• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical prognostic factors affecting facial palsy in 98 idiopathic facial palsy patients who were hospitalized and treated in 2015, using retrospective statistical analysis. Methods : We investigated patients with idiopathic facial nerve palsy, admitted to a Korean medical hospital in 2015, and examined patients' variables and therapeutic variables. For analysis of clinical data, an independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and simple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 24.0. Results : 1. The initial degree of facial palsy showed statistical significance with age. The older the age, the more severe the initial palsy. 2. Following treatment degree of facial palsy was statistically significant with age, hypertension, and fasting blood sugar (FBS). The higher the value, the slower the recovery from facial palsy. There was a statistical significance with the number of treatments in a Korean medical hospital. The more frequent the treatment, the faster the facial palsy recovery. 3. Degree of facial palsy after 12 months was statistically significant with age, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, and the initial severity of facial palsy. The higher the value, the slower the facial palsy recovery. 4. Sex, left or right sided palsy, alcohol consumption, smoking, history of facial palsy, season of onset, total number of treatments and bio chemistry (BC), complete blood cell count (CBC), urinalysis (UA) factors had no statistical significance with prognosis of facial palsy. Conclusion : Age, season of onset, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, initial severity of facial palsy, and the number of treatments at a Korean medical hospital showed statistical significance. The number of treatments at the Korean medical hospital positively correlated with facial palsy prognosis, and the others variables showed a negative correlation with facial palsy prognosis.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권9호
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• pp.101-111
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• 1994

The human face can provide a great deal of information in regard to his/her race, age, sex, personality, feeling, psychology, mental state, health condition and ect. If we pay a close attention to the aging process, we are able to find out that there are recognizable phenomena such as eyelid drooping, cheek drooping, forehead furrowing, hair falling-out, the hair becomes gray and etc. This paper proposes that the method to estimate the age by analyzing these feature components for the facial image. Ang we also introduce the method of facial image synthesis in accordance with the cange of age. The feature components according to the change of age can be obtainec by dividing the facial image into the 3-dimensional shape of a face and the texture of a face and then analyzing the principle component respectively using 3-dimensional model. We assume the age of the facial image by comparing the extracted feature component to the facial image and synthesize the resulted image by adding or subtracting the feature component to/from the facial image. As a resurt of this simulation, we have obtained the age changed ficial image of high quality.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2008

Facial palsy is a general nerve disease which is occurred in a lateral incomplete or complete facial palsy. But it makes man restrict a social activity and so it is very important that we know the prognosis factors of a patient for medical care. We want to investigate the position and the patterns of the facial palsy according to sex and age. In this study, we performed the excitability test of the facial nerve on 103 patients (male 45 and female 58) which diagnosed as the Bell's palsy having an acute facial palsy, and the rate of the facial palsy was 42% (43 case) in right oculi and 58% (60 case) in left oculi. The facial palsy was appeared widely from young to elderly patients and especially, the rate of the facial palsy was high in age groups from 40 to 50.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2015

Background Functional restoration of the facial expression is necessary after facial nerve resection to treat head and neck tumors. This study was conducted to evaluate the functional outcomes of patients who underwent facial nerve cable grafting immediately after tumor resection. Methods Patients who underwent cable grafting from April 2007 to August 2011 were reviewed, in which a harvested branch of the sural nerve was grafted onto each facial nerve division. Twelve patients underwent facial nerve cable grafting after radical parotidectomy, total parotidectomy, or schwannoma resection, and the functional facial expression of each patient was evaluated using the Facial Nerve Grading Scale 2.0. The results were analyzed according to patient age, follow-up duration, and the use of postoperative radiation therapy. Results Among the 12 patients who were evaluated, the mean follow-up duration was 21.8 months, the mean age at the time of surgery was 42.8 years, and the mean facial expression score was 14.6 points, indicating moderate dysfunction. Facial expression scores were not influenced by age at the time of surgery, follow-up duration, or the use of postoperative radiation therapy. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that facial nerve cable grafting using the sural nerve can restore facial expression. Although patients were provided with appropriate treatment, the survival rate for salivary gland cancer was poor. We conclude that immediate facial nerve reconstruction is a worthwhile procedure that improves quality of life by allowing the recovery of facial expression, even in patients who are older or may require radiation therapy.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2012

Purpose: Statistical analysis of facial bone fractures has been performed in various papers. However, reports on risk factors for facial bone fractures are rare. In order to prevent facial bone fractures, it is important to determine the risk factors for their occurrence. This study seeks to perform a statistical analysis on and identify the risk factors associated with facial bone fractures. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to assess facial bone fractures in patients presenting from October 2009 to January 2011 through a chart review. The data collected included age, gender, etiology, and alcohol consumption. Data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression analysis. The significance level was set at p<0.05 and SAS ver. 9.2 was used. Results: A total of 489 patients were analyzed. The patients' age ranged from 2 to 85 years (mean age, $31.8{\pm}15.4$ years). The ratio of men to women was 5.0:1. The predominant group was age below 19 years old (30.9%). The main causes of facial bone fractures were assaults (37.8%), falls (27.2%), and sport accidents (19.5%). On multinomial logistic regression analysis, age, especially in the teen group was associated with assaults (p<0.05) resulting in facial bone fractures. Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with assaults and falls (p<0.05) leading to facial bone fractures. Conclusion: Facial bone fracture is a challenging problem, because of its high incidence and financial cost. The findings of this study indicate that more effective policies aimed at reducing alcohol intake and teenage violence are needed.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2023

