance between productivity and profitability etc. Such fallow paddies are necessary to be protected against weeds and trees. If fallow paddies are not managed, it will be devastated and needed cost for re-cultivation. Therefore, management of gradually increased fallow paddy fields should be conducted. In this study, the effect of plants growth inhibition and water quality purification through the control of flood in fallow paddy were examined in an experimental field. The managed and unmanaged fallow paddies through the control of water depth were constructed in the experimental field. The monitoring was conducted from 2005 to 2007. As the result, the managed fallow paddies were more effective than the unmanaged ones on the growth inhibition and water purification. In addition, when the fallow paddy is managed with regular water depth, it was the most effective in the plants growth inhibition.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2009

2004년에서 2005년까지 전 남북지역 휴경 논에 발생하는 식물, 해충 및 천적의 발생종류 및 발생정도를 조사하였다. 휴경 논에 발생하는 식물 종은 32과 124종, 해충은 30과 58종, 천적은 9과 11종 이었다. 식물 종은 벼과(Poaceae)와 국화과(Asteraceae)가 각각 28, 18종으로 발생량이 많았으며, 해충은 쌕새기, 애긴노린재, 시골가시허리노린재, 가시점둥글노린재, 끝동매미충, 애멸구 및 각다귀 1종의 발생량이 많았다. 휴경 논에 발생하는 해충 중 끝동매미충과 애멸구는 $5{\sim}6$월에 발생이 가장 적었고, 애멸구는 $8{\sim}9$월에 발생량이 가장 많았다. 천적곤충으로는 실잠자리류, 무당벌레, 꼬마남생이무당벌레, 꽃등에의 발생이 많았다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Epigeic arthropods participate in ecological functions as predators, decomposers and herbivores. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of some dominant arthropods in rice fields to different forms of agricultural land management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The abundance of microarthropods was compared between rice fields and uplands in the non-growing season. Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata were more abundant in the upland fields than in the paddy fields. The community composition and diversity of epigeic arthropods were compared between fallow and rice fields. The total abundance and species richness of spiders and ground beetles were not significantly different in the two types of agricultural fields. The abundance of Arctosa kwangreungensis was greater in fallow fields than in cultivated fields. The community structure of arthropods was compared between paddy fields with and without barley. The cropping system altered the community composition of spiders but not their biodiversity. Barley cultivation increased the abundance of ground beetles but decreased that of spiders. We suggest that this contrast was partly due to the availability of plants that provided shelter and food for ground beetles. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and cropping system alter the community composition of epigeic spiders and ground beetles. This could result in ecosystem-level alterations with respect to the control of pests and weeds. Our results also suggest that biodiversity of ground-dwelling arthropods may not increase during short fallow periods.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.237-241
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• 1984

이 시험은 우리나라 남부지방에 있어서 끝동매미충의 알에 기생율이 높은 Paracentrobia andoi의 포장생태에 대해서 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 월동후 활동은 3월상순부터 활발하였으며 4월상순 이후 부터는 휴한답로 옮겨가는 경향이였다. 2 .휴한답의 둑새풀에서 끝동매미충의 알에 대한 기생율은 끝동매미충의 산란최성기인 4월하순에서 5월상순 사이에 $21\%$ 높은 경향이였다. 3. 휴한답에서 지역별 평균 기생율은 거창과 남지는 $0\%$, 남해, 김해 및 진주는 $9.6\~29.2\%$였다. 4. 본답에 있어서 이 알기생봉은 3회 발생을 하였으며 발생최성기는 8월중순과 10월초순경이였다. 5. 본답기에 있어서 끝동매미충의 2세기충(6월하순경 발생)과 3세대충(8월하순경 발생)에 대한 이 알기생봉의 평균 기생율은 각각 $16.5\%$와 $36.7\%$였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.98-110
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• 1994

