• 제목/요약/키워드: FM0

검색결과 446건 처리시간 0.034초

가시오가피 버섯균사체 발효물의 기능성 식품 소재 개발 (Development of Functional Food Materials from Acanthopanax senticosus-Fermented Mushroom Mycelia)

  • 조주현;최구희;박인재;백순옥;김형하;김충식
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.411-418
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    • 2014
  • 가시오가피(Acanthopanax senticosus)의 잎과 줄기를 천연물배지로 발효미생물인 영지버섯, 노루궁뎅이버섯 및 상황버섯균사체를 각각 최적조건으로 발효하여 3종의 가시오가피-버섯발효물인 가시오가피 영지버섯균사체 발효물, 가시오가피 노루궁뎅이버섯균사체 발효물, 가시오가피 상황버섯균사체 발효물을 얻었으며 이를 건강기능식품 소재로서 이용하고자 하였다. 우선적으로 배양용 시험관과 실험실용 배양병을 사용하여 버섯균사체별 가시오가피의 천연배지로서 최적혼합비율을 검토한 결과 영지버섯균사체, 노루궁뎅이버섯균사체 및 상황버섯균사체의 가시오가피 줄기와 잎의 혼합비율을 각각 80:20, 50:50, 50:50으로 확립하였으며, 이 조건을 가지고 산업용 배양포트(2,000 mL)에서의 최적배양시간을 검토한 결과 영지버섯균사체 14일, 노루궁뎅이버섯균사체 40일, 상황버섯균사체 30일로 확립하였다. 상기와 같이 최적화된 조건으로 배양된 3종의 가시오가피 버섯균사체 발효물들을 물과 70% 에탄올로 추출, 여과, 농축, 동결건조를 수행하여 가시오가피 버섯균사체 발효물 추출분말인 열수추출물(FM-5111, FM-5121, FM-5131)과 70% 에탄올추출물(FM-5112, FM-5122, FM-5132)을 얻었다. 이 가시오가피 버섯균사체 발효물 추출분말의 eleutheroside B와 eleutheroside E를 분석한 결과, eleutheroside B는 FM-5111 $0.050{\pm}0.003mg/g$, FM-5121 $0.067{\pm}0.001mg/g$, FM-5131 $0.026{\pm}0.001mg/g$, FM-5112 $0.038{\pm}0.002mg/g$, FM-5122 $0.053{\pm}0.005mg/g$, FM-5132 $0.025{\pm}0.001mg/g$의 함량을 나타내었고, eleutheroside E는 FM-5111 $0.052{\pm}0.014mg/g$, FM-5121 $0.047{\pm}0.003mg/g$, FM-5131 $0.078{\pm}0.003mg/g$, FM-5112 $0.045{\pm}0.002mg/g$, FM-5122 $0.040{\pm}0.002mg/g$, FM-5132 $0.080{\pm}0.011mg/g$의 함량을 보였으며, ${\beta}$-glucan의 경우 FM-5111 $4.47{\pm}0.14%$, FM-5121 $3.41{\pm}0.15%$, FM-5131 $4.15{\pm}0.06%$, FM-5112 $5.18{\pm}0.36%$, FM-5122 $3.74{\pm}0.40%$, FM-5132 $4.37{\pm}0.32%$의 함량이 측정되었다.

Taurine Enrichment of Eggs with Feather Meal and Pyridoxine

  • Lee, S.M.;Lim, H.S.;Namgung, N.;Lee, B.H.;Paik, I.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.622-629
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    • 2010
  • The effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM) and pyridoxine ($B_6$) on the taurine content of egg yolk and performance of laying hens were investigated. A feeding trial was conducted in nine hundred 31-wk-old $Hy-Line^{\circledR}$ Brown layers over 4 wk. The hens received 6 dietary treatments: Control, FM 3% supplemented diet (FM 3%), FM 3%+$B_6$ supplemented diet (FM 3%+$B_6$), FM 6% supplemented diet (FM 6%), FM 6%+$B_6$ supplemented diet (FM 6%+$B_6$), and synthetic taurine 0.25% supplemented diet (Taurine). Parameters of production were significantly (p<0.05) affected by treatments. The egg production of hens fed FM 3% was the highest and hens fed FM diets were more productive than the Taurine and Control groups. The egg weights of the Taurine group were significantly lower than those of the FM 3% and FM 6% groups, but not significantly different from those of other treatments. The feed intake of the Control group was highest among all groups. The feed conversion ratio of the Control group was higher than in groups receiving other treatments of which FM 6% was the lowest. The broken egg production of the Taurine group was highest, while that of the Control group was lowest among treatments. The taurine content of egg yolk was significantly (p<0.01) increased by supplementation of taurine (64.7%), FM 6%+$B_6$ (57%), FM 3%+$B_6$ (32.1%), and FM 6% (16.6%) over a 4 wk average. Sensory evaluation data of the Taurine group showed the highest score in all of the sensory attributes and those of other treatments were not significantly (p<0.05) different. In conclusion, taurine can be enriched in egg yolk by supplementation of 6% FM and $B_6$, as well as 0.25% synthetic taurine.

Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal with Soya Waste and Fish Meal with Ensiled Shrimp Waste on the Performance of Growing Crossbred Ducks

  • Dong, Nguyen Thi Kim;Elwinger, K.;Lindberg, J.E.;Ogle, R. Brian
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.825-834
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    • 2005
  • Two experiments were conducted with growing crossbred Super-Meat ducks at the experimental duck farm of Cantho University to evaluate the effects of reducing the proportion of soybean meal (SBM) in a broken rice (BR)-SBM mixture and providing soya waste (SW) ad libitum (Expt. 1), and reducing the proportion of fish meal (FM) in a BR-FM mixture and supplying ensiled shrimp waste (ESW) ad libitum (Expt.2). Both experiments included five treatments, with three replicates and ten growing ducks per replicate. In Expt.1, the five diets were based on BR and five levels of SBM, with SW offered ad libitum. The control diet (SBM25) consisted of 75% BR and 25% SBM, and the other four treatments included SBM levels of 20% (SBM20), 14% (SBM14), 8% (SBM8) and 0% (SBM0) mixed with BR to 100%, and with SW ad libitum. In Expt. 2, the control diet consisted of 86% BR and 14% FM, and the other dietary treatments had FM levels of 11% (FM11), 8% (FM8), 4% (FM4) and 0% (FM0) mixed with BR, and with ESW ad libitum. In Expt. 1, total intakes of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) were higher for birds given SW (p<0.001). Total CP intake was highest on the SBM20 diet, and lowest on the SBM0 diet (p<0.001). Lower daily gain (DG) was found for the SBM0 diet (p<0.01). Carcass weights were higher on the control treatment, with the lowest values on the SBM0 diet (p<0.001). Gizzard weights were higher on diets with high intakes of SW (p<0.05). In Expt. 2, birds with high intakes of ESW (FM4 and FM0) had lower (p<0.01) daily intakes of DM. The total CP intakes declined (p<0.001) with higher intakes of ESW. The highest DG were for the control and FM11 diets, while the lowest value was for diet FM0 (p<0.001). The poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was for the FM0 treatment (p<0.01). Lower weights of carcass and breast muscle were found on the FM0 diet (p<0.001). Feed costs per kg gain were only slightly different between diets. However, the lowest feed cost was for ducks on the SBM0 and FM11 diets in Expt.1 and Expt. 2, respectively.

치어기 잉어에 있어 사료내 Lysine 부산물의 첨가효과 (Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Lysine Cell Mass (LCM) in Juvenile Israeli Carp, Cyprinus carpio)

