• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.338-343
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• 2013

A detection system based on a multiplex reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to simultaneously identify multiple viruses in the lily plant. The most common viruses infecting lily plants are the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), lily mottle virus (LMoV), lily symptomless virus (LSV). Leaf samples were collected at lily-cultivation facilities located in the Kangwon province of Korea and used to evaluate the detection system. Simplex and multiplex RT-PCR were performed using virus-specific primers to detect single- or mixed viral infections in lily plants. Our results demonstrate the selective detection of 3 different viruses (CMV, LMoV and LSV) by using specific primers as well as the potential of simultaneously detecting 2 or 3 different viruses in lily plants with mixed infections. Three sets of primers for each target virus, and one set of internal control primers were used to evaluate the detection system for efficiency, reliability, and reproducibility.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.661-666
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• 2012

This article reveals the relationship between the body characteristics of the elder people and the size of park facilities during utilization of parks by scientific investigation. The experiment involves 540 elder people, and offer concrete evidence for park design in ageing society. These evidences mainly consists of the following aspects: First, the relation between physical situation of elder people and their using parks. Secondly, the relation between the hearing status and exchange circle diameter in elders. The last is the relation between the distance visual acuity and designing the scene. Finally we get the most suitable step length range, stairs height, road slope, communication space diameter and general formulas about the best vision distance for elder people.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.418-425
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• 2015

The Korean government plans to establish large-scale horticultural facilities using reclaimed land to improve the competitiveness of the national agricultural sector at the government level. One of the most significant corresponding problems is the ongoing dependence of these facilities on fossil fuel, whereby constant heating is necessary during the winter season to provide the necessary breeding conditions for greenhouse crops. In particular, high-level energy consumption is incurred from the use of heating-related coverings with large heat-transmission coefficients such as those composed of vinyl and glass. This study investigated the potential applicability of waste-incineration heat for use in large-scale horticultural facilities by evaluating the hot-water temperature, heat loss, and available greenhouse area as functions of the distance between the incineration facility and the greenhouse. In conclusion, waste-incineration heat from a HDPE pipe can heat a horticultural facility of 10 ha if the distance is less than 8 km.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 1990

The above results indicate that vegetable crop production using vinyl houses continously increases. However, technical support and facility improvement are still insufficent to establish a full production system. In order to improve the cultural environment in facilities for better vegetable culture, several facters should be considered. 1. Facility design and arrangement should be made to improve micro-environments for crop growth and development because direction of facility and covering materials can affect the amount of light trasmitted into vinyl houses. 2. Cultivation of several leading varieties in each crop may not provide stable production and profit especially under undesirable environmental conditions. Thus, it is required to grow not only leading varieties but also other cultivars to decrease the economic losses. 3. Crops should be carefully managed when planted in early season not to experience low temperatures which induce growth retards. Early season cultivation requires proper selection of cultivars which are resistant to low temperture. 4. Active control of micro-environment in facilities should be made via improving the ventilation and irrigation systems.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1109-1123
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• 2020

In this study, the amount of harmful fungi and bacteria contained in the drainage and culture medium from the paprika hydroponic facility is identified. In addition, by proposing the necessity of effective purification of discharged drainage, this study attempted to confirm the possibility of drainage reuse. Finally, this study provides basic data on the basis for calculating the need for purification facilities in the future, as well as improvements in horticulture facility for sustainable agriculture. As a result of the analysis, a total of 12 types of fungi were detected in paprika medium and 10 types of fungi were detected in the drainage, and their densities were 130 and 68, respectively. Among the fungi detected in the media and drainage of the paprika hydroponic facility, the fungi with the highest detection frequency are Fusarium, Phytophthora, and Pythium. In the case of bacteria, a total of 2 types of bacteria were detected in the paprika facilities, and the density was 28 and 23, respectively. Therefore, in order to reuse the drainage and settle the circulating hydroponic cultivation system, a water treatment process capable of appropriate treatment is required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.9 no.2 s.19
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

A purpose of this study is to develop practical indexes for improving a village environment in Kyongbuk, Korea. From a questionnaire survey of the public employees (71 persons) who take charge of the environment in Kyongbuk province, the indexes were produced and the contents of questionnaire consisted of preferential and supplementary indexes to apply. The preferential indexes which apply to an agricultural village and a stock raising village are environmental sanitation facilities, a hygienic check of livestock and a purge of livestock shed's surroundings. In case of mountainous village, and natural-ecological village the preferential indexes are habitat reservation for wildlife, poaching prohibition (monitoring for it), and food supplement for livestock. To the traditional-cultural village, prevention of noise pollution, environmental sanitation facilities, and a monitoring or water quality change are the prior indexes in order. For the village near city and the industrial village the preferential indexes are patrol removing of garbage, pollution index planting and monitoring for noise pollution. For a fishing village and a village fronting waterside excess uses of agricultural chemicals, monitoring for a water quality change, and realignment of green house with vinyl and warehouse. In conclusion the research presents the practical and preferential index for residents to improve their environment in accordance with village settings and suggests guidelines for further research.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.174-186
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• 1996

