• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.441-447
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• 2018

This study aims to develop digital techniques that enable repeated practice of dental radiography using augmented reality technology. A three-dimensional object was fabricated by superimposing a photograph of an adult model and a computed tomography image of a manikin phantom. The system was structured using 106 radiographs such that one of these saved radiographs is opened when the user attempts to take a radiograph on a mobile device. This system enabled users to repeatedly practice at the pre-clinical stage without exposure to radiation. We attempt to contribute to enhancing dental hygienists' competency in dental radiography using these techniques. However, a system that enables the user to actually take a radiograph based on face recognition would be more useful in terms of practice, so additional studies are needed on the topic.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2019

In this paper, we present a new method for real-time tracking of human walking around a laser sensor system. The method converts range data with $r-{\theta}$ coordinates to a 2D image with x-y coordinates. Then human tracking is performed using human's features, i.e. appearances of human walking pattern, and the input range data. The laser sensor based human tracking method has the advantage of simplicity over conventional methods which extract human face in the vision data. In our method, the problem of estimating 2D positions and orientations of two walking human's ankle level is formulated based on a moving trajectory algorithm. In addition, the proposed tracking system employs a HMM to robustly track human in case of occlusions. Experimental results using a real system demonstrate usefulness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2021

Recently, due to COVID-19, studies have been popularly worked to apply neural network to mask wearing automatic detection system. For applying neural networks, the 1-stage detection or 2-stage detection methods are used, and if data are not sufficiently collected, the pretrained neural network models are studied by applying fine-tuning techniques. In this paper, the system is consisted of 2-stage detection method that contain MTCNN model for face recognition and ResNet model for mask detection. The mask detector was experimented by applying five ResNet models to improve accuracy and fps in various environments. Training data used 17,217 images that collected using web crawler, and for inference, we used 1,913 images and two one-minute videos respectively. The experiment showed a high accuracy of 96.39% for images and 92.98% for video, and the speed of inference for video was 10.78fps.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

Objectives : Trauma patients have attentional bias which enforces traumatic memories and causes cognitive errors. Understanding of such selective attention may explain many aspects of the posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms. Methods : We used the rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP) method to verify attentional blink in burn patients with PTSD. International affective picture system(IAPS) was used as stimuli and distracters. In the 'neutral test', patients have been presented series of pictures with human face picture as target stimuli. Each picture had 100ms interval. However the distance between target facial pictures was randomized and recognition of second facial picture accuracy was measured. In the 'stress test', the first target was stress picture which arouses patient emotions instead of the facial picture. Neutral and Stress tests were done with seven PTSD patients and 20 controls. In '85ms test' the interval was reduced to 85ms. The accuracy of recognition of second target facial picture was rated in all three tests. Eighty-five ms study was done with eighteen PTSD patients. Results : Attentional blinks were observed in 100-400ms of RSVP. PTSD patients showed increased recognition rate in the 'stress test' compared with the 'neutral test'. When presentation interval was decreased to 85 ms, PTSD patient showed decrease of attentional blink effect when target facial picture interval was 170ms. Conclusion : We found attentional blink effect could be affected by stress stimulus in burn patients. And attentional blink may be affected by stimulus interval and the character of stimulus. There may be some other specific mechanism related with selective attention in attentional blink especially with facial picture processing.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.537-544
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• 2020

This paper proposes the creation of an android robot head based on the facial action coding system(FACS), and the generation of emotional expressions by FACS. The term android robot refers to robots with human-like appearance. These robots have artificial skin and muscles. To make the expression of emotions, the location and number of artificial muscles had to be determined. Therefore, it was necessary to anatomically analyze the motions of the human face by FACS. In FACS, expressions are composed of action units(AUs), which work as the basis of determining the location and number of artificial muscles in the robots. The android head developed in this study had servo motors and wires, which corresponded to 30 artificial muscles. Moreover, the android head was equipped with artificial skin in order to make the facial expressions. Spherical joints and springs were used to develop micro-eyeball structures, and the arrangement of the 30 servo motors was based on the efficient design of wire routing. The developed android head had 30-DOFs and could express 13 basic emotions. The recognition rate of these basic emotional expressions was evaluated at an exhibition by spectators.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.4 s.310
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose the development of MHLA(Modulatory Hippocampus Learning Algorithm) which remodel a principle of brain of hippocampus. Hippocampus takes charge auto-associative memory and controlling functions of long-term or short-term memory strengthening. We organize auto-associative memory based 3 steps system(DG, CA3, CAl) and improve speed of learning by addition of modulator to long-term memory learning. In hippocampal system, according to the 3 steps order, information applies statistical deviation on Dentate Gyrus region and is labelled to responsive pattern by adjustment of a good impression. In CA3 region, pattern is reorganized by auto-associative memory. In CAI region, convergence of connection weight which is used long-term memory is learned fast by neural networks which is applied modulator. To measure performance of MHLA, PCA(Principal Component Analysis) is applied to face images which are classified by pose, expression and picture quality. Next, we calculate feature vectors and learn by MHLA. Finally, we confirm cognitive rate. The results of experiments, we can compare a proposed method of other methods, and we can confirm that the proposed method is superior to the existing method.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.234-243
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• 2020