논 주변에 서식하는 거미의 종류, 우점종, 월동상태, 증식상황, 이동상황, 년중 밀도변동상황 등을 파악하여 종합적 해충방제체계에 있어서 논거미의 보호 및 활용방안을 모색하고자, 경남 진주와 남해에서 1987년 12월부터 1988년 12월까지 논주변을 논둑, 보리밭, 휴한답, 본답 등으로 나누어 월 2${\sim}$4회 채집하고 종류와, 각 발육태별 밀도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 거미는 총 10과 31속 34종이 채집되며, 논둑에서 34종, 보리밭에서 16종, 휴한답에서 17종, 본답에서 18종으로 나타나 논둑에서 종 구성이 다양하였다. 2. 진주와 남해의 각 채집장소별 논둑과 보리밭에서는 별늑대거미(Pardosa astrigera L. Koch), 휴한답에서는 황산적거미(Pirata subpiraticus (B. et S.)), 본답에서는 턱거미(Pachygnatha clercki Sunduvall)로 나타났다. 3. 논 주변 거미의 서식장소, 월동태, 거미줄 유무등 생태학적 특성과 과(科)(Family) 또는 속(屬)(Genera) 수준의 분류학적 특징으로 다음과 같은 9개의 거미군(Group)으로 분류할 수 있었다. Group 1 - 부이표늑대거미류(Pirata spp.); Group 2 - 턱거미류(Pachygnatha clercki); Group 3 - 소형정주성거미류(Theridiidae, Erigonidae, Linypiidae); Group 4 - 갈거미류(Tetragnatha spp.); Group 5 - 황닷거미류(Dolomedes surfureus); Group 6 - 긴마디늑대거미류(Pardosa spp.). Group 7 - 깡충거미류(Salticidae); Group 8 - 게거미류(Thomisidae); Group 9 - 염낭거미류(Clubionidae); 4. 9개 거미군 중 1-5군은 호습성 거미류로서 본 답기에 벼해충의 중요한 천적으로 여겨지며, 6-9군은 건조한 곳을 선호하는 거미류로서 논둑에서 월동중인 애멸구와 끝동매미충의 천적으로서 역할이 클 것으로 인식되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.659-671
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• 2021

The physicochemical properties of soil and the yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Sailmi) were assessed using Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Kowinearly)-rice double cropping systems in the paddy fields at Goseong and Miryang in southern Korea. The average temperatures during the ripening period were approximately 1 ℃ higher than the optimal temperature for rice ripening and the sunshine duration was reduced by frequent rainfall. Consequently, it was slightly below the optimal conditions required for rice ripening. In the soil at Goseong, winter Italian ryegrass cropping increased the pH, electrical conductivity, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen (T-N), available P₂O₅, K, Ca, and Mg than winter fallowing. Particularly, the contents of T-N and available P₂O₅increased significantly. In the soil at Miryang, Italian ryegrass slightly increased the electrical conductivity and the T-N, Mg, and Na contents. Therefore, winter Italian ryegrass cropping improved the physicochemical properties of paddy soils; however, Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping slightly reduced the culm length at both Goseong and Miryang, without markedly changing the panicle length or number compared to fallow-rice cropping. Furthermore, at Goseong, Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping slightly decreased the spikelet number and milled rice yield, and increased the ripened grain rate; however, at Miryang, contrasting results were observed. In addition, fallow-rice cropping revealed no differences in the head rice or opaque rice rates. The protein content was slightly increased in Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping, without significant changes in the amylose content or Toyo value, compared to that in fallow-rice cropping. The peak and breakdown viscosities were slightly decreased. These results indicate that winter Italian ryegrass cropping might alter rice taste but may not exhibit remarkable negative effects on rice cultivation. Therefore, Italian ryegrass-rice double cropping system is recommended for paddy fields in southern Korea. Nevertheless, to increase the rice yield and quality, fertilization standards for rice cropping that consider the changes in the T-N and organic matter contents in paddy fields caused by winter Italian ryegrass cropping need to be established.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2005년도 국제학술회의
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• pp.138-139
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• 2005

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

This study was carried out to provide preliminary data for increasing biodiversity in agricultural ecosystem and investigate availability of using Tubificidae spp. for environment-friendly agriculture through the survey of growth of Tubificidae spp. in flooded paddy fields during winter. We estimated the number of Tubificidae spp. in rice paddy where had been flooded during the previous winter in Ganghwa-gun, Suwon-si, and Hwaseong-si (Bongdam-eup and Paltan-myeon) between March and April from 2010 to 2012. During growing period of rice, the number of Tubificidae spp. was compared between flooded and non-flooded paddy field in Ganghwa-gun. As results, mean density of Tubificidae spp. in winter flooded paddy field was 7,235.5 $ind./m^2$ in Ganghwa-gun, 14,347.5 $ind./m^2$ in Suwon-si, 59,989.9 $ind./m^2$ in Bongdam-eup, and 2,610.6 $ind./m^2$ in Paltan-myeon. Mean density of Tubificidae spp. was the highest in flooded paddy fields of Bongdam-eup that was kept wet until rice harvest time and had shallow water. While mean density was the lowest in Paltan-myeon where had deep water and later flooded paddy field than others. In Ganghwa-gun, during growing period of rice, mean density of Tubificidae spp. in flooded paddy fields (171,109.0 $ind./m^2$) and flooded fallow paddy fields (321,084.2 $ind./m^2$) was much higher than non-flooded paddy fields (1,006.6 $ind./m^2$). Flooded paddy field during winter can help increase the number of Tubificidae spp. which can control weeds and enhance biodiversity in paddy fields for environment-friendly agriculture. Early flooding and shallow water of paddy fields could be a good agriculture practice to encourage the growth of Tubificidae spp..