• 제목/요약/키워드: Fall risk

검색결과 419건 처리시간 0.031초

한국 노인의 넘어짐과 연계된 인체손상에 대한 이해와 예방: 체계적 문헌 고찰 (Understanding and Prevention of Fall-related Injuries in Older Adults in South Korea: A Systematic Review)

  • 임기택;이지은;박하은;박수영;최우철
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.34-48
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    • 2019
  • Background: Fall-related injuries in older adults are a major health problem, and the risks and mechanisms of these injuries should be affected by race, culture, living environment, and/or economic status. Objects: Research articles have been systematically reviewed to understand fall-related injuries in older adults in South Korea. Methods: 128 published research papers have been found through the Korea Citation Index and the Korean Studies Information Service System, and reviewed in various perspectives, including incidents, fall death rates, medical costs, causes, injury sites and types, locations where falls occurred, prevention strategies, scholarly fields interested in fall injuries, and the role of physical therapy. Results: Fall-related injuries were found to be more common in women than in men, and the number of incidents increased with age, with the highest rate found in individuals over 85 years old. Risk of fall injury was associated with education level, comorbidities, and fear of falling. Common places where falls occurred included the bathroom, living room, stairs, and hallway. Common types of injury included bruises, fractures, and sprains in the lower extremities. Intervention strategies included exercise programs, education, and protective clothing. Scholarly fields interested in fall-related injuries in older adults included medicine, nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, physical education, pharmacology, oriental medicine, biomedical engineering, design, clothing, and textiles. Physical therapy intervention using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation has been used to improve one's balance. Conclusion: Any movement during the activities of daily living can lead to a fall. Physical therapists are highly educated to analyze human movements and should be involved in more research and practices to solve fall-related injuries in older adults.

ISM에 의한 어린이 보호구역의 잠재위험 요인 구조화 모형 구축 (A Study on Development of Interpretive Structure Modeling(ISM) for Potential Risk Factors in School Zone)

  • 박유경;정현정;김영지;금기정
    • 한국도로학회논문집
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2012
  • PURPOSES : This study is to develop ISM for potential risk factor in School Zone. METHODS : Based on the literature review, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used most widely. However, it is difficult to apply in practice because the AHP results have the characteristics of the independence between each element and the interlayer can not explain the interrelationship. The Network Analysis Process (ANP) is possible to analyze the relationship between the elements and the network through the feedback. But, the reliability of the analysis fall because of complicated pair of comparison, also it is difficult to solve the super matrix. In this study, the complicated relationship between each element is inquired through the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). RESULTS : The methodology of ISM is developed to remove the children's potential risk factors in school zone. CONCLUSIONS : It is possible to remove the children's potential risk factors from low level to high level step by step and improve safety. Through this, risk factors can be removed from the low-level, and upper-level will automatically improve.

유병자 보험의 보장성 확대를 위한 유병자들의 중증질환 발생률 비교 (Comparison of Severe Disease Incidence among Eligible Insureds to Expand Coverage for Substandard Risks)

  • 백혜연;손지훈;신지민
    • Journal of health informatics and statistics
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.318-328
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: People are living longer, but often with diseases or chronic conditions. As a consequence, interest in resolving insurance blind spots is growing. This study provides substandard risk-relevant statistics to help substandard risks who are likely to fall in insurance blind spots obtain insurance coverage, such as the reimbursement of medical costs, as well as to stimulate insurance product development. Methods: This study uses National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cohort data to determine the relevant statistics. The incidence rates of severe diseases are derived and compared against standard risks to establish a set of relative risk factors. These incidence rates of standard and substandard risks are then compared. Results: Currently, an individual's cancer history is used in the underwriting process for simplified issue insurance. However, underwriting focusing on hospitalization and procedures related to serious illnesses could lower premiums for substandard risks. Moreover, the statistical results could be used to expand the coverage of health insurance products. Conclusions: This study's relative risk factors can be used to derive simplified issue premium rates for substandard risks. They can also be used to implement discount and loading schemes for medical reimbursement insurance and help insurance companies implement proactive risk management.

