• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.695-703
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• 2015

Acceptance criteria for chemical admixtures of cement concrete were investigated in domestic and international specifications. The reliability was verified for solid content test method of chemical admixture examined statistical analysis by round robin test. The applicability of FT-IR spectroscopy for qualitative measurement of multi-compound chemical admixtures verified. From solid content experimental results, outlier analysed using Cochran, Grubbs and Dickson's Q test. Repeatability and reproducibility standard deviation for solid content results showed 0.25 and 0.098% respectively according to KS A ISO 5725-2 procedure, it can be confirmed reliability of test methods. FT-IR spectrum of liquefied or oven-dried chemical admixtures condition showed big differences. It is needed that the FT-IR analysis is performed on dry material. However there's no difference with the applicability of FT-IR spectroscopy for multi-compound chemical admixtures. So the utility of method analysis could not identify.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.17-17
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• 2018

Panax ginseng Meyer is a perennial medicinal plant, the roots of which has been used in the traditional formulations in Oriental countries. To understand its floral transition, we isolated Flowering Locus T (FT) from ginseng, the bioinformatics analysis of PgFT has revealed a considerable homology to the higher plants, with the essential amino acids for FT function are conserved. The phylogenetic analysis has shown that the PgFT is belonged to the shrub classes of plants and closest kin to Jatropha curcas FT. The expression profiling from juvenile (2-year-old) were abundant in leaves as well as in root and was concentrated in the secondary leaflet and stem bottom in adult (4-year-old) ginseng plant tissues, moreover PgFT transcript displayed photoperiod dependent oscillation. The ectopic expression of PgFT in Arabidopsis thaliana, exhibit precocious flowering and several floral pathway integrators were up-regulated, interestingly their root length was increased in the transgenic seedlings. Therefore, we could conclude that PgFT encodes a florigen that acts as a key regulator in the flowering pathway in ginseng and hypothesize that, it might involve in the underground organ development as well. We believe our finding could provoke future studies on the physiology and development in P. ginseng.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.455-464
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• 1992

Using FT-IR, we determined the depth of silylated layers produced from various gas-phase-silylation conditions was proposed by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis. The depth of silylated layer was determined from absorbance measurments of the significant peaks (Si-O-ph, Si-C, Si-H) of FT-IR spectra with background spectrum subtraction method. And the results were compared with thickness measurments of SEM. The results were well agree with SEM. It found to be well suited for determining silylation process window.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2016

As a generalized form of the conventional Fourier transform, fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) can analyze a signal at intermediate domain between time and frequency domains with a transform order ${\alpha}$. Especially, FrFT has a number of advantages in the analysis of LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation) signals due to its robustness to noise. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to detect and estimate the distance of the target from the FrFT spectrum of the received echo signal. Experimental results have validated the proposed method, and shown that reliable target distance could be estimated in noise and reverberation environments.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.27-31
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• 2011

In this study, combustion toxicity evaluation for building interior materials and study for toxicity as using FT-IR analysis. this experiment for the calculation of toxicity index, it using a cone calorimeter model in KS F ISO/TR 9122-4 as a fire model. It is following ISO 19702 procedure for assessing fire toxic gas using FT-IR. This experiment used calculation method for toxicity index (FED) among the international standards. $LC_{50}$ is a concentration that it can cause death to 50 % of experimental animal in 30 minutes - exposure gas test. comparison with the three kinds of toxicity fire gas of construction materials using toxicity index.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.128-134
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to determine the reference interval of serum thyroid hormones(TSH, $FT_3$, $FT_4$) in healthy Korean adults. Methods : Health examination data from 1,591 healthy Korean adults who visited an university hospital were analyzed. Patients with specific health conditions capable of altering laboratory results were excluded from the study. Serum thyroid hormones were measured using IMMULITE 2000 (DPC, USA, 2002). Subjects were 18-65 years old; 911 were male, and 690 were female. Results : The arithmetic means of TSH, $FT_3$, and $FT_4$ values for male subjects were $1.28{\pm}1.84\;{\mu}IU/ml$, $3.23{\pm}0.57\;pg/ml$, and $1.42{\pm}0.22\;ng/dl$, respectively. In female subjects, the arithmetic means of TSH, FT3, and FT4 values were $1.49{\pm}2.08\;{\mu}IU/ml$, $3.08{\pm}0.54\;pg/ml$, and $1.29{\pm}0.24\;ng/dl$, respectively. The arithmetic mean $FT_4$ value for males decreased with age (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean $FT_3$ value for females increased with age (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean thyroid hormone values of all study subjects differed significantly based on season. The arithmetic mean of male $FT_4$ decreased with increasing BMI (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean of female $FT_3$ increased with increasing BMI (p<0.01). The reference intervals recommended by the IMMULITE 2000 manufacturer are $0.40-4.00\;{\mu}IU/ml$ for TSH, 1.80-4.20 pg/ml for $FT_3$, and 0.80-1.90 ng/dl for $FT_4$ (same values for both genders). Conclusions : There was a significant difference in the interval of thyroid hormones between males and females, but the reference interval of IMMULITE 2000 was not established by gender. There is a need to reestablish the reference interval for thyroid hormones in Korean healthy adults.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.461-466
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• 2002

