• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate work performance and calling as determinants of job satisfaction among nurse midwives. Methods: The participants of this study were registered nurse midwives who had worked in the delivery room for more than 6 months. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, postal mail, and mobile devices. Subjects completed self-report questionnaires from July to August 2017. The dataset was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score for job satisfaction was 3.42±0.45. Among the sub-factors, income had the lowest score (2.67±0.72) and management of delivery had the highest score (3.81±0.66). Job satisfaction was significantly different according to marital status (t=2.25, p=.028), residential area (t=2.43, p=.016), and cause of job satisfaction (F=4.54, p=.012). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with work performance (r=.29, p<.001) and calling (r=.57, p<.001). The correlation between work performance and calling was also positive and statistically significant (r=.32, p<.001). Purpose and meaning (β=.48, p<.001) and marital status (β=-.15, p=.025) significantly influenced job satisfaction. The model developed in this study explained 45% of variation in job satisfaction. Conclusion: Nurse midwives' job satisfaction may be enhanced by entrusting them with professional roles and tasks. Above all, it is necessary to develop and provide programs that help nurse midwives connect their jobs with the meaning and purpose of their lives.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.400-413
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• 2016

80 MPa급 고강도 콘크리트가 강거더의 압축 플랜지로 대체하는 아중합성 거더의 경우, 플랜지와 케이싱 및 케이싱과 바닥판 2개의 접합부 계면이 형성되는데 각 계면의 수평 전단 저항능력은 구조물의 안전성에 있어 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 계면 상세를 달리한 6개의 실험체를 도로교설계기준(한계상태설계법)에 따라 설계 및 제작하여 이중합성 보의 휨 파괴 대비 수평 전단에 대한 구조 성능 실험을 수행하였다. 실험체의 주요변수로 스터드 전단연결재의 저항계수, 바닥판 콘크리트 및 철근의 재료저항계수, 콘크리트 인장강도에 따른 부착계수, 케이싱 콘크리트의 표면 상태 그리고 수평전단철근의 간격을 고려하였다. 실험 결과, 강재 상부 플랜지와 고강도 케이싱의 계면이 고강도 케이싱과 바닥판 계면 보다 결합성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 고강도 케이싱과 바닥판 계면에서는 케이싱 표면에 요철 또는 거칠기를 주는 것 보다 보수적으로 수평전단철근을 배근하는 것이 소성영역까지 합성 거동을 유지하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2006

The physical property and phase transformation in a commercial dental casting high gold alloy was investigated as a function of ageing temperature and time using microvickers hardness tester, X-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy and EPMA analyser. 1. With increasing ageing time, the hardness of solution-treated gold alloys increased slowly at the initial stage of ageing treatment at an ageing temperature of $300{\sim}400^{\circ}C$, and it reached a maximum value of hardness at the medium stage. Finally, it decreased gradually during further ageing. The maximum value of hardness at was similar with that of the conventional materials and suitable for using as the crown & bridge. 2. During isothermal ageing at a temperature range of $300{\sim}400^{\circ}C$, three phases consisting of the Au-rich ${\alpha}_1$phase with a face-centered cubic structure, the Pt3Zn ${\alpha}_2$phase with an ordered AuCu3(L12) type(f.c.c.) and the Pt-rich ${\alpha}_3$phase with face-centered cubic structure in solution-treated gold alloys were transformed into different three phases consisting of the ${\alpha}_1$phase, the ${\alpha}_3$phase and the PtZn $\beta$phase with an ordered AuCu I(L10) type. 3. The hardening of gold alloys was attributed to the lattice strains of the matrix resulting from the transformation of the ${\alpha}_2$phase to the $\beta$phase. 4. The softening of gold alloys during over-ageing was attributed to the coarsening of the nodules consisting of the $\beta$phase and ${\alpha}_1$matrix.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.425-444
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• 2023

This study is to investigate the effect of interference between two C-shaped high-rise buildings by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), focusing on the variation of the local pressure coefficient (C_P) and the mean pressure coefficient (C_PMEAN). Sixteen building position cases are considered for the present study. These cases were based on the position and height of the interference building (IB). The pressure coefficient (C_P) is calculated on the principal building (PB) and is compared with an isolated building identical in shape and size. The interference effect on PB has also been presented in reference for the interference factor (IF). According to the findings, the maximum force coefficient on the PB is 0.971 and it is 10.97% more than the isolated PB when IB is located at position 2b (two times the width of the building), and the interfering height of 13H/15 mm. The moment coefficient on PB is 1.27, which is 27.36% less than the isolated case in which IB pushed 2b to 3b in the y direction with 750 mm height. In most of the cases, because of the shielding effect of the IB, the value of force coefficient (C_F) on PB has been reduced. On the face of the PB, there are also considerable differences in the mean pressure coefficient C_PMEAN. When IB was positioned at a location of 2b in Y direction and an interfering height of 13H/15 mm, the maximum C_PMEAN (1.58) was observed on the leeward face of PB.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.257-281
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• 2012