Purpose: This study is aimed to identify the health-related quality of life for children with a mentally ill parent. Methods: The 13 participants were school-aged children whose parents were registered at the D Regional Mental Health Welfare Center. Data were collected using one-on-one interview with illustration cards and analyzed by content analysis. Results: The participants were living a difficult life in anxiety amid a reversal of parent-child role, such as doing housework and taking care of their parents. The study revealed a love-hate family relationship that the participants wanted parental recognition and attention but they were frustrated by insufficient parental care and sibling conflict. Nevertheless, they only had each other themselves to trust and rely on. Their mixed health awareness and negative emotions were influenced by parents. Some of participants were exposed to dangerous environment such as domestic violence, and they need support system for help in difficult situations. Sometimes they felt happy by satisfying physiological, social, and self-esteem needs. They also showed a positive potential that they were matured more than peers through the experience of overcoming difficulties. Conclusion: Not only were there not enough attention and support for the children with mentally ill people, but they were also exposed to an environment that threatens their physical or mental health. Therefore, to improve their health-related quality of life, there should be some integrated support of the community health system to cope with the challenges they face.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.267-280
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• 2020

Mirror is a physical reflective surface, typically of glass coated with a metal amalgam, and it is to reflect an image clearly. They are available everywhere anytime and become an essential tool for us to observe our faces and appearances. With the advent of modern software technology, we are motivated to enhance the reflection capability of mirrors with the convenience and intelligence of realtime processing, microservices, and machine learning. In this paper, we present a development of Digital Mirror System that provides the realtime reflection functionality as mirror while providing additional convenience and intelligence including personal information retrieval, public information retrieval, appearance age detection, and emotion detection. Moreover, it provides a multi-model user interface of touch-based, voice-based, and gesture-based. We present our design and discuss how it can be implemented with current technology to deliver the realtime mirror reflection while providing useful information and machine learning intelligence.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

It is inevitable for college students to be confused when they first face university education, which requires them to be self-reliant and responsible, after finishing their course of education, which is passive under control of period and environment, in primary, middle, and high schools. Introduction to college courses, which require students to be subjective and responsible, to be taken after chronically and environmentally controlled primary and secondary education, are but confusing. In this stage, college education should provide ground for educational system so that students can escape from repetitively enforced way of studying of fixed curriculums and study creatively and subjectively while befitting each individual's aptitude. For instance, in programming classes in engineering school, students scholastic achievements are closely interrelated with the professor's educational principles. A change in method of education, from one previously focused on theoretical contents to one centered on practices and experiments, can reap good results. Also, as the need arose for introduction of practice-focused evaluation system, from recognition-centered professor evaluating system to enablement of actively developing creative and self-reliant way of learning, we applied the Rublic System. It is a feedback system that all or most students become the evaluators, of which the indicators of evaluation such as category, standard, and score are public. We have looked into whether or not there has been an improvement in GPAs of students, and if there exists an improvement then what efforts should be made to solidify the system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.153-166
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was planed to evaluate clinical status of the alopecia patients who had visited Korean medicine clinic. And the result from this study would provide a standard in Korean medical diagnostic and classification method of alopecia. Methods : Clinical records of 183 patients with alopecia seen from January 2004 to April 2005 at Korean medical clinic was examined. They were classified into 4 different types according to chief complains besides alopecia by 2 Korean medical doctors. Results and conclusions : We made clinical analysis of patients of alopecia from January 2004 to April 2005. Among the alopecia patients who visit Korean medical clinic, people age between 20 and 30 had high ratio. The duration from the recognition of initial hair loss to the time of the first visit to the Korean medical clinic was less than 12 months in 20.8%(38/138), and less than 60 months in 72.2% (132/183). The condition of alopecia was more worse than other alopecia patients who visit the west medical clinic. Also the ratio with increased temperature of face or scalp is chief complaint except alopecia in alopecia patients was high in men and the ratio with dysfunction of digestive system or chronic weakness was high in women. Among the incidence of alopecia, the androgenic alopecia was most in number; 43.7%(80/183) and the sex distribution showed 83 men and 100 women.