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U, Hui-Gyeong;Kim, Jong-Deok
- The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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- v.6 no.11S
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- pp.3269-3277
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- 1999
To promote the inclusion of end-to-end congestion control in the design of future protocols using best-effort traffic, we propose a router mechanism, Extended FRED(ex-FRED). In this paper, we catagorize the TCP controlled traffics into robust and fragile traffic and discuss several unfairness conditions between them caused by the diverse applications. For example, fragile traffic from bursty application cannot use its fair share due to their slow adaptation. Ex-FRED modifies the FRED(Fair Random Early Drop), which can show wrong information due to the narrow view of actual buffer. Therefore, Ex-FRED uses per-flow accounting in larger virtual buffer to impose an each flow a loss rate that depends on the virtual buffer use of a flow. The simulation results show that Ex-FRED uses fair share and has good throughput.
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James Withers;Robert W. Regenhardt;Adam A. Dmytriw;Justin E. Vranic;Rudolph Marciano;James D. Rabinov
- Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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- v.25 no.3
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- pp.311-315
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- 2023
Anterior communicating artery aneurysms are the most common intracranial aneurysm and have a high risk of rupture which can lead to morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, intracranial aneurysms were treated by clipping with neurosurgical access. However, certain patients may prefer less invasive approaches or not represent open surgical candidates. Flow diverters, including flow-redirection endoluminal devices (FRED), are new-generation stents that are placed endovascularly by transfemoral or transradial access. Recent studies have demonstrated that FRED is both safe and effective, with complete occlusion of aneurysms in over 90% of patients. This case highlights an interesting phenomenon of post-flow diversion circulatory remodeling, where flow diverter treatment can alter the circle of Willis anatomy and physiology.
https://doi.org/10.7461/jcen.2022.E2022.07.009 인용 PDF