This paper show Device Driver for RTOS-FT Systems. In this paper, a definition of Device Driver is introduced which is used in RTOS-FT Systems. The structure of Device Driver is briefly divided into physical layer and logical layer. The specific characteristic of Physical Held and logical field which is discussed in this paper is suggested for the system which is satisfied with fault-tolerant theory.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.324-330
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• 2016

To determine whether FT-IR spectral analysis based on multivariate analysis for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate between artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) plants at the metabolic level, leaves of ten artichoke plants were subjected to Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). FT-IR spectra confirmed typical spectral differences between the frequency regions of 1,700-1,500, 1,500-1,300 and $1,100-950cm^{-1}$, respectively. These spectral regions reflect the quantitative and qualitative variations of amide I, II from amino acids and proteins ($1,700-1,500cm^{-1}$), phosphodiester groups from nucleic acid and phospholipid ($1,500-1,300cm^{-1}$) and carbohydrate compounds ($1,100-950cm^{-1}$). PCA revealed separate clusters that corresponded to their species relationship. Thus, PCA could be used to distinguish between artichoke species with different metabolite contents. PLS-DA showed similar species classification of artichoke. Furthermore these metabolic discrimination systems could be used for the rapid selection and classification of useful artichoke cultivars.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.852-863
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• 2016

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a promising and sustainable material, and refers to a combination of wood and plastic along with some binding (adhesive) materials. In comparison to pure wood material, WPCs are in general have advantages of being cost effective, high durability, moisture resistance, and microbial resistance. The properties of WPCs come directly from the concentration of different components in composite; such as wood flour concentration directly affect mechanical and physical properties of WPCs. In this study, wood powder concentration in WPC was determined by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The reflectance spectra from WPC in both powdered and tableted form with five different concentrations of wood powder were collected and preprocessed to remove noise caused by several factors. To correlate the collected spectra with wood powder concentration, multivariate calibration method of partial least squares (PLS) was applied. During validation with an independent set of samples, good correlations with reference values were demonstrated for both FT-NIR and FT-IR data sets. In addition, high coefficient of determination (${R^2}_p$) and lower standard error of prediction (SEP) was yielded for tableted WPC than powdered WPC. The combination of FT-NIR and FT-IR spectral region was also studied. The results presented here showed that the use of both zones improved the determination accuracy for powdered WPC; however, no improvement in prediction result was achieved for tableted WPCs. The results obtained suggest that these spectroscopic techniques are a useful tool for fast and nondestructive determination of wood concentration in WPCs and have potential to replace conventional methods.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.353-365
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• 2000

The purpose of this study were to compare the lumbar extensor strength between pre op patients group and after 6 weeks post op patients group. To evaluate lumbar extensor strength of total 273 patients with HIVD. Lumbar extensor strength was measured in 151 male patients and 122 female patients(Lumbar extensor strength was measured in 91 PELD patients group and 182 OLM group patients) by Medx lumbar extension machine. Maximum voluntary lumbar extension strength was appear $149.36{\pm}61.92ft$-lbs in pre op of PELD group, $158.47{\pm}54.67ft$-lbs in post op of PELD group and $135.54{\pm}54.24ft$-lbs in pre op of OLM group. $147.19{\pm}52.42ft$-lbs in post op of OLM group in male. Maximum voluntary lumbar extension strength was appear $83.85{\pm}30.22ft$-lbs in pre op of PELD group. $92.99{\pm}28.66ft$-lbs in post op of PELD group and $75.16{\pm}24.98ft$-lbs in pre op of OLM group, $79.88{\pm}25.25ft$-lbs in post op of OLM group in female. Male and female lumbar extension strength was statistically significant difference(P<.05). Lumbar flexion/extension ratio of the two group was 2.14:1 pre op and 2.05:1 post op in lumbar flexion 72 and 0 degree. The ratio of post op group was lesser than pre op group.