• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2006

Botulinum toxin injection has been used in the masticatory muscle area as an effective treatment method of various movement disorders and facial contouring, but its effects on jaw function have not been evaluated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin type A injection into the masseter muscle on the EMG activities of masseter and anterior temporal muscles, and the limitation of jaw function. Fourteen healthy subjects were recruited. Five subjects were injected with 80 units of botulinum toxin type A(Dysport, Ipsen, Wrexham, UK) into each side of masseter muscle, and nine subjects were injected with saline into the same site as the botulinum toxin group. The surface EMG activities at maximum voluntary contraction of masseter and anterior temporal muscles were recorded before, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks after injection. Presence of jaw functional limitations in each subject was investigated using Korean version of Jaw Functional Limitation Scale(JFLS) questionnaire. The masseter muscle EMG was gradually decreased in the botulinum toxin group comparing with that of the control group(p<0.001), but the anterior temporal muscle EMG did not show significant changes. There was significant increases in the mastication (p<0.01), and global jaw limitation(p<0.05) subscales of JFLS at 1 week after injection, but no significant changes in the other subscales including opening, and verbal and emotional expression during the recording periods. Our results suggest that botulinum toxin injection into masseter muscle can affect modest limitation in mastication function at 1 week after injection but recovered to the baseline until 3 weeks after injection. The EMG activity of masseter muscle had been gradually decreased until 3 weeks after botulinum toxin injection but the anterior temporal muscle did not show any significant changes.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.502-510
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• 2006

In this paper, we describe implementation of a computer access device for the severly motor-disability. Many people with severe motor disabilities need an augmentative communication technology. Those who are totally paralyzed, or 'locked-in' cannot use conventional augmentative technologies, all of which require some measure of muscle control. The forehead is often the last site to suffer degradation in cases of severe disability and degenerative disease. For example, In ALS(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) and MD(Muscular dystrophy) the ocular motorneurons and ocular muscles are usually spared permitting at least gross eye movements, but not precise eye pointing. We use brain and body forehead bio-potentials in a novel way to generate multiple signals for computer control inputs. A bio-amplifier within this device separates the forehead signal into three frequency channels. The lowest channel is responsive to bio-potentials resulting from an eye motion, and second channel is the band pass derived between 0.5 and 45Hz, falling within the accepted Electroencephalographic(EEG) range. A digital processing station subdivides this region into eleven components frequency bands using FFT algorithm. The third channel is defined as an Electromyographic(EMG) signal. It responds to contractions of facial muscles and is well suited to discrete on/off switch closures, keyboard commands. These signals are transmitted to a PC that analyzes in a time series and a frequency region and discriminates user's intentions. That software graphically displays user's bio-potential signals in the real time, therefore user can see their own bio-potentials and control their physiological signals little by little after some training sessions. As a result, we confirmed the performance and availability of the developed system with experimental user's bio-potentials.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.93-100
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• 2016

Objectives : To find an acupuncture point where more exact Surface Electromyography(SEMG) measurement can be drown, through the study of measurement of orbicularis oris. Methods : Of healthy people from 19 to 40 years of age, who did not fall under exclusion criteria (22 males and 22 females), were selected as subjects, after relaxation for 10 minutes, and they were told how to pronounce 'O' and 'U' with their lips puckered. The SEMG figures were measured with attaching disposable electrode on acupuncture point of right-and-left Hwaryo(LI19) and 1 cun away from Seungjang(CV24) on both sides when the subjects pronounced 'O' and 'U'. Results : The average value was highest on left 1 cun away from Seungjang(CV24) in pronouncing 'O' and 'U', and the average SEMG value was higher in the order of right 1 cun away from Seungjang(CV24), right Hwaryo(LI19), left Hwaryo(LI19). Average of the lower orbicularis oris is statistically higher than that of the upper orbicularis oris, which has significant meaning. However, there was no significant difference when compared by pronunciation. Average of percentage mark of differences of right-and-left measured value of each pronunciation and each acupuncture point : Pronounced 'O' and the upper part of orbicularis oris: $16.76{\pm}11.29%$, pronounced 'O' and the lower part of orbicularis oris: $22.41{\pm}12.92%$, pronounced 'U' and the upper part of orbicularis oris: $17.10{\pm}9.89%$, pronounced 'U' and the lower part of orbicularis oris : $19.20{\pm}10.82%$. Conclusion : The difference of pronunciation will not affect the results in SEMG measurement. In addition, the average of the lower orbicularis oris is statistically and significantly higher than that of the upper orbicularis oris.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.2 s.49
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• pp.175-185
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to investigate the activities of genioglossus and orbicularis oris muscle between normal occlusion and anterior open bite group. 39 subjects without the experience of orthodontic treatment and T.M.disorder were selected for this study. 20 subjects were normal occlusion. 19 subjects were anterior open bite. The twenty items were measured from the cephalometric headplates, and EMG recording of the genioglossus, orbicularis oris muscle were taken at rest position, water swallowing, jaw opening, isometric tongue protrusion, maximum tongue protrusion. All data were analyzed and processed with the computer statistical method. The following results were obtained: 1. Except at rest position. the muscle activities of genioglossus muscle in anterior open bite were higher than in normal occlusion with singificatn difference. 2. Except druing water swallowing, the muscle activities of orbicularis oris muscle in anterior open bite were higher than in normal occlusion with significant difference. 3. During maximum tongue protrusion, the geniolossus muscle of anterior open bite subjects showed the highest muscle activity. 4. Anterior open bite showed closer interrelationship between facial morphology ad the genioglossus, orbiculars oris muscle activities than that of nomral occlusion with significatn difference.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2009

Leading of the computer, IT technology has make great strides. As a information-industry-community was highly developed, user's needs to convenience about intelligence and humanization of interface is being increase today. Nowadays, researches with are related to BCI are progress put the application-technology development first in importance eliminating research about fountainhead technology with DB construction. These problems are due to a BCI-related research studies have not overcome the initial level, and not toward a systematic study. Brain wave are collected from subjects is a signal that the signal is appropriate and necessary in the experiment is difficult to distinguish. In addition, brain wave that it's not necessary to collect the experiment, serious eyes flicker, facial and body movements of an EMG and electrodes attached to the state, noise, vibration, etc. It is hard to collect accurate brain wave was caused by mixing disturbance wave in experiment on the environment. This movement, and the experiment of subject impact on the environment due to the mixing disturbance wave can cause that lowering cognitive and decline of efficiency when embodied BCI system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an accurate and efficient brain-wave DB building system that more exactness and cognitive basis studies when embodied BCI system with brain-wave. For the minimize about brain wave DB with mixing disturbance, we propose a DB building method using an automatic control and prevent unnecessary action, put to use the subjects face tracking.