  • 김강웅;왕소길;배승철
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.336-341
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 치어기 잉어에 있어서 어분 (fish meal, FM) 대체 단백질원으로서 lysine 부산물 (lysine cell mass, LCM)이 사료내 이용 가능성과 대체 수준을 결정하기 위해 수행하였다. 실험사료의 조단백질 함량은 $38\%$, 가용에너지는 15.2kJ/g (protein, carbohydrate and lipid: 16.7, 16.7 and 37.7kJ/g)으로 동일하게 맞추어 실험사료를 제조하였으며, 사료의 조성을 요약하면 다음과 같다: $100\%$ $FM; LCM_20$, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM; LCM_40$, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM; LCM_60$, $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM; LCM_100$, $100\%$ $LCM; LCM_20$l, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM+0.07\%$ $Lysine; LCM_40$l, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM+0.14\%$ $Lysine; LCM_60$l $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM+0.22\%$ $Lysine; LCM_100$l, $100\%$ $LCM+0.35\% Lysine. 6주 동안의 실험 결과, 증체율, 사료효율, 일간성장률, 간중량지수 및 단백질전환효율에 있어서 LCM_0와 비교하석 LCM_20는 유의적인 차이가 없는 반면에 (P>0.05), $LCM_40,\;LCM_60$$LCM_100,\;LCM_40l,\;LCM_60$l 및 $LCM_100$l는 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). $LCM_0$$LCM_20$l은 증체율, 일간성장률, 간중량지수 및 단백질 전환효율에 있어서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않는 반면에 (P>0.05), 사료효율에 있어서는 $LCM_0$에 비해 $LCM_20$l이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). 헤마토그리트과 비만도는 모든 사료구에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다 (P<0.05). 따라서, 치어기 잉어에 있어서 Iysine 부산물은 어분단백질의 $100\%$ $FM; LCM_20$, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM; LCM_40$, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM; LCM_60$, $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM; LCM_100$, $100\%$ $LCM; LCM_20$l, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM+0.07\%$ $Lysine; LCM_40$l, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM+0.14\%$ $Lysine; LCM_60$l $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM+0.22\%$ $Lysine; LCM_100$l, $100\%$ $LCM+20\%까지 대체 가능하며, lysine 부산물에 결핍된 필수아미노산인 lysine을 첨가한 사료구에서는 첨가 효과가 나타나지 않았다.

Kefir 유래의 미생물을 이용하여 제조한 발효유의 특성에 관한 연구

  • 김현철;김태진;신희철;송진욱;이종익;유제현
    • 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 제33차 춘계 학술대회
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    • pp.322-325
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    • 2004
  • Kefir에서 유산균인 Lactobacillus acidophilus와 Lactococcus lactis 그리고 효모인 Candida kefir를 분리하였고, 이를 이용하여 FM(Fermented milk) A, B, C 제조${\cdot}$분석하였다. 유산균 수는 FM B가 $8.6{\times}\;10^9\;cfu/ml$로 가장 많았고, 효모수는 FM C가 $1.3{\times}\;10^7cfu/ml$로 가장 많았다. 알콜 함량은 FM C가 3.2%, FM A가 0.98%, FM B가 0.15% 였다. 아미노산은 FM A에서는 Glu, Pro, Leu, Lys, Asp 등이, FM B에서는 Glu, Leu, Pro, Lys 등이, FM C에서는 Glu, Leu, Pro, Lys 등이 주요 아미노산으로 나타났다. 지방산은 FM A, FM B, FM C 모두 palmitic acid(Cl6:0)와 oleic acid(Cl8:1)가 각각 33.5${\sim}$37.7%와 22.1${\sim}$22.4%의 수준으로 주요 지방산을 차지하였다. 관능검사 결과FM C가 가장 높은 점수를 받았으며, 다음은 FM A, FM B 순이었다.

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조피볼락(Sebastes schligeli)에 있어 사료내 단백질 사료원으로서의 어분대체품 (Fish Meal Analog as a Dietary Protein Source in Koran Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli)

  • 김강웅;배승철
    • 한국양식학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.143-151
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 조피볼락 사료에 있어서 어분대체품을 결정하고, 상품어분대체품과 유인물질의 첨가 효과를 통하여 조피볼락용 어분대체품개발을 위한 기초자료도 사용하고자 수행되었다. 실험사료는 조단백질 52%로, 가용성 에너지 16.8 KJ/g으로 설계되었고, 주단백질원으로 북양어분, 어분대체품 및 상품어분대체품을 사용하였다. 사료의 성분조성은 다음과 같이 요약된다 : 사료1, 100%FM (control) ; 사료2, 60%FM : 40% CFMA ; 사료3, 60%FM : 40% CFMA+ATT ; 사료 4, 80%FM : 20% FMA ; 사료5, 80% FM: 20%FMA+ATT : 사료 6, ; 사료6, 60%FM : 40%FMA+ATT; 사료7, 40%FM : 60% FMA+ATT. 어분대체품은 혈분(BM), 오징어간분(SLP), 육골분(MBM), 수지박(LM), 가금부산물(PBP), 우모분(FM), 필수아미노산(Met, Lys, Ile) 등을 적절히 배합하여 제작 사용하였다. 성장률, 사료효율, 일간성장률 및 단백질효율에 있어서 사료 1은 사료 4, 사료 5 및 사료 6에 비해 유의적인 차이가 없었지만(P>0.05), 나머지 실험구들은 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 특히, 상품어분대체품(CFMA)인 사료 2와 사료 3은 실험사료로 제작된 동일한 수준의 사료 6과 비교하여 성장률, 사료효율, 단백질효율에서 유의적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 0.5% 유인물질을 첨가한 사료 3과 5는 사료 2와 4에 비해 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으며(P>0.05), 간중량지수, hemoglobin 및 비만도에 있어서는 유의적인 차이가 나타났다(P<0.05). 따라서, 조피볼락에 있어서 어분대체품(FMA)으로 어분단백질을 40%정도 대체 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

