• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2015

The use of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) in the transition zone is limited because of a lack of cold hardiness although zoysiagrass has many advantages compared to other warm-season and cool-season grasses. Late-fall N fertilization is often applied for darker green color of turfgrass in early spring and more extensive root growth without rapid top growth. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of late fall N application and turf cover for zoysiagrass spring green-up. Clear polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film was used for turf cover. The amount of N applied were 5 and $10g\;N\;m^{-2}$ for the low and high N rate treatments, respectively. Covered zoysiagrass had greater turfgrass color and quality in early spring than non-covered zoysiagrass. The high N rate had 0.6 to 2.3 greater turfgrass quality than the low N rate on 7 of 9 rating dates. Slow-release N as late fall fertilization is more effective for turfgrass color and quality than fast-release N in spring. Turf cover could reduce the period of yellow zoysiagrass, and the earlier time of spring green-up could be advanced by increasing turfgrass quality and growth of zoysiagrass.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.533-539
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• 2015

본 연구는 여성노인에게 적용한 복합하지근력운동프로그램이 노인의 낙상위험도에 미치는 영향을 알아 보기 위하여 W시 소재 복지관을 이용하는 여성노인 20명을 대상으로 운동그룹(EG:Exercise Group, n=10명, 평균나이:$69.6{\pm}2.2$), 운동프로그램에 참여하지 않은 통제군(CG:Control Group, n=10명, 평균나이:$71.3{\pm}4.6$)으로 나누어 배정하여 12주간 복합하지 근력운동프로그램을 실시하고 낙상위험도 검사를 위하여 BBS(Berg Balance Scale)와 OLST(One-Leg Stance Test)를 이용하여 적용한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. BBS 변화 결과 EG와 CG그룹간의 유의한 차이가 나타났고 OLST의 변화 결과 EG와 CG그룹간의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 따라서 낙상의 위험도가 높은 노인을 대상으로 복합하지근력운동프로그램의 적용만으로도 낙상위험도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

Fall-arrest system have been widely applied to provide a safe stop during fall incidents for occupational activities. This research object to evaluate the energy capacity of fall arrest shock energy absorber lanyard in relation to the used super fiber. In this work, shock energy absorber lanyard was prepared using high tenacity PET, high tenacity PET/P-aramid and high tenacity PET/UHMWPE, respectively. Dynamic load and static load tests based on the Korea fall protection equipment standard(Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency standard 2013-13) were conducted. Maximum arrest force by dynamic load test of shock energy absorber showed below 6,000N. Also, static strength by static load test of lanyard and rope remains 15,000N and 22,000N for 1 min.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.635-641
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• 2012

In Korea, slurry composted and biofiltered (SCB) liquid fertilizer is produced through the composting and biofiltering of animal waste. An appropriate guidelines involving proper treatment of SCB liquid fertilizer on turfgrass should be considered. An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum application amount, timing, and frequency of SCB liquid fertilizer for Zoysia japonica 'Millock'. The SCB liquid fertilizer was applied in low, medium, and high amount (N at 15, 25, and 40 $g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ per year in 2010, and 10, 20, and 40 $g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ per year in 2011, respectively) and treated during the growing season or dormancy period. During the growing season, SCB liquid fertilizer was applied twice or four times. The greatest improvement in turf quality for both years was in SCB plots applied four times with N at 40 $g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ per year during the growing season (SH4). This treatment exhibited turf color retention in the fall, and enhanced clipping yield during the growing and fall seasons. SCB plots with four times during the growing season (SL4, SM4, and SH4) exhibited higher shoot density relative to the same amount of other SCB treatments. Plots treated during the dormancy period also showed a high turf color index during the next growing season in 2011. The results indicate that SCB with high amount up to N at 40 $g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ per year applied four times during the growing season and dormant application produced high turf quality and growth, and could be recommended as an optimum application guide.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.569-582
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to verify the impact protection performance and to evaluate the activity, design, fit, and pad characteristics of the fall impact protection clothing for elderly women. The protective clothing was designed as pants type and underwear type, and an impact protection pad in the form of a tightly connected regular hexagon piece was inserted in the hip and hip joints. The pad was made of two kinds of foam single pad and foam and gel combination pad so that they could be inserted into pants type and underwear type, respectively. The results of the shock absorption performance of the fall impact protective clothing showed that when the impact force of 4601N was applied to the pants type protective clothing, the impact force was reduced by 29% in the foam pad type and 26% in the gel and foam pad type. When the force of 5113N was applied to the underwear type, it decreased by 40% in the foam pad type and by 34% in the gel and foam pad type. As a result of wearing evaluation of subject group, it was found that fit and activity of underwear type was better than that of pants type. Foam pad type was evaluated to be lighter than gel and foam pad type in both the subject and the expert group and the gel and foam pad was evaluated to be more flexible in the expert group.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1187-1192
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• 1996

It is known that an unbiased estimator of f(p) for binomial B(n,p) exists if and only if f is a polynomial of degree at most n, in which case the unbiased estimator of a real-valued function $f(p), p = (p_0,p_1,\cdots,p_r)$ is unique. In general, this estimator has the serious fault of not being range preserving; that is, its value may fall outside the range of f(p). In this article, a condition on a real-valued function f is derived that is necessary for the unbiased estimator to be range preserving that this is sufficient when n is large enough.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2000

