• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

Background : The purpose of this study was to investigate on the ankle pain, Range of Motion(ROM) and balance ability with old man have fall down experience used to ankle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks. We introduced ankle strengthening exercise in this study in order to recover the pain, ankle ROM and balance ability. Methods : Twenty-four old mans have fall down experience were included for the study. Among them, twelve old mans(experimental group) were ankle strengthening exercise and physical science methods(H/P, TENS, U/S), another twelve old mans(control group) were treated by physical science methods(H/P, TENS, U/S). Each group made use of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) to pain and goniometer to ankle ROM and Berg Balance Test(BBS) to balance ability to compare the possible changes of pain, ROM and balance ability in two groups after treatment. Results : In experimental group, pain reduced, ankle ROM has increased in dorsi-flexion, plantar-flexion and balance ability has increased for 6 weeks. In control group, pain reduced, ankle ROM has not changed in dorsi-flextion, plantar-flextion and balance ability has not changed for 6 weeks. Conclusion : According to the results, we concluded that ankle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks is effective for reducing pain and increasing ankle ROM and balance ability. Therefore, we thought the old man have fall dawn experience need ankle strengthening exercise for prevention repeatedly fall down.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.56-60
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• 2017

본 논문은 영상처리 기반의 낙상 감지 알고리즘의 설계 및 구현에 관한 내용을 기술한다. 영상처리 기반의 낙상 감지 알고리즘은 카메라로 획득한 입력 영상을 그레이 스케일 변환 후 배경차분과 이진화를 통해 객체를 분리하고, 라벨링을 통해 인체를 인식한다. 인식된 인체는 출력 영상으로 확인이 가능하며 낙상을 감지하게 되면 알람이 발생한다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 알고리즘을 실험한 결과 90%의 검출율을 보여주었다. DSP 영상처리 보드에 구현한 시제품 시험을 통하여 기능을 검증함으로서 실용화 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of?children with fall-down injuries according to age groups and to analyze the major trauma groups that were treated at the emergency room (ER). Methods: Among 1,222 children under age 6 who were treated at the ER from January 2008 to December 2009, a retrospective study was conducted through examination of medical records. The children were classified by age into 3 groups: infant, toddler, and pre-schooler. In each group, the differences between the causative factors that led to the fall-down injuries were analyzed. Also, ISS (Injury Severity Score) score above 4 was classified as major trauma, and an ISS score 0-1 was classified as a minor trauma. The relationship between major trauma and age group was also analyzed. Results: Through an analysis of child fall-down injuries, men (56.6%), toddler (47.3%), head-related symptoms (72.9%), furniture-related traumas (80.2%), and falls from less than a 1-m height (69.9%) were found to be common factors. Furthermore, in radiological studies, fractures and brain hemorrhages accounted for 16.9% of major traumas, and simple skull fractures were the most common (21.4%). Distributed according to age group, the factors relevant to fall injuries were fall height and head-related symptoms for infants, accident site, fall height and head-related symptoms for toddlers, and accident site for pre-schoolers (p<0.05). Also, headrelated symptoms and fall height were independent factors of major trauma in all age groups. However, major traumas (17.3%) were related to dumped trauma, fall height and accident site (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study was mainly about head-related injuries, and toddler were most common victims. The relevant factors for the major trauma were falling height for infants, accident site and falling height for toddlers, and accident site, falling height for pre-schoolers.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the fumanet exercise program on the cognitive function and fall down-related physical fitness factor in elderly people. Method: The study period was May 2-June 24, 2016. The participants included 20 elderly persons (control group 10, experimental group 10) who registered at the day-care Center in G. City. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the control and experimental groups' general characteristics. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to identify the two groups' general characteristics' and dependent variables' homogeneity. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the pre-and post-intervention cognitive function and fall down-related physical fitness factor, and a Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the rate of cognitive function and fall down-related physical fitness factor changes between the groups after the intervention. Result: The participants' fall down-related physical fitness factors (balance, gait, leg strength) increased and memory in the cognitive function sub-area improved in the participants who participated in the fumanet exercise program. The amount of change in gait was significantly different between the control and experimental groups. Conclusion: The fumanet exercise program included gait training using the learn, remember and repeat phased steps. Therefore, this study proposes using the fumanet exercise program to improve the elderly's cognitive function and physical fitness factor.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.302-314
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• 2024

연구목적: 본 연구는 지하공동구 내 다수 작업자의 낙상을 자동으로 판별하기 위한 Top-down 방식의 딥러닝 자세 추정 모델 기반 낙상 검출 모델을 제안하고, 제안 모델의 성능을 평가한다. 연구방법: Top-down 방식의 자세 추정모델 중 하나인 YOLOv8-pose로부터 추론된 결과와 낙상 판별 규칙을 결합한 모델을 제시하고, 지하공동구 내 2인 이하 작업자가 출현한 기립 및 낙상 이미지에 대해 모델 성능지표를 평가하였다. 또한 동일한 방법으로 Bottom-up 방식 자세추정모델(OpenPose)을 적용한 결과를 함께 분석하였다. 두 모델의 낙상 검출 결과는 각 딥러닝 모델의 작업자 인식 성능에 의존적이므로, 작업자 쓰러짐과 함께 작업자 존재 여부에 대한 성능지표도 함께 조사하였다. 연구결과: YOLOv8-pose와 OpenPose의 모델의 작업자 인식 성능은 F1-score 기준으로 각각 0.88, 0.71로 두 모델이 유사한 수준이었으나, 낙상 규칙을 적용함에 따라 0.71, 0.23로 저하되었다. 작업자의 신체 일부만 검출되거나 작업자간 구분을 실패하여, OpenPose 기반 낙상 추론 모델의 성능 저하를 야기한 것으로 분석된다. 결론: Top-down 방식의 딥러닝 자세 추정 모델을 사용하는 것이 신체 관절점 인식 및 개별 작업자 구분 측면에서 지하공동구 내 작업자 낙상 검출에 효과적이라 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1330-1338
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• 2011

