• The Journal of Aerospace Industry
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• s.34
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• pp.75-93
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• 1995

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• no.12 s.3
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• pp.38-40
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• 1974

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.111
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• pp.59-64
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• 2004

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.158-163
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• 2016

Background: Phenol and alcohol have been used to ablate nerves to treat pain but are not specific for nerves and can damage surrounding soft tissue. Lidocaine at concentrations > 8% injected intrathecal in the animal model has been shown to be neurotoxic. Tests the hypothesis that 10% lidocaine is neurolytic after a peri-neural blockade in an ex vivo experiment on the canine sciatic nerve. Methods: Under ultrasound, one canine sciatic nerve was injected peri-neurally with 10 cc saline and another with 10 cc of 10% lidocaine. After 20 minutes, the sciatic nerve was dissected with gross inspection. A 3 cm segment was excised and preserved in 10% buffered formalin fixative solution. Both samples underwent progressive dehydration and infusion of paraffin after which they were placed on paraffin blocks. The sections were cut at $4{\mu}m$ and stained with hemoxylin and eosin. Microscopic review was performed by a pathologist from Henry Ford Hospital who was blinded to which experimental group each sample was in. Results: The lidocaine injected nerve demonstrated loss of gross architecture on visual inspection while the saline injected nerve did not. No gross changes were seen in the surrounding soft tissue seen in either group. The lidocaine injected sample showed basophilic degeneration with marked cytoplasmic vacuolation in the nerve fibers with separation of individual fibers and endoneurial edema. The saline injected sample showed normal neural tissue. Conclusions: Ten percent lidocaine causes rapid neurolytic changes with ultrasound guided peri-neural injection. The study was limited by only a single nerve being tested with acute exposure.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 2011

This study was aimed to select the optimal mat condition using existing plant-mats for the efficient planting of bedding Chrysanthemum. At fifty days after cutting with Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Ford', root formation among the treatments using eight different mats outstood with the treatment using 10 mm thick coir net, which has medium inserted between mat layers - called C treatment, compared to other treatments; this treatment had the highest values in the plant height and shoot fresh weight, which were 29 cm and 5.6 g, respectively. On the contrary, in 40 days after transplanting root-formed mats to field, 12 mm thick jute net, which has medium inserted between mat layers, had the highest plants compared to other treatments. However, there was no significant difference in shoot weight compared to C treatment. In experiment of different lengths of cut, the results of growth after transplanting showed that 5 cm long cut performed best compared to 3 and 8 cm long cuts.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.103-115
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• 2014

To summarize current knowledge regarding mechanisms of radiation-induced normal tissue injury and medical countermeasures available to reduce its severity. Advances in radiation delivery using megavoltage and intensity-modulated radiation therapy have permitted delivery of higher doses of radiation to well-defined tumor target tissues. Injury to critical normal tissues and organs, however, poses substantial risks in the curative treatment of cancers, especially when radiation is administered in combination with chemotherapy. The principal pathogenesis is initiated by depletion of tissue stem cells and progenitor cells and damage to vascular endothelial microvessels. Emerging concepts of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity suggest that the recovery and repopulation of stromal stem cells remain chronically impaired by long-lived free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines resulting in progressive damage after radiation exposure. Better understanding the mechanisms mediating interactions among excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activated macrophages, and role of bone marrow-derived progenitor and stem cells may provide novel insight on the pathogenesis of radiation-induced injury of tissues. Further understanding the molecular signaling pathways of cytokines and chemokines would reveal novel targets for protecting or mitigating radiation injury of tissues and organs.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.45 no.9 s.298
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• pp.42-49
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• 2005

• The tire
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• s.28
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• pp.28-30
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• 1970

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.110
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• pp.70-80
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• 2004

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2000

The growing concerns on environmental protection have been constantly demanding cleaner and more energy efficient vehicles without compromising any conveniences provided by the conventional vehicles. The recent significant advances in proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology have shown the possibility of developing such vehicles powered by fuel cells. Several prototype fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) have been already developed by several major automotive manufactures, and all of the favorable features have been demonstrated in the public roads. FCEV is essentially a zero emission vehicle and allows to overcome the range limitation of the current battery electric vehicles. Being motivated by the laboratory and field demonstrations of the fuel cell technologies, variety of fuel cell alliances between fuel cell developers, automotive manufactures, petroleum companies and government agencies have been formed to expedite the realization of commercially viable FCEV. However, there still remain major issues that need to be overcome before it can be fully accepted by consumers. This paper describes the current fuel cell vehicle development status and the staggering challenges for the successful introduction of consumer acceptable FCEVS.