This study aims to examine individual perceptions and lived experiences of the Net generation of student teachers and the previous generation of teachers about their technology use in education. The participants of this study include 106 pre-service teachers and 50 in-service teachers from one teacher education university in Korea. Employing a mixed methodology, we first empirically examined the participants' perceptions toward multiple variables related to technology use in education, namely (a) past ICT experiences in schools, (b) personal computer use, (c) constructivist belief, (d) computer efficacy, (e) attitude toward computer in education, and (f) prospective computer use. In addition, we conducted face-to-face interviews with selected participants for the in-depth investigation of their lived experiences about technology use, beliefs, and attitude. Results indicate that there are significant differences between in-service and pre-service teachers in their prior experiences with technology in schools. However, the pre-service and in-service teachers did not differ significantly in their beliefs, attitude and other technology-related variables, which may indicate the danger of generational determinism in the Net Generation debate. The analysis of interview narratives revealed two major themes about the interplay of one's agency and structural changes in the participants' lived experiences with technology use in education: (a) transition from negative past experiences to opportunities for positive computer use, and (b) attitudes formation and change through apprenticeship experiences and structural influences. In conclusion, this study suggests that the Net Generation debate should move beyond dichotomous or techno-centric thinking. There is a critical need to pay more attention to develop deeper understandings of the fundamental diversity existing within the generation itself. Implications for teacher education are also discussed.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2012

Usually compound dies are used in clinch washer production. However, in this study, a fine blanking die is designed and manufactured, and clinch washers are produced by the die. Clinch washers are for electric exhaust gas recirculation (EEGR) and they recirculate some of exhaust gas to reduce harmful substances. Fine blanking automation production eliminates difficulties operators face on conventional press.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.167-193
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• 2020

In this paper, the behavior of interior steel fiber reinforced concrete beam - column joints (BCJs) under cyclic loading is investigated. An experimental program including tests on twelve reinforced concrete (BCJs) specimens under cyclic loading was carried out. The test specimens are divided into two groups having different geometry: group (G1) (symmetrical BCJs specimens) and group (G2) (nonsymmetrical BCJs specimens). The parameters considered in this study are the steel fibers (SFs) content by volume of concrete (V_f), the spacing of shear reinforcement at the joint region, and the area of longitudinal flexural reinforcement. Test results show that the addition of 0.5% SFs with stirrups spacing S=S_max has effectively enhanced the overall performance of BCJs with respect to energy dissipation, ductility ratio, spreading and width of cracks. The failure of specimens is governed mainly by the formation of a plastic hinge at the face column and outside the beam-column junction. Secondary shear cracks were also observed in the beam-column junctions.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

일라이트-스멕타이트 혼합층광물(I-S)은 속성작용과 열수변질작용에 의해 생성되는 자생광물로 온도와 칼륨이온 농도가 증가할수록 일라이트가 증가하는 I-S 상으로 전이하기 때문에 에너지 및 광물자원탐사분야에서 지온계와 연대측정계로 널리 활용되고 있다. 일반적으로 I-S 층상구조를 이루고 있는 규산염층의 개수가 한정적이기 때문에 (보통 5 ~ 15개) 팽창도라 부르는 스멕타이트 함량(%S)이 이론치보다 낮게 나타나는 특징이 있다(이를 단범위적층효과라 함). 본 연구에서는 기본입자(I-S 결정자를 물리적으로 분리하였을 때 관찰되는 최소 단위체)가 면대면(face-to-face)으로 쌓여 I-S 층상구조를 이룬다는 기본입자모델을 적용하여 적층정도에 따른 팽창도 차이로부터 단범위적층효과를 정량화하고자 하였다(${\Delta}%S=%S_{Max}-%S_{XRD}$; $%S_{Max}$ = 기본입자가 무한적층을 하였을 때 팽창도, $%S_{XRD}$ = 기본입자가 제한적층을 하였을 때 팽창도로 통상 X-선 회절분석을 이용하여 측정함). 본 연구를 위하여 금성산화산암복합체(경북 의성)에서 산출되는 11개 I-S 시료로부터 1 ${\mu}m$ 이하 입도를 분리하여 $%S_{XRD}$와 평균부합성산란두께(average coherent scattering thickness)를 측정하였으며 이 두 값을 활용하여 평균기본입자두께($N_f$)와 $%S_{Max}$를 유도하였다. 연구결과, 팽창도가 20 $%S_{XRD}$ 지점에서 단범위적층효과가 최대로 발생하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며 이는 대략적으로 평균 3개의 규산염층으로 구성된 기본입자($N_f{\approx}3$)가 쌓여 I-S 층상구조를 이루고 있는 경우에 해당하였다. Kang et al.(2002)의 $%S_{XRD}$와 $N_f$ 다어그램을 이용하여 각 질서도(Reichweite)에 대한 $%S_{XRD}$ 범위를 유추해본 결과, 단범위적층효과로 인하여 $%S_{XRD}$값의 범위가 적층확률(junction probability)을 통하여 유도한 이론치보다 더 낮은 쪽으로 이동하는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한, I-S 층상구조를 구성하는 기본입자의 두께가 I-S 질서도를 결정하는 주요 인자임을 재확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2003