1개 종합병원 환자의 낙상에 관한 조사 (A Study on Fall Accident)

  • 이현숙;김매자
    • 대한간호
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    • 제36권5호
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    • pp.45-62
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    • 1998
  • The study was conducted from November 1995 to May 1996 at the one general hospital in Seoul. The total subjects of this study were 412 patients who have the experience of fall accident, among them 31 was who have fallen during hospitalization and 381 was who visited emergency room and out patient clinic. The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics, risk factors and results of fall accident and to suggest the nursing strategies for prevention of fall. Data were collected by reviewing the medical records and interviewing with the fallers and their family members. For data analysis, spss/pc+ program was utilized for descriptive statistics, adjusted standardized $X^2$-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Total subjects were 412 fallers, of which 245(59.5%) were men and 167(40.5%) were women. Age were 0-14 years 79(19.2%), 15-44 years 125(30.4%), 45-64 years 104(25.2%), over 65 years 104(25.2%). 2) There was significant association between age and the sexes ($X^2$=39.17, P=0.00). 3) There was significant association between age and history of falls ($X^2$=44.41. P= .00). And history of falls in the elderly was significantly associated with falls. 4) There was significant association with age and medical diagnosis ($X^2$=140.66, P= .00), chief medical diagnosis were hypertension(34), diabetis mellitus(22), arthritis(11), stroke(8), fracture(7), pulmonary tuberculosis(6), dementia(5) and cataract(5), 5) There was significant association between age and intrinsic factors: cognitive impairment, mobility impairment, insomnia, emotional problems, urinary difficulty, visual impairments, hearing impairments, use of drugs (sedatives , antihypertensive drugs, diuretics, antidepressants) (P < 0.05). But there was no significant association between age and dizziness ($X^2$=2.87, P=.41). 6) 15.3% of total fallers were drunken state when they were fallen. 7) Environmental factors of fall accident were unusual posture (50.9%), slips(35.2%), trips (9.5%) and collision(4.4%). 8) Most of falls occurred during the day time, peak frequencies of falls occurred from 1pm to 6pm and 7am to 12am. 9) The places of fall accident were roads(22.6%), house-stairs 06.7%), rooms, floors, kitchen (11.2%), the roof-top, veranda, windows(10.9%), hospital(7.5%), ice or snowy ways(5.8%), bathroom(4.9%), playground, park(4.9%), subway-stairs(4.4%) and public-bathrooms (2.2%). 10) Activities at the time of fall accident were walking(37.6%), turning around or reaching for something(20.9%), going up or down stairs09.2%), exereise, working07.4%), up or down from a bed(2.7%), using wheelchair or walking aids, standing up or down from a chair(2.2%) and standing still(2.2%). 11) Anatomical locations of injuries by falls were head, face, neck(31.3%), lower extremities (29.9%). upper extremities(20.6%), spine, thorax, abdomen or pelvic contents(l1.4%) and unspecified(2.9%). 12) Types of injures were fracture(47.6%), bruises03.8%), laceration (13.3%), sprains(9.0%), headache(6.6%), abrasions(2.9%), intracranial hemorrage(2.4%) and burns(0.5%). 13) 41.5% of the fallers were hospitalized and average of hospitalization was 22.3 days. 14) The six fallers(1.46%) died from fall injuries. The two fallers died from intracranial hemorrage and the four fallers died of secondary infection; pneumonia(2), sepsis(1) and cell lulitis(1). It is suggested that 1) Further study is needed with larger sample size to identify the fall risk factors. 2) After the fall accident, comprehensive nursing care and regular physical exercise should be emphasized for the elderly person. 3) Safety education and safety facilities of the public place and home is necessary for fall prevention.

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재난관리체계(M(i,j,k)BCP) 제안과 석회석광산의 리스크 평가 (Introduction of the M(i,j,k)BCP and Risk Assessment of Underground Limestone Mine)

  • 이성민;김선명;이연희
    • 터널과지하공간
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.383-392
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 안전하고 친환경적인 광산관리를 위해 스마트 광산재난관리체계인 $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$(Mining Business Continuity Planning)를 제안하였다. 여기서 'i'는 광산의 종류, 'j'는 광산의 업무공정, 그리고 'k'는 공정별 리스크 이다. 특히, 본 연구는 'i=1=석회석 광산'으로 규정하고 석회석광산의 재난관리체계를 $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$로 제안하였다. 본 논문에 사용된 광산 리스크들은 문헌자료와 전문가 의견 분석을 통하여 얻었으며, 이러한 리스크들을 석회석 광산의 5대 공정에 맞도록 분류하여 그 수를 약 60개에서 26개로 줄였다. 줄여진 리스크들은 $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$에 할당되고 평가되었다. 본 연구에서 리스크 평가에 사용한 척도는 1회 이상 발생빈도, 인명피해, 시설물피해, 업무중단시간 등 4가지이다. 리스크 평가 결과에 의하면, 리스크들은 4개의 특화된 군으로 분리될 수 있었다. 또한, 석회석 광산에서는 '채광 중 갱내 낙반 또는 붕락 발생 리스크'의 발생가능성과 위험도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 리스크에 대한 재난관리체계는 '$M_{(1,2,1)}BCP$'이다. 이는 석회석광산 개발시 $M_{(1,2,1)}BCP$가 최우선적으로 수립되어야 함을 의미한다.

