• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2021

Objectives: Hyaluronoglucosaminidase (hyaluronidase) increases the local intercellular permeability of the peripheral lymphatic channel and capillaries, which may help reduce edema. In the present study, the effects of hyaluronidase on postoperative edema and pain reduction were evaluated. Materials and Methods: The study included 38 patients who underwent guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgery before implantation. Patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (n=20) or the test group (n=18). Hyaluronidase was injected into the GBR site of subjects in the test group. Postoperative edema was evaluated by measuring the distance between specific facial landmarks immediately after surgery (T1) and 2-4 days after surgery (T2). The degree of pain at T2 and at 10-14 days after surgery (T3) was assessed. Results: In the test group, the degree of swelling was lower than in the control group, however, only two measurements, from the tragus to the mouth corner and from the outer canthus to the mouth corner, showed statistically significant differences (P=0.012 and P=0.001, respectively). The anti-edema effect of hyaluronidase was more effective in the maxilla than in the mandible. In the maxilla, the percentage of facial swelling was significant for three measurements. However, in the mandible, the percentage of facial swelling was significant for only one measurement. Low levels of pain that were similar at T2 and T3 were reported in both groups. Conclusion: The results indicate the degree of swelling was lower in the test group and hyaluronidase appeared to be more effective in the maxilla. The degree of pain reduction was similar between groups. Further in vivo and randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are warranted.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2021

Background: Impacted mandibular third molar removal is one of the most commonly performed oral surgical procedures. This procedure can lead to several postoperative complications, such as trismus, facial swelling, and pain, which occur as a result of the inflammatory responses to surgery. This study compared the efficiency of preoperative injections of 4 mg versus 8 mg dexamethasone into the pterygomandibular space to reduce postoperative sequelae. Methods: This was a randomized, prospective, split-mouth, controlled study, including 52 mandibular third molar surgeries in 26 patients. Each patient was randomized to either the 4 mg or 8 mg dexamethasone injection group. Dexamethasone was injected into the pterygomandibular space after numbness from local anesthesia. Data were collected for trismus, facial swelling, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, and the number of analgesics taken during the evaluation period. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences in postoperative facial swelling (P = 0.031, diff = 1.4 mm) and pain (P = 0.012, diff = 0.020) were found between the 8 mg and 4 mg dexamethasone groups. However, there were no significant differences between the groups for trismus and the total number of analgesics consumed (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to the 4 mg preoperative dexamethasone injection, the 8 mg preoperative dexamethasone injection into the pterygomandibular space was more effective in reducing postoperative swelling and pain following the surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar. However, the difference in trismus could not be evaluated clinically. Therefore, the recommendation of administering the 4 mg dexamethasone preoperative injection is optimal in the third molar surgical procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.262-270
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• 2001

1. Five Clinical tests and case studies show that facial palsy can be improved under the treatment of Acupuncture, Infrared, Electroacupuncture. Herbal medicine and Herbal acupuncture. 2. The most common prodrome appears to be postauricular pain. including headache and dizziness. 3. As the more serious the paralysis becomes. the prodrome gets worse, and the treatment term extends. It also gets harder to perform prognosis 4. We confirm that either physical or mental overwork and stress can be the most likely cause of facial palsy.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.317-321
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• 2017

The present case report describes a complication involving facial blanching symptoms occurring during inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia (IANBA). Facial blanching after IANBA can be caused by the injection of an anesthetic into the maxillary artery area, affecting the infraorbital artery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2015

Background Topical anesthetics, such as eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream, can be applied to reduce pain before minor procedure. This trial evaluated EMLA as pretreatment for facial lacerations and compared pain, discomfort and overall satisfaction. Methods This trial included consecutive emergency department patients ${\geq}16years$ of age who presented with simple facial lacerations. At triage, lacerations were allotted to either the routine processing group or EMLA pretreatment group according to date of admission. Initially, the emergency department doctors inspected each laceration, which were dressed with saline-soaked gauze. In the pretreatment group, EMLA cream was applied during wound inspection. The plastic surgeon then completed primary closure following the local injection of an anesthetic. After the procedure, all patients were given a questionnaire assessing pain using the 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) ("no pain" to "worst pain"). All questionnaires were collected by the emergency department nurse before discharge. Results Fifty patients were included in the routine processing group, and fifty patients were included in the EMLA pretreatment group. Median age was 39.9 years, 66% were male, and the average laceration was 2.67 cm in length. The EMLA pretreatment group reported lower pain scores in comparison with the routine processing group (2.4 vs. 4.5 on VAS, P<0.05), and lower discomfort scores during the procedure (2.0 vs. 3.3, P=0.60). Overall satisfaction was significantly higher in the EMLA pretreatment group (7.8 vs. 6.1, P<0.05). Conclusions Pretreating facial lacerations with EMLA topical cream aids patients by reducing pain and further enhancing overall satisfaction during laceration treatment.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.52-55
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• 2018

