• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.302-307
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• 2010

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal factors on body weight at hatching (day-old) and at six weeks of age in a commercial broiler line. A total of 6,765 records on body weight at day-old (BWTDO) and 115,421 records on body weight at six weeks of age (BWT6W), originated from a commercial broiler line during 14 generations, were used to estimate genetic parameters related to the effects of maternal traits on body weight of chicks immediately after hatch or six weeks thereafter. The data were analyzed using restricted maximum likelihood procedure (REML) and an animal model with DFREML software. Direct heritability ($h^{2}{_a}$), maternal heritability ($h^{2}{_m}$), and maternal environmental variance as the proportions of phenotypic variance ($c^{2}$) for body weight at day-old were estimated to be 0.050, 0.351, and 0.173, respectively. The respective estimated values for body weight at six weeks of age were 0.340, 0.022, and 0.030. The correlation coefficient between direct and maternal genetic effects for six-week-old body weight was found to be -0.335. Covariance components and genetic correlations were estimated using a bivariate analysis based on the best model determined by a univariate analysis. Between weights at hatching and at six week-old, the values of -0.07, 0.53 and 0.47 were found for the direct additive genetic variance, maternal additive genetic variance and permanent maternal environmental variance, respectively. The estimated correlation between direct additive genetic effect influencing weight at hatch and direct additive maternal effect affecting weight at six weeks of age was -0.21, whereas the correlation value of 0.15 was estimated between direct additive maternal effect influencing weight at hatch and direct additive genetic effect affecting weight at six-week-old. From the present findings, it can be concluded that the maternal additive genetic effect observed for weight at six weeks of age might be a factor transferred from genes influencing weight at hatch to weight at six-week-old.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.155-166
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• 1995

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which sociodemographic and health related life-style variables explain body weight distribution and to understand weight contol behavior. To study this study 298 students were selected, it was consisted of obesity group(101) and control group(197). The average age of subjects was 14.2 and the prevalence of obesity was 2-3 per class as 5.6% among 1,793. 71% among same subject was showed higher weight pattern than last one year, ovesity group which was obesity both in 93 and 94 was 34%. Correlation between body weight(under weight/obesity) and independent variables including sociodemographic factor and health- related life style tested through Multiple Classification Analysis was very significant, explained 36% of the total variance. Sociodemografic and hereditary factors such as education level, age of father and physical features of parents, life style factors as exercise preference and perceived health status showed highly contribution to body weight. Concretely, there were showed a higher obesity prevalence tendency when education level and age of father was high, physical features of parents was obesity. In otherwise, there were showed a higher underweight prevalence tendency when education level and age of father was low. Experience rates of weight control was 53% generally, 84% in obesity group, and 11% in underweight group. There were utilized weight control behaviors through diet method mainly in obesity group, diet and exercise methods in underweight group. There were showed that underweight group are prefer exercise to obesity group. Conclusionally, These findings suggest that education, age, physical features of parents, exercise preference and perceived health status is important factors related to body weight among middle school girls. Therefore, there will be considered as valuable factors when we practice health education and consultation related to body weight. Furthermore it is necessary to provide of various informations about weight control and to develop systematic weight control program.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.137-143
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the evaluation of texture image and preference according to the structural characteristics of silk fabric, and to analyze the effects of texture image and sensibility on the preference. 53 female subjects evaluated fabric image and sensibility of 17 specimens of white silk fabrics sold on the market with semantic differential scale. The data were analyzed through factor analysis, Pearson correlational coefficient and t-test using SPSS win 13.0. For the evaluation, structural characteristics such as fiber contents, weave type, weight and thickness were analyzed. Factor analysis showed that sensibilities were classified into 3 categories; 'surface property', 'weight', 'flexibility'. Fabric images were classified into 2 categories; 'elegance' and 'naturalness'. Statistically significant differences of structural characteristics on the texture image were observed. Weave type affected 'surface property' and fiber contents affected' flexibility'. Weight and weave type affected' elegance', too. The significant factors affecting preference were fabric image of 'elegance' and structural characteristics of 'weave type'. The results of this study showed that the most preferred silk fabric is smooth and soft satin weaved fabric with texture image of 'elegance'.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between young children's picky eating behavior and mother's attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding the eating habits of children. Using a sample of 304 mothers of four or five year-old children, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test a 7 factor model, which included mother's beliefs and practices related to the feeding of their children. Following this, a t-test was conducted to examine the differences between the feeding behaviors of mothers of both of picky and non-oicky eaters, respectively. The results indicated that picky eater's eating behaviors were positively related to the pressures exerted by mothers and negatively related to the mother's concerns about their child's weight and child's BMI. These findings suggest that the pressures mothers exert upon their children to eat, their child's weight and picky eating behaviors are correlated to each other.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2000

High molecular weight water-insoluble chitosan alone has been previously shown to exhibit in vitro stimulatory effect on macrophages nitric oxide (NO) production. However, high molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (WSC) had no effect on NO production by itself. When WSC was used in combination with recombinant $interferon-{\gamma}\;(Rifn-{\gamma})$, there was a marked cooperative induction of NO synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal effect of WSC on NO synthesis was shown at 24 h after treatment with $rIFN-{\gamma}$. The increased production of NO from $rIFN-{\gamma}$ plus WSC-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was decreased by the treatment with $N^G$ $monomethyl-_L-arginine$. The increase in NO synthesis was reflected, as an increased amounts of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) protein. Synergy between $rIFN-{\gamma}$ and WSC was mainly dependent on WSC-induced nuclear $factor-_KB$ activation. The present results indicate that WSC may provide various activities such as anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-viral. In addition, since NO has emerged as an important intracellular and intercellular regulatory molecule having functions as diverse as vasodilation, neural communication, cell growth regulation and host defense, it is tempting to hypothesize that this WSC is involved in the local control of the various fundamental processes such as cardiagra, cardiac infarction, impotence etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.65-70
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• 2003