얼굴 영상으로부터 나이를 인식하는 기술의 응용분야가 증가함에 따라 이에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 얼굴 영상으로부터 나이를 인식하기 위해서는 나이를 표현하는 특징을 추출하고, 추출된 특징으로 나이를 정확하게 분류하는 기술이 필요하다. 최근 영상 인식 분야에서 다양한 CNN 기반 딥러닝 모델이 적용되어 성능이 크게 개선되고 있으며, 얼굴 나이 인식 분야에서도 성능 개선을 위해 다양한 CNN 기반 딥러닝 모델이 적용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 CNN 기반 딥러닝 모델의 얼굴 나이 인식 성능을 비교하는 연구를 수행하였다. 영상 인식 분야에서 많이 활용되고 있는 AlexNet, VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-18, ResNet-34, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, ResNet-152를 활용하여 얼굴 나이 인식을 위한 모델을 구성하고 성능을 비교하였다. 실험 결과에서 ResNet-34를 이용한 얼굴 나이 인식 모델의 성능이 가장 우수하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.87-97
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• 1989

연조직 측모의 연령증가에 따른 변화양상을 정확히 규명하고자 정상적인 안모 및 교합을 가졌다고 생각되는 9세 아동 남자 29명, 여자 26명을 대상으로 2년 간격으로 3차례에 걸쳐 얻어진 두부방사선 규격사진을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 남녀별 각 계측항목의 연령에 따른 평균치 및 표준편차를 산출하였다. 연조직 측모의 평가에서 soft tissue facial angle, total facial convexity angle은 연령증가에 따른 약간의 변화를 보여 주었으며 기타 항목에서는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 연조직 후경은 연령증가에 따른 증가를 보여 주었으며 두안부의 하안면부(point B, pog) 보다는 구순부(point A, LS, LI)에서의 증가량이 더 크게 나타났다. 안면고경의 바율은 GL'-Sn/Sn-Me' 1:1, Sn-St/St-Me' 0.51:1, Sn-LI/LI-Me' 0.82 : 1 로 연령증가에 따른 큰 변화가 없었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2009

This study is to help make-up and coordination for image-making after analysis of facial color and shape of elderly women. The data was analyzed 55-75 years old 212 elderly women's face color and pictures by means of SPSS 12.0 statistics package. On the basis of the colorimetric data on face by Minolta CM2500D, this research considered the analysis of facial color, patternization of facial color and its analysis by age group; for the analysis of facial shape, this research patternized facial shape and analyzed its characteristic using both contour-based facial shape analysis and Kamata facial shape analysis. As for facial color, it was found that the lower age bracket has bright and reddish face, looking fine, while the higher age bracket has a conspicuously yellowish face, looking bad. The community of facial color is classified as 3 types and it was found out that the facial color of the subjects belonging to Type 3, whose L value is the largest, looked the brightest; the face of the subjects belonging to Type 2, whose a value is the largest, was much tinged with red, and the face of the subjects belonging to Type 1, whose b value is the largest were tinged with yellow. According to the analysis of facial shape, there appeared oval & long forms in the classification by contour, while there appeared a lot of downward-directed power and inner-directed power in the classification by Kamata, which is believed to reflect the phenomenon that their chin line becomes roundish and the facial length also tend to be longer due to aging.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.58-62
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• 2015

Background: Age-related changes have been studied for lower and middle facial bones. Although the forehead comprises one-third of the facial area, no studies have investigated age-related changes in the upper part of the face or forehead. The purpose of this study was to use three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) to investigate age-related changes in the frontal bone. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for patients who underwent 3D CT scan of facial bones. Patients were divided by gender and age (20 to 40 years, 41 to 60 years, and above 60 years). The frontal bone curvature was evaluated by the length of frontal bone and by two frontal bone angles in relation to the Frankfurt horizon. Results: In both genders, aging was associated with increasing lower slope length. In elderly men (>60 years), the upper slope angle was significantly higher when compared to younger male subjects. Women demonstrated similar age-related changes, but the differences were only statistically significant for the middle and older age groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates quantifiable age-related changes in the frontal bone. These findings contribute to the understanding of age-related changes of the facial soft tissues. The mean measurements in each age group can be used as a reference when planning forehead reconstruction.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2014

기존의 피플 카운팅 시스템(People Counting System)은 주로 오버헤드(Overhead) 시점에 설치된 단일 카메라를 활용하기 때문에, 겹침 및 가림 현상과 일정 크기 이상의 소지품, 급격한 조명 변화와 같은 외부 환경적 요인들로 인해 객체 인식에 장애가 발생하고, 다양한 환경에서 카운팅을 수행하기에 어려움이 존재한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기존 단일 시점 피플 카운팅 시스템의 인식 장애 개선 및 외부 환경적 요인들에 보다 강인하게 카운팅할 수 있도록, 오버헤드 및 전면 시점에 두 개의 깊이 카메라를 활용하는 얼굴 나이 그룹별 피플 카운팅 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 오버헤드 영상 처리, 전면 영상 처리, 동일 객체 판별, 얼굴 나이 그룹 분류, 입퇴장 카운팅의 총 5가지 처리를 통해 얼굴 나이 그룹별 피플 카운팅을 수행한다. 제안 시스템을 C++, OpenCV 및 Kinect SDK를 기반으로 구현하여, 나이 그룹별로 10명씩 총 40명을 대상으로 피플 카운팅 성능과 나이 그룹 분류 성능을 각각 평가하였다. 성능 평가 결과는 피플 카운팅에서 약 98%의 정확도를 나타냈고, 나이 그룹 분류는 약 74.23%의 정확도를 보였다.