In the present case study, we reported a female patient with sialodochitis fibrinosa in which a conservative ultrasound (US)-guided irrigation method was used to relieve her symptoms. A 30-year-old female patient visited Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital with chief complaints of persistent swelling and discomfort in the left facial area. Her primary symptom was facial swelling that was accompanied by neuropathological symptoms, such as itching, tingling, and warmth that usually continued for 3 to 4 days. During clinical examination of orofacial area, mild swelling and fever were noted in the left face including parotid region, and mild induration could be felt at the corresponding site; sialadenitis of the left parotid gland was tentatively diagnosed. Herein, we performed intraductal irrigation of the left parotid gland in three times per month and prescribed some medication. Thus, her signs and symptoms have been improved, and she did not experience a recurrence for 12-month follow-up to date. This study can support the usefulness of the US-guided irrigation method to treat the sialodochitis fibrinosa without remarkable side effects.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.265-271
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• 2006

Purpose: To analyze the newly developed vacuum assisted auto-lancing technique applied to the forearm for the purpose of obtaining an adequate blood sample for glucose test with minimal pain. Methods: Visual and facial pain measures were introduced to compare lancing pain between the forearm and fingertip in 58 normal females. Sampled blood volumes were accurately measured by computer scanning technique. Results: Visual pain measure demonstrated significant pain reduction effect of the forearm sampling compared with the traditional fingertip sampling, which was also consistent with facial pain measure results. Blood volume more than $0.5{\mu}L$, enough for blood glucose testing with modern glucometers, was collected in 399(86%) of 464 forearm samples. Conclusions: Capillary blood sampling could be performed with minimal pain on the forearm by the newly developed vacuum assisted auto-lancing technique. With some resampling when necessary, the forearm sampling seemed very useful, considering almost no pain felt by the patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.87-91
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• 2018

Sialolithiasis is the most frequent disease of the salivary glands, causing swelling and/or pain of the affected site. We report a 44-year-old woman who presented with severe pain in the lower left second molar region without swelling. Sialoliths on her left submandibular gland were confirmed by radiographic examinations. After robot-assisted sialoadenectomy, the pain did not recur but remained facial paralysis and unaesthetic scar.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.92-96
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• 2018

A 39-year-old male presented with severe pain in right posterior mandibular teeth and temporal area. Initially, the pain in the mandibular teeth was moderate, but the concomitant headache was unbearably severe. His medical history was non-contributory. The clinical and radiographic examination failed to reveal any pathology in the region. There was no tenderness to palpation in the temporalis and masseter muscles or temporomandibular joints. The clinical impression was migraine. The pain in the teeth and headache were aborted using ergotamine tartrate and sumatriptan succinate. Atenolol prevented further pain, while amitriptyline and imipramine had no effect. Migraine can present as non-odontogenic pain in the mandibular teeth, although not as frequently as in the maxillary teeth. A correct diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary dental treatments and to manage pain effectively. Clinicians should be able to identify migraine with non-odontogenic dental pain and establish a proper diagnosis through a comprehensive evaluation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the influence of dysgeusia on prognosis of peripheral facial paralysis. Methods: We investigated 40 cases of patients with Peripheral Facial Paralysis, and classified them as existence of dysgeusia. we evaluated the treatment effect of each group by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System before treatment and after final treatment. Results: 1. Postauricular pain showed the highest frequency in symptoms at onset. 2. As a result of evaluation by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System, treatment score after final treatment was marked higher than that before treatment within each group. 3. After final treatment, non-dysgeusia group showed signficant difference on Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System compared with dysgeusia group. Conclusions: These results suggested that non-dysgeusia group should be get better than dysgeusia group in the patient with peripheral facial paralysis.