• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects muscle fatigue at the knee muscles on balance during standing in healthy adults. Methods Thirty healthy adults were recruited along with their written informed consent. Subjects were randomly assigned to knee extensor group (fatigue on knee extensor, KE), and knee flexor group (fatigue on knee flexor, KF). And subjects performed exercise with each muscle group until muscle fatigue was induced. They were assessed balance ability by functional reaching test (FRT), limit of stability (LOS), and postural sway (one leg standing, normal eye open (NO), normal eye close (NC), pillow with eye open (FO), and pillow with eye close (FC)) before and after fatigue. Results There were significant group differences balance performances in FRT, anterior of limit of stability, one leg standing, and the muscle fatigue of knee muscles were decreased balance performances. The balance performance was affected by visual sense and proprioception. Conclusions These results show that the muscle fatigue of knee muscles decreased balance performance. Therefore, balance exercise program should be trained without muscle fatigue.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) on the postural imbalance and gait in children. METHODS: Four children were sampled as subjects. A single subject study (A-B-A') was conducted by measuring the following: baseline five sessions;, intervention phase, 15 sessions;, and postline (A') five sessions. The research period was eight weeks. The CLT program consisted of warming-up exercise, main exercise, and finishing exercise, and it was performed for one hour per day. A oneleg standing test (OLST) was performed determine the static balance. A functional reach test (FRT) was performed determine the reactionary balance. To determine the dynamic balance, the time up and go test (TUG) was performed. A 10m walking test (10 MWT) was performed to determine the walking ability. A statistical test was performed through descriptive statistics to present the average and standard deviation, and the variation rate was compared using a visual analysis method with graphs. RESULTS: As a result of CLT application, all four subjects improved the OLST, FRT, TUG, and 10 MWT compared to the intervention period baseline, and postline period. CONCLUSION: CLT appeared to improve the posture imbalance and gait in children.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2022

Objective: Flexed posture commonly increases with age in older adults and is characterized by kyphosis and forward head posture. Changes in the posture with age affect both balance and mobility. This study was conducted to examine the effects of a cervical stabilization exercise for community-dwelling older adults to improve balance. Design: Two groups pretest-posttest design. Methods: Fifty older adults were randomly assigned into the cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) and control group (n=25). The cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) participated in group exercise for 60 minutes twice a week over 4 weeks. Timed up and go test (TUG), four square step test (FSST), functional reach test (FRT), postural sway, cervical range of motion (CROM), proprioception, craniovertebral angle (CVA) were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: TUG, FSST, FRT, CROM, Proprioception, CVA showed significantly greater improvement, compared with a control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Findings of this study demonstrate that cervical stabilization exercise can help improve not only neck functional capacities but also balance. Therefore, it may be used as an effective balance exercise program for community-dwelling older adults.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.96-111
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• 2022

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effect of core stabilization exercise on the dynamic balance and horizontal rotation of the trunk in young adult men. Through this study, it is expected that various core stabilization exercises will prevent and treat musculoskeletal disease. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: The study subjects were recruited from young adult men in their 20s and 30s living in Seoul, and after the randomized controlled trial, it was divided into an experimental group training core stabilization exercise(n=15) and a control group(n=15). The evaluation methods of this study were modified Star Excursion Balance Test(mSEBT), Functional Reach Test(FRT), and Trunk Rotation Test(TRT). The experimental group performed three sets of crunches and deadbug exercises twice a week for eight weeks, and the control group did not perform any exercises similar to core stabilization exercise during the experimental period. Results: The result of the experiment, the experimental group showed significant improvement in mSEBT(p<.05), FRT(p<.05) and TRT(p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, core stabilization exercises improved dynamic balance and horizontal rotation of the trunk. As a result of this study, core stabilization exercise can prevent and treat musculoskeletal diseases even in healthy people.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2023

Purpose: Recently, many studies on robotic rehabilitation have been conducted, but such studies on patients with ankle sprains are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the effects of robot-assisted rehabilitation on the range of motion of the ankle and balance in patients with ankle sprain. METHODS: This study used the A-B-A' design and was conducted for a total of fifteen days. The subjects performed general physical therapy for five days each, during the baseline A and A' periods. In period B, robot rehabilitation was performed for five days, along with general physical therapy. The subjects were evaluated based on weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT), single leg stance (SLS), and functional reach test (FRT). RESULTS: The WBLT, STS, and FRT showed significant improvement in periods B and A' compared to period A, but there was no significant improvement in period A' compared to period B. Conclusion: This study confirmed that robot-assisted rehabilitation was an effective intervention for improving the function of patients with ankle sprain. In the future, a study with a control group comparison should be performed.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.546-552
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare walking speed and balance abilities according to various taping methodsin patients with stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty patients with stroke who were hospitalized at a rehabilitation hospital were allotted to the either the talus stabilization, Kinesio or sham taping, or barefoot conditions by drawing lots. Assessment tools used were the Functional Reach Test(FRT), Timed Up and Go test(TUG), One-Legged Stance Test (OLST), and the 10-Meter Walk Test(10MWT).After each test was measured three times, the mean values of each test was used for analysis. Results: Significant results were observed with thetalus stabilization and Kinesio taping groupcompared to the barefoot and sham taping method for theFRT,TUG, the OLST, and the 10MWT(p<0.05). Also, significant differences in the resultswere seen in the OLST, TUG, and the 10MWTwith the talus taping compared to the Kinesio taping method(p<0.05). Conclusions: The use oftalus stabilization taping applied to the ankle of patients with stroke was more effective for balance and walking ability improvement than Kinesio taping through the correction of an abnormal position of the talus.It is considered that these methods of taping can be applied effectively in the clinic.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify whether static and dynamic balance in young men were influenced by the different height of insoles in their shoes. Methods : Eighteen healthy young men (mean $20.61{\pm}1.38years$) were recruited for this study. The subjects' static and dynamic balance were assessed while wearing three different height' insoles (0cm, 2cm, 3cm) in their tennis shoes. Anterioposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) sway velocity was measured for 20 seconds using a force plate (Good balance system, Finland) under four conditions including normal standing with eyes open and with eyes closed, and tandem standing with eyes open and with eyes closed. The Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Timed Up & Go (TUG) were also performed for each subject under each condition. Results : 1) ML and AP sway velocities in young men were significantly different according to the height of the insole in normal standing with eyes open and eyes closed. 2) ML and AP sway velocities in young men were not different according to the height of the insole in tandem standing with eyes open. 3) ML sway velocities in young men were significantly different according to the height of the insole in tandem standing with eyes closed, whereas AP sway velocities did not differ by height of the insole in tandem standing with eyes closed. 4) FRT scores in young men were significantly different according to the height of the insole. 5) TUG scores in young men were not significantly different according to the height of the insole. Conclusions : This study's results indicate that the static and dynamic balance in young men can be influenced by shoe insole height.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2014

