• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.5-14
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to proposes a conceptual framework to segment multi-national products based on a Chinese consumer's perception of multi-national products, to find the role of consumer ethnocentrism (CET) in country of origin (COO) effects for Chinese, and to figure out how different dimension of CET Effects on purchase intention developed market and home country. Research design, data and methodology - This study selected a 2×2×2 factorial design for the hypothesis test based on the product category × combination of manufactured type × Ethnocentrism level. This study distinguishes products between luxury (Burberry) and non-luxury (Nike) products and choose combination of manufactured type (Spain vs India/ Spain vs China) in order to perform comparative studies. A total of 223 Chinese participated in the experiment. After being exposed to each scenario, participants were asked to respond to questions about brand preference and purchase intention Results - Regarding to luxury made in developed country, it is worth that exposing COO information to low level of ethnocentrism consumers. Regarding to non-luxury product made in emerging country, it makes it worse when COO information to high level of ethnocentrism consumers. Lastly, regarding to non-luxury product, patriotic consumers prefer to purchase product made in home country.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.145-150
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• 1992

To determine the effect of dietary potassium and lysine levels on blood parameters, serum and bone composition, 360 male broiler chicks of 3 days of age were used in a completely randomized $3{\times}3$ factorial experiment for 6 weeks. Experimental diets contained three supplemented levels of dietary potassium (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2%) and three supplemented levels of dietary lysine (0.6, 1.2 and 2.4%). Dietary levels of potassium and lysine did not influence blood pH, $pCO_2$, $pO_2$, $HCO_3$ and total $CO_2$ and interaction between potassium and lysine was not shown (p > 0.05). Serum lysine and arginine contents were significantly different by the levels of dietary lysine (p < 0.05). Lysine-arginine antagonism was observed in high lysine diet. But increasing dietary potassium did not alleviated the lysine-arginine antagonism. Serum sodium, potassium and chloride were not affected by dietary potassium and lysine levels (p > 0.05). Femur weight, length and P contents were affected by the levels of dietary lysine (p < 0.01). But no difference was observed in femur ash and Ca contents (p > 0.05). Interaction between potassium and lysine was shown in ash and P contents (p < 0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.139-144
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• 1992

In order to study the effects of dietary potassium and lysine levels on growth performance and nutrient utilizability in broiler chicks, an experiment was conducted in $3{\times}3$ factorial arrangement with three levels of dietary potassium (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2%) and three supplemented levels of dietary lysine (0.6, 1.2 and 2.4%). A total number of 360 male broiler chicks was used for 6 weeks. Birds fed optimum lysine (1.2%) diets had the highest body weight gain and feed efficiency, followed by those fed low lysine (0.6%) and high lysine (2.4%) diets (p < 0.01). But levels of dietary potassium had no effects on the body weight gain and feed efficiency. Interaction between potassium and lysine was not shown (p > 0.05). High level of lysine resulted in higher mortality than that of optimum or low level of lysine (p < 0.01). The levels of supplemented lysine affected utilizability of ether extract, total carbohydrate, and nitrogen retention (p < 0.01). But supplemented potassium levels did not affect nutrient utilizability and interaction between potassium and lysine was not shown (p > 0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.20
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• pp.17-31
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to inquire into the influence of appearance cues on the intellectual impression formations, whether there are differen-ces in the impression formation between the case which the appearance is partially percepted and the case wholely percepted. The study consists of the experiment of the factorial design with 5 independent variables of Face (intellectual and social), Hair Style (intellec-tual and social), Clothing Style (intellectual and social), Textile Pattern(single, color, dot, and stri-pe), and Presentation Level of stimuli (upper-half and full-length). The outcomes of study are as follows : 1) The intellectual impression formation was influenced by face, clothing style, and textile pat-tern, but clothing style and textile pattern were more influential than face. When the models with intellectual face wore in intellectual clothing style, they gave more additional intellectual impression. And when intellectual clothing was in single color, it conveyed more intellectual impression. Hair style had no main effect but it influenced on the impression formation through interaction with other variables. 2) There were differences in the formation of the intellectual impressions between the case the appearance was partially percepted and the case wholely percepted. The case of full-lenth pressen-tation was more influential than that of upper-half presentation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

