• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.373-380
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• 2017

This study identified the effect of changes in the riverbed on the benthic macroinvertebrate communities. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites belonged to 119 species, 65 families, 20 orders, and 7 classes in 4 phyla. The number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (E.P.T) species was 42, 10, and 8, respectively, in the tributary, confluence, and Nakdong River sites. Lotic species (Hydropsychidae) showed a high density at the tributary sites, whereas lentic species (Chironomidae) showed a high density at the confluence and Nakdong River sites. Community analysis showed that the Dominance Index (DI) was 0.54 in tributary sites, and dominance indices increased closer to the Nakdong River sites. The diversity index (H') was inversely proportional to DI. The ratio of Burrowers species (BU) at the surveyed sites increased closer to the Nakdong River sites. Analysis of common species showed 37 species (34.6%) between the tributary and confluence sites and 66 species (51.5%) between the confluence and Nakdong River sites.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine how a low-head dam removal (partial removal) could affect benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a stream. Benthic macroinvertebrates and substrates were seasonally sampled before and after dam removal (March 2006-April 2007). Benthic macroinvertebrates and substrates were quantitatively sampled from immediately upstream (upper: pool) and downstream (lower: riffle) sites, the location of the dam itself (middle), and immediately above the impoundment (control: riffle). After the removal, species richness and density of benthic macroinvertebrates as well as the EPT group (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) increased to higher levels than those before the removal, while functional feeding groups and habitat orientation groups changed more heterogeneously at the upper site. At the lower site, species richness and density decreased somewhat immediately after dam removal, which was associated with an increase of silt and sand, but recovered after monsoon floods which helped to enhance substrate diversity at the upper site. Decreased dominance index and increased diversity index in both the upper and lower sites are evidence of positive effects from the dam removal. In conclusion, we suggest that even a partial removal of a dam, resulting in increased substrate diversity in the upper site, could sufficiently help rehabilitate lost ecological integrity of streams without major habitat changes.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

Facing the challenges of urban form and space quality in a high-density environment, the paper puts forward the development trend of three-dimensional and multi-functional design for an urban high-rise complex, and analyzes the design methods of establishing an urban landmark, including multi-functional composition, three-dimensional space integration, three-dimensional traffic organization and energy flow programming. Meanwhile, combined with the specific design case of Yiwu World Trade Center, the practical experience of designing a high-rise complex in China's medium-sized cities is analyzed.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.689-699
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• 2018

The changes on community structures of benthic macroinvertebrates, relevance to the environment and interrelationship between benthos were studied over two years in stream with large environmental disturbance, which caused by localized heavy rain during Typhoon Chaba in October 2016. As a result, the number of species and individuals were increased after localized heavy rain, especially numbers of individuals of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera were greatly increased. On the contrary, those of Semisulcospira libertina and Semisulcospira forticosta of Mesogastropoda were greatly decreased. Dominant species was Baetis fuscatus of Ephemeroptera, numbers of species and individuals of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera(EPT group) were dramatically increased from 26 species, 110 individuals to 32 species, 365 individuals respectively. This suggests that the change of river bed and flow velocity due to heavy rain provided a suitable environment for the EPT group that preferred the rift of a stream. In the functional feeding group, only gathering collectors and filtering collectors were identified in autumn of 2017 because some functional groups preferentially adapted to the changed environment. The interspecific competition and environmental condition were the worst in autumn after heavy rain due to the increase individuals of some species. The ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate community(ESB) was higher after the heavy rain than before. Results of the Group Pollution Index(GPI), Korean Saprobic Index(KSI) and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index(BMI) were similar to those before and after heavy rainfall. Therefore, ESB was the most discriminating method for estimating the biological water quality in this study. Some species that are sensitive to water quality changes still appear or increase individuals in the area under investigation after the heavy rain. On the other hand, the individuals of some pollutant species decreased. This is thought to be because the habitat fluctuation caused by heavy rainfall has improved the water environment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2008

