• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.505-511
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• 2009

Water soluble ZnS nanocrystals were synthesized by capping the surface of the nanocrystals with valine and alanine molecules, which are structurally simple and bio friendly amino acids. The obtained ZnS nanocrystal powders were characterized by XRD, HR-TEM, and EDXS spectroscopies. The measured particle sizes by HR-TEM images were in the range of 3.3 to 3.6 nm. In addition, the surface capping amino acids molecules were characterized by FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopies.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2015

In this study, anti-foaming agents of a fatty acid methyl esters was synthesized and confirmed by FT-IR and $^1H-NMR$ spectroscopy. Synthesized material of characteristic of -C=O group having a $1740cm^{-1}$ and -C-O group $1175cm^{-1}$ peak by using FT-IR, and it was confirmed that k. Surface tensions were measured by surface tensiometer CBVP-43. Their surface tension values was 17.7 to 21 dyne/cm. Anti-foaming abilities in the SLS solution was measured through the Ross-Miles method. Performance of the 4 type of anti-foaming agent was determined and the best anti-foaming agent was prepared using stearic acid methyl.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2013

Since its development in the United Kingdom, the stapler has been used extensively to bind books. Staples comprising almost entirely of iron, first made in the early 1900s, are used to staple the cores of books. These staples change the colour of paper to brown and this browned paper ultimately crumbles. Basic research is being performed on solutions to prevent the deterioration in the quality of paper in the area around the staples. In this study, the cause of this browning of paper in the area was investigated. SEM-EDS, optical microscopy and FT-IR were used to analyze a browned area of three paper samples. It was found that the browned area had shortened fibres. In addition, iron was detected in this area. The corrosion of this iron led to this area of the paper being partially covered by iron(III) oxide, the product of the corrosion, as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2008

The annals of Joseon Dynasty is the most valuable resource containing the record of Korean history and has been known as one of the UNESCO's Memory of the World Register. There was a period that the annals of Joseon Dynasty was used with beeswax to control pests. It is considered as the prior reason of damage on the annals of Joseon Dynasty. Therefore, in this study we analysed the spectrum of traditional paper inside and outside of Korea, beeswax and accelerated artificial aging paper to restore the waxed volume in the annals of Joseon Dynasty by using FT-IR. As a result of FT-IR analysis, spectrum did not showed its big difference in all paper used in this study. However, there was a different spectrum in paper which was made with not Broussonetia kazinoki, but Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea and Dioscorea batatas. Among traditional papers in various countries, spectrum of Korean paper showed the most similarity from the annals of Joseon Dynasty. In comparison between accelerated artificial aging paper and waxed volume, we could identify the change of spectrum affected by the damage.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2009

In this study, Organo-montmorillonite(MMT) was synthesized by intercalation of various amine(Octylamine, Dodecylamine, Dimethyldodecylamine, Octadecylamine) compounds into layered silicate. Natural Rubber(NR)/MMT nanocomposites were prepared by reinforcement of Organo-MMT. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Scanning electron microscope(SEM) were employed to characterize the layer distance of Organo-MMT and the morphology of the NR/MMT nanocomposites. The structures of the synthesized Organo-MMTs were analyzed by the measurement of FT-IR. Cure characteristics, surface free energy and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus and hardness of NR/MMT nanocomposites were carefully studied by contact angle meter, ODR, UTM, and hardness tester. FT-IR analysis showed a insertion of the alkyl and amine chains into the interlayers of the MMT. It was shown that the cure time of the organo-MMT was more decreased than that of $Na^+$-MMT. Surface free energy and tensile strength of the NR/DDA-MMT nanocomposite were the highest. NR/ODA-MMT nanocomposite was the highest in hardness.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Ion exchange membrane is widely used in various fields such as electro dialysis, diffusion dialysis, redox flow battery, fuel cell. PVC cation exchange membrane using ultrasonic modification was prepared by sulfonation reaction in various sulfonation times. Sulfuric acid was used as a sulfonating agent with ultrasonic condition. We've characterized basic structure of sulfonated PVC cation exchange membrane by FT-IR, EDX, water uptake, ion exchange capacity (IEC), electrical resistance (ER), conductivity, ion transport number and surface morphology (SEM). The presence of sulfonic groups in the sulfonated PVC cation exchange membrane was confirmed by FT-IR. The maximum values of water uptake, IEC, electrical resistance and ion transport number were 40.2%, 0.87 meq/g, $35.2{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ and 0.88, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to investigate the change of physicochemical properties of humic acid, surfactants and water by pulsed electric field treatment. Critical micelle concentration(CMC) of surfactants and physicochemical properties of water were determined by the conductivity measurement, FT-IR and NMR, respectively. In electric field processing, structural changes of C-N complex and C=O were founded by FT-IR analysis. The increase of Hertz wave was in the range of 2.3 to 9.9 Hz in NMR analysis. CMC of cation and anion surfactant decreased to 1.3% and 9.2%, respectively, while the value of UV-vis increased. UV-vis of humic acid decreased by pulsed electric field. Therefore, application of pulsed electric field systeme was directly indicated to influence the physicochemical properties of water and organic compounds.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