A new model of plasma etch process was constructed by using a radial basis function network (RBFN). This technique was applied to an etching of silicon carbide films in a NF$_3$ inductively coupled plasma. Experimental data to train RBFN were systematically collected by means of a 2$^4$ full factorial experiment. Appropriateness of prediction models was tested with test data consisted of 16 experiments not pertaining to the training data. Prediction performance was optimized with variations in three training factors, the number of pattern units, width of radial basis function, and initial weight distribution between the pattern and output layers. The etch responses to model were an etch rate and a surface roughness measured by atomic force microscopy. Optimized models had the root mean-squared errors of 26.1 nm/min and 0.103 nm for the etch rate and surface roughness, respectively. Compared to statistical regression models, RBFN models demonstrated an improvement of more than 20 % and 50 % for the etch rate and surface roughness, respectively. It is therefore expected that RBFN can be effectively used to construct prediction models of plasma processes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.58-62
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• 2003

Silicon carbide (SiC) was etched in a $NF_3/CH_4$ inductively coupled plasma. The etch process was modeled by using a neural network called generalized regression neural network (GRNN). For modeling, the process was characterized by a $2^4$ full factorial experiment with one center point. To test model appropriateness, additional test data of 16 experiments were conducted. Particularly, the GRNN predictive capability was drastically improved by a genetic algorithm (GA). This was demonstrated by an improvement of more than 80% compared to a conventionally obtained model. Predicted model behaviors were highly consistent with actual measurements. From the optimized model, several plots were generated to examine etch rate variation under various plasma conditions. Unlike the typical behavior, the etch rate variation was quite different depending on the bias power Under lower bias powers, the source power effect was strongly dependent on induced dc bias. The etch rate was strongly correated to the do bias induced by the gas ratio. Particularly, the etch rate variation with the bias power at different gas ratio seemed to be limited by the etchant supply.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.4 s.44
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• pp.371-377
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• 1992

The purposes of the study were 1) to extend the cognitive categorization theory in an attempt to explain the of garment category, fashionability, and wearer's body types on impression formation, and 2) to find out structures of wearer's impressional dimension and wearer's professional image. The research included a quasi-experiment and survey. The experimental design was a $2^{3}$full factorial design of 3 independent variables. The experimental materials developed for the study were a set of stimuli and a response scale. The stimuli consisted of 8 drawings made by 3 independent variables (garment category, fashion level, wearer's body type). Result were as follows: 1) Garment category, fashionability and wearer's body type had significant effects on impression of the 5 factors-evaluation, potency, appearance, sociability and good-bad, with exception of wearer's body type which was nonsignificant to the potency factor. 2) Garment category was most effective on the evaluation and the potency. However wearer's body type was most effect on the appearance factor and fashionability variable was most effective on the good-bad factor. It was conclued that the results supported the cognitive categorization theory on impression formation and a cognitive categorization hypothesis of clothes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.331-342
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to provide the apparel companies with a effective marketing strategy by identifying the present condition of loyalty programs and designing the type of reward and the timing of reward, and to investigate the effects of loyalty programs on customers' satisfaction and loyalty. The experimental study was conducted to examine the relationship between loyalty programs and performances. The experiment, which adopted a scenario methodology, was a 2(type of rewards)${\times}$2(timing of rewards) between subjects factorial design. The sample was based on 362 college students. The data analysis was completed on the basis of SPSS 12.0 package, using descriptive analysis, frequency, factor analysis, Cronbach's a, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The following results were found in this research. First the respondent's recognition of reward(benefit, reserve fund, experience) was not relatively high. Second, the interaction effect of type of rewards and timing of rewards on the loyalty programs' satisfaction(p<.01) and customer loyalty(p<.001) was significant, but that on customer satisfaction was not significant. Finally, loyalty programs' satisfaction positively affected customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implications of the research and directions for future researchers were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.91-99
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• 2009

Because of both precise measurement and efficient quality control, coordinate measuring machines(CMMs) have been widely used in the industry. The purpose of this paper is to present a method to estimate the CMM measurement uncertainty using design of experiments. A factorial design is applied to carry out the performance test proposed by ISO 10360 and to investigate CMM measurement errors associated to orientation and length of the length bar. In order to assess the measurement uncertainty for the performance test, an analysis of the uncertainty components that make up the uncertainty budget has been carried out. The procedure for evaluating the uncertainty of it follows GUM ("Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement"). The results show that the proposed method is suitable to investigate CMM performance and determine the contribution of machine variables to measurement uncertainty.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2015

Slot-die coating is well known technique to guarantee a uniformly coated layer and is compatible with roll-to-roll process. In actual roll-to-roll slot-die coating process, the lateral difference of coated layer thickness is observed. An experimental study was performed to improve the coating quality. Coating speed and coating gap were selected as the experimental factors. A full factorial, statistical method was conducted to optimize the process conditions. Based on the results of repeated experiment, the lowest deviation of lateral thickness (700 nm, <10%) was achieved at 10 m/min coating speed and $300{\mu}m$ coating gap. This result has significance because such optimized process guideline can be utilized with all process improvement in various coating applications.