The loss, alteration, and fragmentation of habitat have led to a reduction of biodiversity. The growing awareness of the negative effects of habitat fragmentation on natural systems has resulted in conservation strategy that is concerned with not only population and habitat level but also ecosystem and landscape level. Especially, ecological network to link core areas or major habitat patches is one of the most important issues. Recently, landscape connectivity is increasingly used in decision making for fragmented landscape management in order to conserve the biodiversity in the regional scale. The objective of this study was to find potential forest as a ecological corridor in Go-yang city, Gyung-gi province using cost-distance modelling method that can measure connectivity based on animal movement. 'Least cost-distance' modelling based on functional connectivity can be useful to establish ecological network and biodiversity conservation plan. This method calculates the distance modified with the cost to move between habitat patches based on detailed geographical information on the landscape as well as behavioural aspects of the animal movement. The least cost-distance models are based on two biologically assumptions: (1) dispersers have complete knowledge of their surroundings, and (2) they do select the least cost route from this information. As a result of this study, we can find wildlife moving route for biodiversity conservation. The result is very useful for long-term aspect of biodiversity conservation plan in regional scale, because this is reflection of geographical information and behavioural aspects of the animal movement.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.691-709
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• 2011

본 연구는 금강 수계의 환경요인을 이용한 서식지 유형분류와 그에 따른 수서곤충 섭식기능군의 분포특성을 규명하기 위한 것으로 2007년부터 2008년까지 금강 수계에서 총 38개 지점에 대하여 봄과 가을에 걸쳐 년 2회씩 총 4회 조사를 실시하였다. 38개 조사지점별로 15개의 환경요인들을 현장 측정한 후 서식지 유사도 분석을 실시한 결과, 거리 척도값 4를 전후하여 상류구간(HD)은 C1과 C3그룹, 중류구간(MS)은 C2와 C4 그리고 C5그룹, 하류구간(LR)은 C6과 C7그룹으로 서식지 유형이 분류되었다. 서식지 유형분류에 있어 영향을 끼치는 주요한 환경요인은, 물리적 환경요인의 경우 하폭과 고도, 화학적 환경요인의 경우 수온과 전기전도도 그리고 DO, 하상재료의 경우 모래와 실트 그리고 잔자갈의 함량으로 분석되었다. 조사시기 동안 출현한 수서곤충은 총 9목 46과 142종으로 조사되었고, 서식지 유형별 종수 및 개체수 현존량 증감과 높은 상관성을 보인 주요 환경요인은 유속과 모래의 함량으로 나타났다. 또한 섭식기능군과 환경요인 사이의 상관성 분석결과, (1) 걸러먹는 무리(FC)는 유속, 수폭, 실트 (2) 주어먹는 무리(GC)는 유속 (3) 잡아먹는 무리(P)는 고도, 유속, 큰돌, 전기전도도, 모래 (4) 뚫어먹는 무리(PP)는 수폭, 실트 (5) 긁어먹는 무리(SC)는 유속, 전기전도도 (6) 썰어먹는 무리(SH)는 고도, 큰돌, DO, pH, 전기전도도, 수온과 각각 상관성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과, 단계적 다중회귀분석(SMRA)에 의해 도출된 금강 수계의 환경요인 중 고도, 하폭, 유속, 전기전도도, 수온 그리고 모래 등 6개의 요인은 생물군집의 서식과 상관성($r{\geqq}0.600$, P<0.01)이 있는 것으로 나타나 금강 수계 섭식기능군 분포에 영향을 미치는 주요한 요인으로 제시되었다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2023

In response to China's "Regulations on the Management of Earthquake Resistance of Building Constructions" on the provision of eight types of important buildings to maintain functional after fortified earthquakes occur, "Guidelines for Seismic Design of post-quake functional buildings (Draft for Review)" distinguishes Class I and Class II buildings, and gives the performance objectives and seismic verification requirements for design earthquakes and severe earthquakes respectively. In this paper, a hospital and a school building are selected as examples to design according to the requirements of fortification of Intensity 8 and 7 respectively. Two design strategies, the seismic isolation scheme and energy dissipation scheme, are considered which are evaluated through elastic-plastic dynamic time-history analysis to meet the requirement of post-quake functional buildings. The results show that the seismic isolation design can meet the requirements in the above cases, and the energy dissipation scheme is difficult to meet the requirements of the "Guidelines" on floor acceleration in some cases, for which the scheme shall be made valid through the seismic resilience assessment. The research in this paper can provide a reference for designers to choose schemes for post-quake functional buildings.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.547-559
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• 2012