본 연구는 낙동강에 출현하는 Synedra 속의 길이 차이가 제거 효율과 여과지속시간에 미치는 영향과 특성을 고찰하였다. 길이가 $100{\mu}m$ 내외인 S. tenera 제거율은 90.9~94.4%로 고른 반면, 길이가 $300{\mu}m$ 내외인 S. acus 제거율은 60~70%로 낮았다. 무기응집제 만을 사용할 때 $PACS_2$와 PAC가 다른 응집제보다 S. acus 제거율이 5~6% 높았다. 황토 첨가는 주 응집제의 주입률을 15 mg/L 증가시키고, 모든 Synedra 속의 제거율을 감소시키는 역효과가 나타났다. Sodium Silicate 첨가는 S. acus의 제거율은 다소 향상시켰다. Polyamine은 2.0~2.5 mg/L 첨가하여 S. acus 제거율을 96.9%까지 상승시켰다. Polyamine 주입률과 S. acus 제거율은 비례관계식이 성립하였다. 수온 $15^{\circ}C$가 $4^{\circ}C$보다 S. acus 제거율이 높았다. S. acus의 제거율과 탁도 제거율 및 다른 조류 제거율간의 상관성이 매우 낮았다. 2012년 정수장 운영 사례에서 Synedra 속의 길이에 따른 제거율 특성이 본 실험결과와 비슷하였다. 침전수의 S. acus 개체수와 여과지속시간은 ln 함수관계가 성립되어 여과지속시간을 예측할 수 있었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2017

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자에게 균형훈련과 동시에 장딴지근에 테이핑을 적용하여 발목관절 경직 및 균형능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 진행된 연구이다. 뇌졸중 환자 25명은 장딴지근에 테이핑을 적용한 상태에서 균형훈련을 한 연구군 14명, 거짓 테이핑을 적용한 상태에서 균형훈련을 한 대조군 11명으로 나뉘었다. 경직 평가는 수정된 ashworth 척도로 점수화 하였고, 균형능력 평가는 기능적 팔뻗기와 일어나 걸어가기 검사, TETRAX를 이용하여 눈 뜨고 감은 상태에서의 안정성 지수(stability index), 왼쪽 오른쪽 체중지지도, 앞 뒤 체중지지도를 선택하여 분석하였다. 연구군은 경직, 기능적 팔뻗기, 일어나 걸어가기, 눈 뜨고 감은 상태에서의 안정성 지수, 왼쪽 오른쪽 체중지지도, 앞 뒤 체중지지도에 유의한 개선이 있었다. 두 군간 비교에서는 연구군이 대조군보다 기능적 팔뻗기, 일어나 걸어가기, 눈 뜬 상태에서 안정성 지수, 왼쪽 오른쪽 체중지지도, 눈 감은 상태에서 왼쪽 오른쪽 체중지지도 앞 뒤 체중지지도에 유의한 개선을 보였다. 테이핑 적용상태에서 단기간의 균형훈련은 뇌졸중 환자의 경직 및 균형능력에 효과적인 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 피부에 손상 및 이상이 없는 뇌졸중 환자라면 균형재활에 있어 장딴지근 테이핑 적용을 적극 권고하는 바이다.

• 재활복지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.383-399
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• 2013

본 연구는 수중과 지상에서의 장애물 훈련 프로그램이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형에 미치는 효과를 비교하고자 시행하였다. 연구대상자는 수중운동집단(15명)과 지상운동집단(15명)으로 나누어 장애물 훈련 프로그램을 12주간 주 3회, 40분씩 실시하였다. 정적균형은 Good Balance System을 이용하여 눈을 뜬 상태에서 내 외측 동요속도와 전 후측 동요속도 그리고 동요면적을 측정하였고, 동적 균형검사는 기능적 팔 뻗기 검사와 일어나 걸어가기 검사를 이용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과, 두 집단 모두에서 정적 균형(내 외측 동요속도, 전 후측 동요속도, 동요면적)과 동적균형(기능적 팔 뻗기 검사와 일어나 걸어가기 검사)에서 유의한 차이를 보였고, 집단 간 차이에서는 모든 변수에서 수중운동군과 지상운동군 간의 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 수중과 지상에서의 장애물 훈련이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력 증진을 향상시키며, 수중이란 환경에서의 훈련이 지상운동보다 유의한 효과가 있다는 결과를 알 수 있었다. 수중운동은 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 능력 증진을 위한 방법으로 유용하다고 생각되며, 앞으로도 균형능력 증진을 위한 수중운동에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.