The weight-of-evidence model one of the Bayesian probability model was applied to the task of evaluating landslide susceptibility using GIS. Using the location of the landslides and spatial database such as topography, soil, forest, geology, land use and lineament, the weight-of-evidence model was applied to calculate each factor's rating at Boun area in Korea where suffered substantial landslide damage fellowing heavy rain in 1998, The factors are slope, aspect and curvature from the topographic database, soil texture, soil material, soil drainage, soil effective thickness, and topographic type from the soil database, forest type, timber diameter, timber age and forest density from the forest map, lithology from the geological database, land use from Landsat TM satellite image and lineament from IRS satellite image. Tests of conditional independence were performed for the selection of the factors, allowing the 43 combinations of factors to be analyzed. For the analysis, the contrast value, W$\^$＋/and W$\^$-/, as each factor's rating, were overlaid to map laudslide susceptibility. The results of the analysis were validated using the observed landslide locations, and among the combinations, the combination of slope, curvature, topographic, timber diameter, geology and lineament show the best results. The results can be used for hazard prevention and planning land use and construction

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.168-174
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• 2018

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain, rectal bleeding and diarrhea. Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) has been used for the treatment of various diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory disease. However, there has been no information on whether GE regulates intestinal inflammation. The aim of this study is to elucidate whether GE can protect against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model. The colitis mice were induced by drinking water containing 5% DSS for 7 days. Body weight, colon length and clinical score were assessed to determine the effects on colitis. The levels of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-6 in colitis tissue were also measured. The results showed that mice administrated with DSS showed clinical signs including weight loss and reduced colon length. GE inhibited the DSS-induced loss of body weight and shortening of colon and increased Disease activity index score. Additionally, we observed that GE suppressed the levels of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 in DSS-treated colon tissues. Collectively, these findings provide experimental evidence that GE might be a useful therapeutic agent for patients with UC.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.144-159
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• 2012

This study was to examine the effect of standards of selecting jeans and appearance management behavior on leisure lifestyle. Questionnaires were administered to 253 college students living in Deagu and Kyoungbuk. Data were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, regression analysis, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$-test. The findings are as follows. Factor structure of each concept appeared to be brand-valued, functionality valued and design-valued for standards of selecting jeans, diet management, exercise management, weight management and appearance satisfaction. Leisure lifestyle consisted of sports activity-type, sociality-type and self-management-type while value lifestyle consisted of active sociality-oriented, family-oriented and economic feasibility-oriented. There was a significant difference in brand-valued and design-valued of standards of selecting jeans and in frequency of wearing jeans male students showed higher than female students. The result of this study showed brand-valued, diet management, exercise management, weight management, and appearance satisfaction had significant effect on sports activity-type and design-valued and weight management had significant effect on sociality-type. Brand-valued affected self-management-type significantly and brand-valued, design-valued, diet management and appearance satisfaction had a significant effect on active sociality-oriented and brand-valued and diet management affected family-oriented.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.25-42
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• 2014

Objectives: To observe the effects of Herb medication on Polycystic Ovary (PCO) in rats. Methods: Riss (Research Information Sharing Service) was searched for Oriental medicine about PCO on 2000~2014. So, Experimental studies using PCO model induced by Estradiol Valerate (EV) was selected to analyze how effects they were. Consequently, 10 studies published on 2000~2014 were selected to analyze about weight of model and both ovaries, the number aries, the number of follicle and corpus of follicle and corpus luteum, the level of serum Androstenedione (ADD) and total estrogen, the level of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF), the crossover rate and the number of implantation. Results: Among them, there was significantly difference between treatment group and control group in weight of both ovaries, the number of follicle and corpora lutea, the crossover rate and the number of implantation. Conclusions: The effects of Herb medication was observed on making weight of ovaries with PCO to promote. The study about effect of Herb medication on NGF and CRF with PCOS had to be conducted. The further research have to focus on treatment of subfertility and infertility, that is field showing the advantage of Oriental medicine.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.216-222
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• 2021

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease and a chronic gastrointestinal disorder. Rubi Fructus (RF), the fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel, is known to exert several pharmacological effects including anti-oxidative, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the improving effect and mechanism of RF on intestinal inflammation is not been fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of RF on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. We evaluated the effects of RF on DSS-induced clinical signs by analyzing weight loss and colon length. The inhibitory effects of RF on inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, as well as the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), were determined in colitis tissue. Our data indicated that mice treated with DSS showed clinical symptoms of colitis, including weight loss, colon length decrease and diarrhea. However, we observed that RF treatment significantly improved these clinical symptoms of weight loss, colon length decrease and diarrhea induced by DSS. RF inhibited the enhanced levels of COX-2 and PGE₂ caused by DSS. We also showed that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of RF by suppressing the activation of NF-kB in DSS-treated colon tissues. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate the prospect of developing new drugs from RF for UC treatment.