Humic substances(HS) from raw and process waters at a conventional water treatment plant were isolated and extracted by physicochemical fractionation methods to investigate their characteristics. They are characterized for their functionality, chemical composition, and spectroscopic characteristics using FT-IR(Fourier transform infrared) and $^1H-NMR$(proton nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. Humic fraction gradually decreased from 47.2% to 26.4%(from 0.97 to 0.54 mgC/L) through conventional water treatment processes. Concentration of phenolic groups in the HS fraction gradually decreased from 60.5% to 21.8%(from 12.2 to $6.0\;{\mu}M/L$ as phenolic-OH) through water treatment. In the case of carboxylic groups, the concentration increased from 39.5% to 46.9%(from 7.9 to $10.6\;{\mu}M/L$ as COOH) by pre-chlorination, but gradually decreased to 34.2%($9.4\;{\mu}M/L$ as COOH) through sedimentation and sand filtration. From the results of the FT-IR and $^1H-NMR$ spectra of HS, the content of carboxylic groups increased and ratio of aliphatic protons to aromatic protons($P_{Al}/P_{Ar}$) also increased through water treatment, which indicated the increase of aliphatic compounds.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.16-22
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• 1999

The quantitative analysis of SB latex contents in coating color and coated paper was investigated with FT/Raman spectroscopy. From the measured FT/IR and FT/Ramon spectra, the peaks of coating color were compared with those of each compoents . Calibration curves were obtained by the area of latex peaks and PLS method of QuantIR program. The relation of predicted values in PLS method and actual values in coating mixtures and coating layer was examined. The components of coating layer in coated paper were investigated by EDS , X-mapping and SEM, The contents of latex in z-direction were calculated in the coating layer of unknown coated paper. The latex concentration measurements of Top layer and Pre layer in double coated paper show that each layer has different value. In single coated paper, it is clear that the latex concentration is highest at the surface and decreases with an increase of depth. From those results it is indicated that the latex migrates to the coated surface. The result of this study may be applied to the binder migration study and the quality control in paper mill.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.638-647
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• 2021

Organic residues are substances derived from diverse natural sources. Recent scientific analysis of organic residues has yielded important information in restoring the lifestyles of ancient peoples. In this study, the organic material contained within the celadon oil bottle of the Goryeo dynasty, excavated from the Soejoul site in Geumneung-dong, Chungju, was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results showed that the organic materials in the bottle were plant-derived oils. In particular, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols were detected using GC-MS analysis. Sesamin components were also identified. Sesamin, which is a characteristic component of sesame seeds, is a lignan and an antioxidant. As the organic residues in the oil bottle were derived from sesame seeds, it is presumed that sesame oil was stored in the bottle.