This study investigated the degree of self-care practice to maintain the stable respiratory function and the required respiratory nursing needs upon the elderly with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The research subjects were 115 elderly people over 60 years old, who were diagnosed to have chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (the mixed type, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, emphysema) and were hospitalized in 3 university hospitals in Busan or treated as outpatient, and the data was collected over the period between June 1, 2002 and September 30, 2002. In order to measure the respiratory self-care practice degree and nursing needs of the subjects, the instrument on the self-care practice and the instrument on nursing needs were developed by the researcher. The research results are as follows: 1. The mean of respiratory self-care practice degree by the subjects was 2.41 out of 4 for each clause, and the degree of practicing general management was the highest(2.70), and nutrition control(2.66), respiratory exercise(2.65), expectoration of sputum (2.63), oxygen therapy(2.60), environment control(2.50), and medication control(2.36) succeeded. 2. The degree of self-care practice had a significant difference depending on age(F=2.82, P=0.02), frequency of hospitalization(F=3.11, P=0.01), and diagnosed disease(F=15.66, P=0.00). 3. The subjects nursing needs of respiratory system were 3.07 on the average out of 4.00, and 'I want to know how to prevent the infection of respiratory system such as cold scored the highest 3.83, while the clauses like 'want to know how to face the respiratory disorder properly'(3.77) and 'want the specific explanation of the symptoms of my disease'(3.66) also had scored high points. 4. The nursing needs of the respiratory system had a significant difference depending on diagnosed disease such as mixed type of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma (F=6.70, P=0.00). The research showed that the subjects degree of self-care practice of respiratory system was low on the whole, while the nursing needs for managing respiratory organ were relatively high. Therefore, specific education concerning the nursing of the disease and self-care upon the elderly having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is necessary.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2021

스마트폰과 태블릿과 같은 스마트 기기의 발달과 사용이 증가함에 따라, 모바일 기기를 기반으로 한 모바일 어플리케이션 시장이 급속도로 커지고 있다. 모바일 어플리케이션 사용자는 어플리케이션을 사용 경험을 공유하고자 리뷰를 남기는데, 이를 분석하면 소비자들의 다양한 니즈를 파악할 수 있고 어플리케이션 개발자들은 소비자들이 작성한 리뷰를 통해 애플리케이션의 개선을 위한 유용한 피드백을 받을 수 있다. 그러나 소비자들의 남기는 많은 양의 리뷰를 수작업으로 분석하기 위해서는 많은 시간과 비용을 지불해야하기 때문에 이를 최소화 할 방안을 마련할 필요성이 존재한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 구글 플레이스토어(Google PlayStore)의 배달 어플리케이션 사용자 리뷰를 수집한 후 머신러닝과 딥러닝 기법을 활용하여 어플리케이션 기능 장점, 단점, 기능 개선 요청, 버그 보고의 4가지 범주로 분류하는 방법을 제안한다. 연구 결과, Hugging Face의 pretrain된 BERT기반 Transformer모델의 성능의 경우 위의 4개의 범주에 대한 f1 score값은 차례대로 0.93, 0.51, 0.76, 0.83으로 LSTM, GRU보다 뛰어난 성능을 보인 것을 확인할 수 있었다.