Social activities of the elderly have been increasing as our society progresses toward an aging society. As their activities increase, so does the occurrence of falls that could lead to fractures. Falls are serious health hazards to the elderly. Therefore, development of a device that can detect fall accidents and prevent fracture is essential. In this study, we developed a portable fall detection system for the fracture prevention system of the elderly. The device is intended to detect a fall and activate a second device such as an air bag deployment system that can prevent fracture. The fall detection device contains a 3-axis acceleration sensor and two 2-axis tilt sensors. We measured acceleration and tilt angle of body during fall and activities of daily(ADL) living using the fall detection device that is attached on the subjects'. Moving mattress which is actuated by a pneumatic system was used in fall experiments and it could provide forced falls. Sensor data during fall and ADL were sent to computer and filtered with low-pass filter. The developed fall detection device was successful in detecting a fall about 0.1 second before a severe impact to occur and detecting the direction of the fall to provide enough time and information for the fracture preventive device to be activated. The fall detection device was also able to differentiate fall from ADL such as walking, sitting down, standing up, lying down, and running.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제11권sup호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2012

In this study, a real-time fall detection system based on a smartphone equipped with three-axis accelerometer and magnetometer was proposed and evaluated. The proposed system provides a service that detects falls in real time, triggers alarm sound, and sends emergency SMS(Short Message Service) if the alarm is not deactivated within a predefined time. When both of the acceleration magnitude and angle displacement of the smartphone attached to waist belt are greater than predefined thresholds, it is detected as a fall. The proposed system was evaluated against activities of daily living(walking, jogging, sitting down, standing up, ascending stairs, and descending stairs) and unintended falls induced by a proprietary pneumatic-powered mattress. With the thresholds of acceleration magnitude 1.7g and angle displacement $80^{\circ}$, it showed 96.5% accuracy to detect the falls while all the activities of daily living were not detected as fall.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2010

지역사회 여성노인에게 적용한 작업치료가 균형 능력에 미치는 영향을 규명하여 노인들의 낙상 예방을 위한 작업치료의 효용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 자립보행이 가능하고 균형에 영향을 주는 약물 복용을 하지 않는 65세 이상 여성 노인들을 대상으로 실험군 13명, 대조군 13명으로 분류하여 낙상 예방을 위한 교육과 운동을 병행한 6주 간의 작업치료프로그램을 적용하였다. 균형 능력 평가는 Berg 균형척도와 Tetrax 낙상지수가 사용되었다. 실험 결과, 실험군의 Berg 균형척도는 6주간의 프로그램 적용을 통하여 48.38에서 50.69로 유의한 수준의 변화를 나타내었으며(p=.017). 실험군의 Tetrax 낙상지수 또한 6주간의 프로그램 적용을 통하여 46.77에서 35.54으로 유의한 수준의 변화를 나타내었다(p=.000).대조군의 Berg 균형척도와 Tetrax 낙상지수는 모두에서 유의한 수준의 변화를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때 낙상예방 교육과 운동을 병행한 낙상예방 작업치료 프로그램의 6주 간의 적용이 노인의 균형 능력증진에 효과적이라는 것을 알았으며, 추후 낙상 예방 교육의 효과만을 다룬 연구들이 시행되어야 할 것이다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2011

The population of elderly people increases rapidly as our society moves towards the aged one. Healthcare for the elderly becomes an important issue and falling down is one of the critical problems although not well recognized. In this study, a fall detection system was developed using a 3-axis accelerometer. Analyzing fall patterns, we took into account the degree of impact, posture angle, the repetitions of similar movements and the activities after a potential fall and proposed an algorithm of fall detection. Information of the fall sensor was sent to a remote healthcare server through the wireless networks of Zigbee and WLAN. Our system was designed to monitor multiples users. 12 persons participated in experiment and each one performed 24 different movements. Our proposed algorithm was compared with other reported ones. Our method produced the excellent results having a sensitivity of 96.4 % and a specificity of 100 % whereas other methods had a sensitivity range between 87.5 % and 94.8 % and a specificity range between 63.5 % and 83.3 %.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2019

Purpose : This study assessed the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients, using a cohort of 30 stroke patients divided into two groups. Methods : The experimental group (was given transcranial direct current stimulation in a virtual reality program) and the control group was given false tDCS in virtual reality. there were 15 patients in each group, receiving appropriate treatment over 30 sessions (30 minutes per session per week over a six-week period). In order to assess the change in balance before and after the intervention, the Berg Balance scale was utilized. Fall efficacy was evaluated using the Korean Falls Efficacy Scale for the Elderly (FES-K), The following exercises were performed by patients to assess fall-related fitness : sitting down in a chair and standing up : walking a 244 cm round= trip, and standing on one foot. Results : After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significantly increased fall efficacy and fall-related fitness, while the control group exhibited no change. These findings suggest that tDCS has positive effects on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients. Conclusion : Using tDCS as an intervention would bring positive effects on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation.