• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causes of blow-out fractures, the computed tomography findings, and the associated facial bone fractures in aged patients. Methods: This study was performed by conducting a chart review. From January 2004 to December 2007, the patients who visited the emergency room of Asan Medical Center and were diagnosed as having a blow-out fracture were included in the study population. Patients 60 years of age or older were grouped as the aged group while patients younger than 60 years of age were grouped as the control group. Results: Between the aged group and the control group, there was a difference in the causes of blow-out fractures. The most common cause of blow-out fracture was a slip down in the aged group and violence in the control group (p<0.05). There were no differences in associated symptoms. Extraocular muscle herniation was the only statistically different computed tomography findings. In associated facial bone fractures, the most common fractures were the zygoma in the aged group and the nasal bone in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In patients 60 years of age or older, the most common cause of blow-out fracture was a slip down, and the most common associated facial bone fracture was a zygomatic fracture.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.53.1-53.6
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• 2019

Background: The nasal bone is the most protruding bony structure of the facial bones. Nasal bone fracture is the most common facial bone fracture. The high rate of incidence of nasal bone fracture emphasizes the need for systematical investigation of epidemiology, surgical techniques, and complications after surgery. The objective of this study is to investigate the current trends in the treatment of nasal bone fractures and the effectiveness of closed reduction depending on the severity of the nasal bone fracture. Patients and methods: A total of 179 patients with a nasal bone fracture from 2009 to 2017 were enrolled. Their clinical examination, patient's records, and radiographic images of nasal bone fractures were evaluated. Results: Patients ranged from children to elderly. There were 156 (87.2%) males and 23 (12.8%) females. Traffic accident (36.9%) was the most common cause of nasal fracture. Orbit fracture (44 patients, 24.6%) was the most common fracture associated with a nasal bone fracture. Complications after surgery included postoperative deformity in 20 (11.2%) patients, nasal obstruction in 11 (6.1%) patients, and olfactory disturbances in 2 (1.1%) patients and patients with more severe nasal bone fractures had higher rates of these complications. Conclusion: Closed reduction could be performed successfully within 2 weeks after injury.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on facial bone fractures of Koreans. This study was based on a series of 110 patients who had been treated for facial bone fractures as in-patient at Guro Hospital, School of Medicine, Korea University for the period of September, 1984. to August, 1988. The results were obtained as follows : 1. 2nd decade(42.7%) was the highest age group in incidence, and age range was 2 years to 72 years, and the ration of Male/Female was 3.7 : 1. 2. Falling was most frequent cause of facial bone fractures(40.9%) 3. The frequent location of facial bone fractures were mandibule(67.1%), zygoma & zygomatic arch(11.7%), maxilla(10.9%), and others in order. 4. In mandibular fractures, one site fractures showed 30.1% and two site fractures showed 58.8% and triple site fractures showed 11.1%. The most frequent site of mandibular fracture was symphysis(32.7%) 5. The most frequent month of facial bone fracture was September.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2016

Background Facial hypoesthesia is one of the most troublesome complaints in the management of facial bone fractures. However, there is a lack of literature on facial sensory recovery after facial trauma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the facial sensory recovery period for facial bone fractures using Neurometer. Methods Sixty-three patients who underwent open reduction of zygomatic and blowout fractures between December 2013 and July 2015 were included in the study. The facial sensory status of the patients was repeatedly examined preoperatively and postoperatively by Neurometer current perception threshold (CPT) until the results were normalized. Results Among the 63 subjects, 30 patients had normal Neurometer results preoperatively and postoperatively. According to fracture types, 17 patients with blowout fracture had a median recovery period of 0.25 months. Twelve patients with zygomatic fracture had a median recovery period of 1.00 month. Four patients with both fracture types had a median recovery period of 0.625 months. The median recovery period of all 33 patients was 0.25 months. There was no statistically significant difference in the sensory recovery period between types and subgroups of zygomatic and blowout fractures. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensory recovery period according to Neurometer results and the patients' own subjective reports. Conclusions Neurometer CPT is effective for evaluating and comparing preoperative and postoperative facial sensory status and evaluating the sensory recovery period in facial bone fracture patients.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2018

Background: Nasal bone fractures occur frequently because the nasal bone is located at the forefront of the face. The goal of this study was to examine the cause, change in severity, change in incidence, and demographics of nasal bone fracture according to today's lifestyle. Methods: A total of 2,092 patients diagnosed as having nasal bone fractures at our department between 2002 and 2017 were included in this study. We retrospectively examined patients' medical records to extract information regarding age, sex, cause of injury, combined facial bone fractures, and related injuries such as skull base fracture, spinal cord injury, brain hemorrhage, and other bone fractures. Fracture severity was classified by nasal bone fracture type. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in annual number of patients treated for nasal bone fracture. The proportion of patients who underwent closed reduction was significantly decreased over time for those with nasal bone fractures caused by traffic accidents. However, it was not significantly changed for those with nasal bone fractures due to other causes. The number of patients with combined facial bone fractures increased over time. Incidences of severe nasal bone fracture also increased over time. Conclusion: The study suggested that there is a decrease in the frequency and increase in the severity of nasal bone fracture due to traffic accident. Many protective devices prevent nasal bone fractures caused by a small amount of external force; however, these devices are not effective against higher amounts of external force. This study highlights the importance of preoperative thorough evaluation to manage patients with nasal bone fractures due to traffic accident.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.103-113
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• 1990

The study was based on a series of 252 patient with facial bone fractures who visited to Chun Cheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University during the period of Dec., 1984 trough Nov., 1989. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The most frequent etiologic factor was traffic accident(45.2%). 2. The ratio of male to female was 5.5 : 1 and 2nd decade(44%) was the highest age group in incidence. 3. Monthly incidence was the highest in Aug(14.3%). 4. The most common site of fracture was mandible(55.3%) and zygoma complex(24.2%), nasal bone(11.6%), maxilla(8.9%) were next in order of frequeny. 5. In mandible fractures, the most frequent site was symphyseal area(36.9%) and 142 cases(85%) had fractures only in mandible. 6. In maxillary fractures, fracture with other facial bones(85.2%) was more frequent than fracture on maxilla only. The major fracture type on maxilla was Le Fort II type. 7. In fracture of zygoma complex, zygoma & zygomatic arch was the most frequent site(52.0%) and zygomatic arch(24.7%), zygoma(23.3%) were next in order. 8. Open reduction was major method of treatment in facial bone fractures except nasal bone ; mandible(62.9%), maxilla(77.8%), zygoma complex(65.8%). 9. Maxillofacial fractures were most frequently combined with head & neck injury(43.1%), and upp. & low. extremities(29.4%), chest and abdomen(11.9%) were in order of frequency.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2014

Purpose: Maxillofacial fractures are rapidly increasing from car accidents, industrial accidents, teenaged criminal activity, and sports injuries. Accurate assessment, appropriate diagnosis, and preparing individual treatment plans are necessary to reduce surgical complications. We investigated recent trends of facial bone fracture by period, cause, and type, with the objective of reducing surgical complications. Methods: To investigate time trends of maxillofacial fractures, we reviewed medical records from 2,196 patients with maxillofacial fractures in 1981~1987 (Group A), 1995~1999 (Group B), and 2008~2012 (Group C). We analyzed each group, comparing the number of patients, sex ratio, age, fracture site, and etiology. Results: The number of patients in each period was 418, 516, and 1,262 in Groups A to C. Of note is the increase in the number of patients from Group A to C. The sex ratios were 5.6:1, 3.5:1, and 3.8:1 in Groups A, B, and C. The most affected age group for fracture is 20~29 in all three groups. Traffic accidents are the most common cause in Groups A and B, while there were somewhat different causes of fracture in Group C. Sports-induced facial trauma was twice as high in Group C compared with Group A and B. Mandible fracture accounts for a large portion of facial bone fractures overall. Conclusion: We observed an increase in facial bone fracture patients at Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital over the years. Although facial injury caused by traffic accidents was still a major cause of facial bone fracture in all periods, the percentage decreased. In recent years, isolated mandible fracture increased but mandible and mid-facial complex fracture decreased, possibly because of a reduction in traffic accidents.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2008

The fracture of facial bone usually accompanies alveolar bone fracture and dislocation or fracture of teeth. Thus, aside from the reduction of fracture, the reconstruction of occlusion through the rehabilitation of lost teeth should be considered. The dislocation of tooth after trauma accompanying alveolar bone fracture needs bone grafting in case of implant treatment. Although autogenous bone graft shows good prognosis, it has the disadvantage of requiring a secondary surgery. This is a case of a mandibular condyle head fracture accompanied by alveolar bone fracture. The condylar head fragment removed during open reduction was grafted to the alveolar bone fracture site, thereby foregoing the need for secondary surgery.

• 치과방사선
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.413-423
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to clarify the spatial relationship in presurgical examination and to aid surgical planning and postoperative evaluation of patients with facial bone injury. For this study, three-dimensional images of facial bone fracture were reconstructed by computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Serial conventional computed tomograms were value in accurately depicting the facial bone injuries and three-dimensional reconstructive images demonstrated an overall look. 2. The degree of deterioration of spatial resolution was proportional to the thickness of the slice. 3. Facial bone fractures were the most distinctly demonstrated on inferoanterior views of three-dimensional reconstructive images. 4. Although three-dimensional reconstructive images made diagnosis of fracture lines, it was difficult to identify maxillary fractures. 5. The diagnosis of zygomatic fractures could be made equally well with computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography. 6. The diagnosis of mandibular fractures could be made equally well with computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2004

고해상 측두골 CT소견상 안면신경관의 변화를 분석하여 안면신경관의 불연속성 뿐 아니라 신경관의 전이나 골편 등 안면신경관을 직접 침범하는 소견과 직접 안면신경관의 손상은 없으나 신경관이 확장되어 보이거나 인접부위에 골절을 보이는 간접소견을 관찰할 수 있었다. 난청, 현훈 그리고 안면신경마비의 경우 CT만으로 원인 병변을 규명하는 것은 한계가 있어 이 경우 임상소견과의 비교는 필수적이며 본 연구에서는 고해상 CT의 이상소견이 비교적 정확한 것으로 나타났다.