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Evaluation of Fishmeal Supplement with Net Nitrogen Flux by the Portal-drained Viscera and the Liver in Mature Sheep

  • Fukuma, T.;Taniguchi, K.;Obitsu, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권9호
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    • pp.1255-1261
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    • 2005
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the net flux response of nitrogen compounds (alpha-amino N, ammonia N, urea N, essential amino acids) across the portal-drained viscera (PDV), liver and total splanchnic tissues of mature wethers to increasing level of dietary fishmeal (FM) supplementation. Four wethers (average body weight, 64 kg) with chronic indwelling catheters into the portal, hepatic and mesenteric veins and the abdominal aorta were used in a 4${\times}$4 Latin square design. A basal diet consisting of 0.7 hay and 0.3 concentrate was fed twice daily with a fixed amount at 1.4 times maintenance energy (1.3 kg/day on a dry matter basis). The supplementation proportion of FM as treatment was 0, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.09 to the amount of the basal diet to contain 119, 137, 154 and 170 g crude protein per kg dietary dry matter, respectively. Blood flows through PDV and liver did not differ (p>0.05) among the treatments. Both net PDV release and hepatic uptake of alpha amino acid N increased linearly (p<0.05) in response to increased dietary FM, which resulted in similar total splanchnic release of alpha-amino N among the treatments. Similarly, increased dietary FM increased net PDV absorption and hepatic removal of ammonia N linearly (p<0.05). Hepatic synthesis and total splanchnic release of urea N increased linearly (p<0.01) with increased dietary FM, but PDV uptake of urea N did not respond to increased dietary FM. Linear regression equations between the increases in FM N intake and PDV net flux indicated that 0.34 and 0.30 of FM N was absorbed in the form of alpha-amino N and ammonia N, respectively. The results demonstrated that FM supplementation provides more alpha-amino N than ammonia N to the liver, but the alpha-amino acid N absorption is less than the expected metabolizable protein N from FM supplementation.

치어기 틸라피아에 있어 사료내 어분 대체원으로서 라이신 부산물의 첨가효과 (Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Lysine Cell Mass as a Fish Meal Replacer in Juvenile Nile Tilapia)

  • 김강웅;이진영;배승철;이희석
    • 한국양식학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.197-203
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    • 2001
  • 이 연구는 치어기 틸라피아에 있어서 어분(fish meal, FM) 대체 단백질원으로서 라이신 부산물(lysine cell mass, LCM)이 사료내 이용 가능성과 대체 수준을 결정하기 위해 수행하였다 실험사료는 조단백질 35%, 가용성 에너지 15.3 kJ/kg으로 설계되었고, 주 단백질원으로 어분, 대두박, 콘글루텐밀 및 라이신 부산물을 사용하였다. 주 동물성 단백질원인 어분 단백질을 라이신 부산물에 의한 대체 수준에 따라 사료 조성을 요약하면 다음과 같다: $LCM_0, 100% FM: LCM_{10}, 90% FM+10% LCM, LCM_{20}, 80% FM+20% LCM; LCM_{30}, 70% FM+30% LCM; LCM_{40}, 60% FM+40% LCM; LCM_{30}l, 70% FM+30% LCM+lysine; LCM_{30}ln, 70% FM +30% LCM + lysine +NaOH; LCM_{40}lan, 60% FM+40% LCM+lysine+arginine; LCM_{40}/lan, 60% FM+40% LCM+lysine+arginine+NaOH.$ 8주간의 실험 결과, 증체율과 일간성장률에 있어서는 사료구 $LCM_0$와 비교하여 모든 사료구에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 아울러 아미노산 첨가 및 중화효과는 모든 사료구에서 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05). 사료효율과 단백질 전환효율에 있어서 사료구 LCMo는 사료구 $LCM_{10}. LCM_{20}. LCM_{30}lan, LCM_{40}lan 및 LCM_{40}lan$과 비교하여 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않은 반면에(P>0.05), 사료구 $LCM_{30}, LCM_{40} 및 LCM_{30}l$보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 아미노산 첨가와 중화효과에 있어서 사료구 $LCM_P{30}la, LCM_{30}l 및 LCM_{30}ln$은 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면에 사료구 $LCM_{40}la 및 CM_{40}lan은 LCM_{40}$과 비교하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 따라서, 치어기 틸라피아에 있어서 성장을 기준으로 라이신 부산물은 어분 단백질을 40%까지 대체가 가능하였으며, 아울러 높은 라이신 부산물의 대체 수준에 있어서 사료효율과 단백질 전환효율을 고려한다면 아미노산 첨가(라이신과 아르지닌)와 중화 효과에 좋은 결과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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우모분과 pyridoxine에 의한 taurine 강화 계육 생산