실내디자인 요소와 낙상에 대한 노인들의 인지에 관한 연구 (The Perception of Interior Design Factors Related to Risk of Falls among Elderly)

  • 박희진
    • 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국주거학회 2000년도 학술발표대회논문집
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    • pp.131-136
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptual differences among independent elderly relative. to falls risk associated with specified environmental design factors. The sample consisted of 135 independent elderly who live in Ulsan. The data were collected by utilizing questionnaire which included demographic information, and environmental design assessments accompanied by line drawings. The data were analyzed by using SAS program. The major findings were as follows: (1) There were 35(25.9%) elderly experienced fall(s) within one year and about half of the fallers fell more than once. (2) The elderly perceived lighting is the most hazardous interior design factor related to increased risk of falls. (3) There was a significant difference among age groups on perception of lighting as interior design factors and the elderly perceived differently floor as interior design factors by their perceived health status.

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실내디자인 요소와 낙상에 대한 노인들의 위험인지에 관한 연구 (The Perception of Interior Design Factors Related to Risk of Falls among Elderly)

  • 박희진
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제25호
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    • pp.130-134
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptual differences among independent elderly relative to falls risk associated with specified environmental design factors. The sample consisted of 135 independent elderly who live in Ulsan. The data were collected by utilizing questionnaire which included demographic information, and environmental design assessments accompanied by line drawings. The data were analyzed by using SAS program. The major findings were as follows: (1) There were 35(25.9%) elderly experienced fall(s) within one year and about half of the fallers fell more than once. (2) The elderly perceived lighting is the most hazardous interior design factor related to increased risk of falls. (3) There was a significant difference among age groups on perception of lighting factors and the elderly perceived floor factors differently by their perceived health status.

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소규모 건설현장의 중대재해 저감 방안 도출을 위한 연구 (A Study of Decreasing Critical Disaterous Accidents in Small Construction Sites)

  • 백신원;김한중;최돈흥
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.121-131
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    • 2012
  • Many of the falling which is the number one risk factor in lethal accidents in construction could have been prevented if the right activity or supervising had been taken in time. All other measures do not preventive the fall, but rather intercept the fallen itself or preventive severe injury. The most common and the bets measures on the preventive measures are guardrails which are to be worn on the site. Workers always exposed the risk of serious accidents induced by causal effects related with environments around construction sites. In order to represent how to decrease the risk of workers, this study was accomplished with a number of interview with experienced site director, cheief of instructors, workers. And the questionaire survey (2012. 5~2012. 10) were used to make proposed policies which are expected to reduce critical disastrous accidents and strength authorized limits of director's management automatically.

갱폼 재해의 FTA를 통한 정량적 위험성 산정에 관한 연구 (Quantitative Risk Assessment based on Fault Tree Analysis for Gangform Accident)

  • 함영종;기정훈;박종일
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.40-47
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    • 2020
  • Although gangform has good workability due to the integration of outer wall forms and working platforms, 22 workers were died from 21 gangform related accidents during 2012 to 2016. Quantitative risk assessment is required for evident based prevention measure selection. In this study, based on 52 accident data from 2004 to the first half of 2019, FTA is conducted for probabilities of direct causes and their contribution to accidents. Three stages are considered; gangform installation, dismantling and lifting, and using. The effectiveness of countermeasures is evaluated through minimum cut set, RAW and RRW. Complete assembly of gangform on the ground level, detailed planning, and fall prevention device are suggested as prevention measures for installation, dismantling and lifting, and using stages, respectively.

공중으로 점프한 차량의 최대 높이 및 속도 (Maximum Height and Velocity of Jumping Car in The Air)

  • 신성윤;이현창
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제17권10호
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    • pp.55-60
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    • 2012
  • 자유 낙하하는 물체가 받는 힘은 중력뿐이다. 우리는 중력만을 받아서 운동하는 것을 자유 낙하 운동이라고 하고 자유 낙하하는 물체를 자유낙체라 한다. 즉, 자유낙체란 물체의 초기 운동 상태와 무관하게 중력의 영향으로만 자유롭게 낙하하는 물체를 말하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 공기의 저항을 무시하고, 수직방향으로 짧은 거리의 범위내에서 고도에 의한 자유낙하 가속도의 변화가 없다는 가정을 한다. 이러한 가정 하에서 자동차가 수직 상 방향으로 도약하여 최고점에 도달하는 시간, 최대높이, 자동차가 출발 위치로 돌아오는 시간과 자동차의 속도, 자동차가 땅에 떨어질 때의 시간 및 속도에 대해 알 수 있다. 이는 텔레매틱스에서 자동차나 오토바이가 도약하는 정도와 사고의 위험을 측정할 수 있다.