구하도는 예전에 물이 흘렀던 흔적을 말하며 우리나라는 1960년대 하천정비사업으로 인해 인위적으로 생성된 습지형 구하도가 대부분이다. 습지형 구하도는 홍수조절을 하며, 생물서식의 보고가 되고, 인간에게 심미적 가치를 주는 등 중요한 생태계이다. 하지만 폐천부지로 분류되어 관리가 소홀하고 그 흔적조차 사라지고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 습지형 구하도의 훼손정도를 명확히 파악하고 적절한 관리 및 투자의 근거자료를 마련하기 위해 습지형 구하도의 기능을 평가하는 방법을 제안하였다. 국내 습지형 구하도 환경에 적합한 4가지 속성(자연성, 서식처, 친수성, 수질)과 21개의 지표를 선정하였으며, 낙동강의 두 개 지점에 적용해 본 결과 지점1은 중 장기적으로 보호 또는 개선이 필요한 지역으로 나타났으며, 지점2는 우선보호지역으로 나타났다. 이 평가법은 국내에 방치되어 있는 습지형 구하도의 상황에 맞는 적절한 관리에 도움을 줄 것이며, 향후 국가하천사업시 하도에 최적화된 평가툴로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

This study was carried out to propose the functional assessment and a wise use strategy on the ecologically valuable 'village wetlands' distributed in living area in Geumsan gun, Chungnam province, Korea. The targets of the functional evaluation were 24 wetlands, selected from 123 village wetlands, where villages and agricultural lands or core ecosystems are located within living area near the wetland and wetlands with historical and cultural significance. The functional evaluation was carried out by RAM (Rapid Assessment Model) and the conservation strategies were suggested. As a result of the functional evaluation, 9 wetlands were rated 'high' (2 'absolute conservation' and 7 'conservation' strategies), 14 wetlands were rated 'medium' ('enhancement' strategies), and one wetland was rated 'low' ('restore or enhancement' strategy). In consideration of the results of the functional evaluation, interviews with village residents, and historic meaning, 6 important village wetlands were selected that require additional management strategies, such as conservation, enhancement, and restoration. 2 wetlands were from "absolute conservation" strategy and 4 wetlands derived from "conservation" and "enhancement" strategy wetlands in consideration of the ecological connectivity of wetlands, the use of surrounding land, and the function as a biological habitat. The wise use and conservation strategy was specifically proposed respectively.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.318-326
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• 2017

2008년부터 2013년까지 우리나라는 4대강 살리기 사업을 진행하면서 하천준설 및 습지 내 유원지화로 기존의 습지가 축소되거나 훼손되었다. 이에 환경적 측면을 고려해 대체습지를 조성하였으나, 이에 대한 관리가 미흡한 상태이다. 습지의 효율적 관리를 위해서는 먼저 습지의 기능을 평가하고 각 기능에 맞는 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 4대강 사업으로 조성된 강천습지를 대상으로 수정 HGM 방법을 이용하여 수문학적, 생지화학적, 동 식물서식처 기능을 평가하였다. 기능평가를 위한 변수를 산정하기 위해 4대강 사업 전과 사업 후의 강천습지에 대한 현황과 습지에 대한 자료 및 제원을 문헌조사 및 현장조사 그리고 수리 수문모델링을 통해 획득하였다. 기능평가 결과 4대강 사업 이후 수문학적 기능이 65.5%, 생지화학적 기능이 66.6%, 식물서식처 기능이 75%, 그리고 동물서식처 기능이 108.3%로 4대강 사업 이후 강천습지는 이전에 비해 78.9%의 기능을 수행하는 것으로 분석되었다. 수문학적 기능의 감소는 4대강 사업 이후 지표하 저류의 감소, 그리고 생지화학적 기능 및 식물서식처 기능의 감소는 4대강 사업으로 인해 강천습지 주변의 모래톱이 상당 면적 제거되었기 때문이다. 따라서, 감소한 기능을 보완하기 위해 습지 구역을 확장하고, 다양한 식물을 식재할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서 사용된 수정 HGM 방법은 기존의 습지로부터 대체습지에 대한 개선 정도를 고려할 수 있으므로 조성된 대체습지를 효율적으로 관리하는데 활용할 수 있다. 또한 습지를 새롭게 조성할 경우 시간에 따른 조성 습지의 기능 변화를 평가하기에 매우 유용할 것으로 판단된다.