  • 이승민;임희석;이복희;김우연;백인기
    • 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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    • pp.95-96
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    • 2004
  • An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM its) digests on the performance of broiler chicks and taurine content in broiler meat. A total of 1,000 broiler chickens were assigned to five dietary treatments : Control, FM diet(FM), FM+pyridoxine(FM+Pyridox), H$_2$O$_2$ treated FM diet(H$_2$O$_2$-FM) and enzyme treated FM diet (Enzyme-FM). Treated diets were supplemented with FM or FM digests at the level of 5 % to the control diet. During the stater period, weight gain of chicks fed FM+Pyridox was significantly higher(P<0.05) than those of the other FM or FM digest treatments but was not different from the control. Weight gam of overall period were not significantly different among treatments. Feed intake of the control was greater than that of FM or FM digest treatments. Feed conversion ratio(feed intake/gain) of chicks fed FM and H$_2$O$_2$-FM were significantly higher than those of Enzyme-FM and FM+Pyridox, but were not significantly different from the control. Taurine contents of leg and breast mucle were significantly (P<0.01) different among treatments but those of liver were not significantly different. Taurine content of FM+Pyridox was highest in both leg and breast muscle. It was 85 % higher in leg muscle and 15 % higher in breast muscle than that of the control. Sensory evaluation data showed significant but not consistant responses in various parameters. FM + Pyridox treatment showed highest score in aroma of raw leg muscle of male and in juiciness and tenderness of broiled breast muscle of male chickens. Control group showed highest color score in raw leg muscle of female and lowest overall acceptability score in broiled breast and leg muscle of male chicken. It is concluded that taurine can be enriched especially in broiler leg meat by 5 % FM diet supplemented with pyridoxine.

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우모 digest에 의한 taurine 강화 계육 생산

  • 이승민;임희석;백인기
    • 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국가금학회 2003년도 제20차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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    • pp.77-79
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    • 2003
  • The effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal digests(FM) and its digests on the growth of broiler chicks and taurine content in the broiler meat were examined. Total of 100 broiler chickens were assigned to five dietary treatments: T1; Control, T2; feather meal(FM) 5 % diet, T3; NaOH treated FM 5% diet, T4; HNO$_3$treated FM 5 % diet and T5; synthetic taurine 0.5 % supplemented diet. Taurine content of leg muscle was significantly(P<0.01) increased by treatments. The highest increase over the control was shown by 0.5 % taurine diet(170 %), followed by FM diet(123 %), NaOH treated FM diet(122 %) and HNO$_3$treated FM diet(63 %). Taurine content of breast muscle was increased by 246 % in 0.5 % taurine diet but FM diets were not significantly different from the control. Taurine content of heart muscle was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. There were big differences in the average taurine content of the parts or organ of the control birds; 778 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g leg muscle, 79 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g breast muscle and 1482 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g heart muscle. It was concluded that taurine content of leg muscle of broiler can be increased by supplementation of feather meal. Alkaline or acid treatment FM was not effective in improving taurine enrichment of the broiler meat.

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