1998년 11월 18일에 $2.7{\times}2.7m$ 거리로 재식된 11년생 궁천조생온주 4주에 5 atom % 15N를 요소로 19.68 g 주-1의 N, $58kg\;ha^{-1}$의 $K_2O$을 시용하였고, 1999년 3월 22일에 104, 308, $62kg\;ha^{-1}$의 N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$를 6월 12일에 42 and $83kg\;ha^{-1}$의 N와, $K_2O$를 시용하여 재배한 후 1999년 6월 15일과 12월 8일에 각각 2주씩 굴취 해체하여 전질소 및 가을시용질소 함유량을 수체 부위별로 조사하였다. 과실, 잎줄기, 뿌리에의 전질소함유량의 분포비율은 6월 굴취 때에 각각 주당 전질소 총함유량(168.2g)의 11.9, 42.1, 29.7, 16.3%이었고, 12월 굴취 때에 각각 주당 전질소 총함유량 (169.8g)의 27.6, 36.4, 22.8. 13.1%이었다. 수체 질소 중 가을시용질소에서 유래된 질소의 비율은 두 굴취 시기 모두 새로 발생된 기관에서 현저히 높았다. 6월 굴취 때의 가을시용질소 회수율은 18.5%(3.63g 주-1)이었고, 주당 가을시용질소 총함유량의 21.1, 50.4, 21.5, 7.9%가 각각 과실 잎, 줄기, 뿌리에 분포되어 있었다. 12월 굴취 때의 가을시용질소 회수율은 17.0%(3.35g 주-1)이었고 가을시용질소 총함유량의 39.6, 40.5, 14.5, 5.3%가 각각 과실, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리에 분포되어 있다. 전질소에 비하여 두 시기 모두 가을시용질소에서 유래된 질소는 대사적으로 활발한 조직에 보다 많이 축적된 반면 오래된 조직에는 보다 적게 축적되었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2009

The undisturbed specimens used in this research were sampled in the field by the sequential sampling method. In addition, four testing methods were applied to identify for the characteristics and classification of weathered strata. N-value by standard penetration test was obtained from in the field and then analyzed using normalization method. Other methods such as X-ray grain size distribution, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF), and fall cone test were carried out in the lab. These analyzed results indicate that distribution of particle, composition of minerals are changed in accordance with the degree of weathering, unusual strata and depth. Consequently, the weathered strata can be extensively separated into two parts according to the test results and each part was shown different in the strata characteristics. It can be prospected that mechanical characteristics should be different, even though mechanical tests were not applied. Furthermore, these results not only make up for the error by one testing method but also contribute more effectively and economically to the design and the construction.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.132-141
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• 2015

Fall-arrest systems(maximum arrest force and allowable free-fall) have been widely applied to provide a safe stop during fall incidents for various industrial activities. Fabric structure affects on the mechanical properties of shock energy absorber. The object of this study is to perform the basic research for the evaluation of the capacity of fall arrest energy absorber in relation to the different interlace yarn density. In this work, pack style energy absorber was prepared by weaving 10 types(Interlace yarn density used high tenacity PET 1000D : 60, 59, 58, 57, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51). The paper presents the results of theoretical investigations of the performance of adjustable absorber during fall arrest. Dynamic load tests based on the EU fall protection equipment standard(CE : EN355:2002) were conducted. Results showed that the maximum arrest force by dynamic load test of energy absorber was satisfied with global standard(below 6,000N). Also, Maximum allowable free-fall of energy absorber showed below 1.75m.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: Generally, nitrogen (N) fertilization higher than the recommended dose is applied during vegetable cultivation to increase productivity. But higher N fertilization also increases the concentrations of nitrate ions and nitrous oxide in soil. In this experiment, the impact of N fertilization was studied on nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emission to standardize the optimum fertilization level for minimizing $N_2O$ emission as well as increasing crop productivity. Herein, we developed $N_2O$ emission inventory for upland soil region during red pepper and Chinese milk vetch cultivation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nitrogen fertilizers were applied at different rates to study their effect on $N_2O$ emission during red pepper and Chinese milk vetch cultivation. The gas samples were collected by static closed chamber method and $N_2O$ concentration was measured by gas chromatography. The total $N_2O$ flux was steadily increased due to increasing N fertilization level, though the overall pattern of $N_2O$ emission dynamics was same. Application of N fertilization higher than the recommended dose increased the values of both seasonal $N_2O$ flux (94.5% for Chinese cabbage and 30.7% for red pepper) and $N_2O$ emission per unit crop yield (77.9% for Chinese cabbage and 23.2% for red pepper). Nitrous oxide inventory revealed that the $N_2O$ emission due to unit amount of N application from short-duration vegetable field in fall (autumn) season (6.36 kg/ha) was almost 70% higher than that during summer season. CONCLUSION: Application of excess N-fertilizers increased seasonal $N_2O$ flux especially the $N_2O$ flux per unit yield during both Chinese cabbage and red pepper cultivation. This suggested that the higher N fertilization than the recommended dose actually facilitates $N_2O$ emission than boosting plant productivity. The $N_2O$ inventory for upland farming in temperate region like Korea revealed that $N_2O$ flux due to unit amount of N-fertilizer application for Chinese cabbage in fall (autumn) season was comparatively higher than that of summer vegetables like red pepper. Therefore, the judicious N fertilization following recommended dose is required to suppress $N_2O$ emission with high vegetable productivity in upland soils.