This study was carried out in order to understand the plan, design, constructing and actual condition of management of modernized horticultural facilities in Kyungpook Province which had been constructed from 1992 to 1995 funded by Government support. The aim of this study is to provide reference data for success of the forth project. It was performed by making up a question about driving of project and management condition of equipment after constructing. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1. 73.5% of facilities horticulture farmhouse recognized that the prospect of greenhouse is bright, but 92.5% of the farmhouse also recognised that they need technical consultation on protected horticulture farming. Therefore, technical educations would must be enhanced about foundation of greenhouse and cultivation technique. 2. The holding times of explanatory meetings, cause of understanding to farmhouse, were one or two times in greenhouse construction, and 62.5% of the farmhouse expressed the insufficiency at the explanation and educational data. For this reason, it was judged that the construction contract had been delayed more than 5 months in 49.3% of the farmhouse after the decision of project budget. 3. In constructing after a contract, the rates of construction delay is 53.4% and defect occurrence is 41.1%. The biggest reasons of construction delay was insufficiency of worker and materials supply. Each percentage is 29.1%. And the reason of defect occurrence is badness of machinery equipment(62.9% ). 4. In management of greenhouse, a pipe-constructed plastic film greenhouse changes plastic film every one and three years because of sticking dust on plastic film. It was needed to about in cleaning technique of coverings. Because that used 3-5 years only half of the expected life span. 5. The order of broken rating in the subsidiary equipment is like this lollop ventilator (42.8%), a general control system(33.3%) especially, in the case of a general control system, the rate of all family can control is 52.7%. so, it is time to develop easy control equipment which every one could use as soon as possible. 6. When choose heat generator as decide capacity, the most priority is the mount of heat generator the percent is 45.5% heat generator and as decide model, the private purchase's percent is 77.3%. It is higher than a public bidding heat generator the percent is 22.7% heat generator when it compare with a public bidding. In the case of $CO_2$ generator, using rate is only 19.0%. The using rate is very low, so it needs education how to use depends on the way of the subsidiary equipment. 7. In the case of seedlings, it is asked to use factory-processed seedling effectively. because it's difficult to get security of labors(58.8%), hoped crops (55.9%) access same crops(29.4%) much more and changing of crops depends on market situation. that is the main reason the lack of knowhow.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

Investigations on the inundation damage and improvement measures were carried out centering around the protected horticultural complex concentrated in lowlands on the side of Geum river, in Nonsan and Buyeo, Chungnam. Most greenhouses were single-span plastic houses in this area, and tomato, strawberry and watermelon were cultivated mainly. 45.8 % of whole farmhouse were experienced in damage by inundation, and a frequency of the damage was average once in 11 years. The most urgent problem at the greenhouse culture in this area was showed in order of drainage improvement, irrigation water resources and energy saving. Consideration items in drainage improvement project for protected horticulture were showed in order of extending drain pumps, extending drain canals, using concrete flume in drain ditch. It needs to consider systematic plans that can restrain new establishment of greenhouses on the lowland paddy field in drainage area. It is difficult to remove greenhouses which are already established or prohibit cultivation. Therefore we should impose minimum duty items so that greenhouse tillers can cope with inundation. And it is thought that managing agency need to minimize farmers damage by improving drainage ability and introducing maintenance pattern that is different from rice cropping.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.119-125
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of pipe network materials and distance on system performance utilizing unused energy sources in large-scale horticulture facility. For this, the modeling was performed with a 100 m long and 100 m wide rectangular shaped glass house having an area of 1ha ($10,000m^2$) using EnergyPlus software. The heat sources considered were air source, geothermal heat, power plant waste heat, sea water heat, and river water. The temperature variation of the fluid with regard to pipe material and distance from the heat source and the resultant heat pump electricity consumptions were calculated. It turned out that the fluid temperature reaching the heat pump increased as the distance from the heat source increased in case of sea water and river water, which have higher temperatures than the surrounding soil, improving the heat pump efficiency. It was vice versa in case of the power plant waste heat. In addition, pipe material of PVC showed the smallest effect on the system performance variation due to the lowest thermal conductivity, compared to PB and HDPE.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.217-231
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify the regional specialization that occurred during industrialization of agriculture. It examined patterns in oriental melons as one of the produce leading the development of the domestic protected horticulture sector. Oriental melons have been cultivated indoors for a long time. Seongju-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do is specializing in oriental melon cultivation through increasingly intensive production and spatial concentration and is now the largest oriental melon production area in South Korea. This paper first discusses the production intensification and spatial concentration of oriental melon cultivation at the national level and then examines the specialization of oriental melon cultivation in Seongju-gun in terms of land use, cultivation facilities and related technologies, and the division of labor. This examination was based on relevant statistics and in-depth interviews with main actors from the area.