• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2022

Objective: This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of pasture (PA) feeding on buffalo meat quality compared with buffaloes reared intensively with the use of corn silage as a forage base or alternatively with polyphite meadow hay (PH). Methods: Thirty Mediterranean bull buffaloes were distributed into three experimental diet groups: maize silage (MS), PH, and PA. The animals were slaughtered at a live weight of 250 kg, and carcass and meat quality were evaluated. After 7 days of ageing, physical and chemical parameters of longissimus thoracis muscle were determined. To evaluate lipid oxidation the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was tested at 7 and 14 days, and also the fatty acid profile was recorded by gas chromatography. Results: The PA group, even if it showed carcass parameters lower than those of the silage maize group, reported a good meat percentage (60.59% vs 58.46%, respectively) and lower fat percentage (p<0.001). PA-fed animals showed meat redness, and even if only on raw meat, shear force was higher than the others. Low values of conjugate linoleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and n-3 were reported in the silage maize group. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly showed the influence of different diets on meat quality, and PCA1 and PCA2 explained 82% of the variability. Conclusion: Buffaloes reared on PA had meat with high nutritional value even if they showed poor carcass performance compared to the animals fed on MS. Buffaloes fed on polyphite hay were in an intermediate position, similar to grazing animals, according to the same nutritional determinations.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 2023

Invasive predators are one of the most damaging species groups to biodiversity. In the Nakdong River, the lake skygazer Chanodichthys erythropterus is a dominant species that is fiercely carnivorous and a concern for commercial fish. Although it is important to understand the ecological characteristics related to the feeding habit, studies on the diets of lake skygazer in Nakdong River have been limited to studies of gut contents. In this study, the trophic position (TP) and feeding habits of C. erythropterus were studied by calculating TPs using samples collected from 13 sites throughout the Nakdong River. Compound-specific isotopic analysis of amino acids provided reliable TPs from the muscle of Lake skygazer C. erythropterus without any isotope baseline. The results were approximately 3 to 3.6 and suggesting a carnivorous but size-dependent prey variation. In particular, the TP variability of C. erythropterus observed in the Nakdong River showed that it had a selective feeding habit compared to carnivorous fish species of relatively similar trophic levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1153-1153
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• 2001

Directive 79/373/EEC on the marketing of compound feeding stuffs, provided far a flexible declaration arrangement confined to the indication of the feed materials without stating their quantity and the possibility was retained to declare categories of feed materials instead of declaring the feed materials themselves. However, the BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) and the dioxin crisis have demonstrated the inadequacy of the current provisions and the need of detailed qualitative and quantitative information. On 10 January 2000 the Commission submitted to the Council a proposal for a Directive related to the marketing of compound feeding stuffs and the Council adopted a Common Position (EC N$^{\circ}$/2001) published at the Official Journal of the European Communities of 2. 2. 2001. According to the EC (EC N$^{\circ}$ 6/2001) the feeds material contained in compound feeding stufs intended for animals other than pets must be declared according to their percentage by weight, by descending order of weight and within the following brackets (I :< 30%; II :> 15 to 30%; III :> 5 to 15%; IV : 2% to 5%; V: < 2%). For practical reasons, it shall be allowed that the declarations of feed materials included in the compound feeding stuffs are provided on an ad hoc label or accompanying document. However, documents alone will not be sufficient to restore public confidence on the animal feed industry. The objective of the present work is to obtain calibration equations fur the instanteneous and simultaneous prediction of the chemical composition and the percentage of ingredients of unground compound feeding stuffs. A total of 287 samples of unground compound feeds marketed in Spain were scanned in a FOSS-NIR Systems 6500 monochromator using a rectangular cup with a quartz window (16 $\times$ 3.5 cm). Calibration equations were obtained for the prediction of moisture ($R^2$= 0.84, SECV = 0.54), crude protein ($R^2$= 0.96, SECV = 0.75), fat ($R^2$= 0.86, SECV = 0.54), crude fiber ($R^2$= 0.97, SECV = 0.63) and ashes ($R^2$= 0.86, SECV = 0.83). The sane set of spectroscopic data was used to predict the ingredient composition of the compound feeds. The preliminary results show that NIRS has an excellent ability ($r^2$$\geq$ 0, 9; RPD $\geq$ 3) for the prediction of the percentage of inclusion of alfalfa, sunflower meal, gluten meal, sugar beet pulp, palm meal, poultry meal, total meat meal (meat and bone meal and poultry meal) and whey. Other equations with a good predictive performance ($R^2$$\geq$0, 7; 2$\leq$RPD$\leq$3) were the obtained for the prediction of soya bean meal, corn, molasses, animal fat and lupin meal. The equations obtained for the prediction of other constituents (barley, bran, rice, manioc, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, ammonium clorure and salt have an accuracy enough to fulfill the requirements layed down by the Common Position (EC Nº 6/2001). NIRS technology should be considered as an essential tool in food Safety Programs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.941-946
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• 2008

Single-minded 1 gene (SIM1) is a homolog of Drosophila SIM1 gene which plays a key role in the midline cell lineage of the central nervous system and is implicated in the regulation of feeding behavior and obesity in the human and mouse. In this study, porcine SIM1 gene was firstly mapped to chromosome 1p13 using radiation hybrid (RH) mapping and two polymorphisms were detected at position 607 (A/G) in SIM1 intron7 and position 780 (C/T) in SIM1 exon8. The last substitution was genotyped in a 364 F2 animal-population and an association analysis of these genotypes was performed with growth, carcass and meat quality traits by the statistical animal model. The results showed the significant influence of the SIM1 genotype on growth (p<0.05): live weight at birth, later period of growth and average daily gain; and effects on carcass composition (p<0.05): weight of head and buck kneed foreleg, backfat depth, loin eye area, carcass leaf fat and ham fat weights; and traits related to intramuscular fat content (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.85-92
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• 2003

In this paper, a multiple U-shaped slot antenna on 5㎓ band is designed, fabricated, and measured. The prototype consists of a U-shaped slot and two Invert U-shaped slot. To obtain wide bandwidth, the foam layer is inserted between ground plane and substrate. After various parameters, length, width, position of U-shaped slot horizontal, interval length between two invert U-shaped slot, feeding position and airgap width, optimized, a multiple U-shaped slot antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results of the antenna are compared with its simulated results. A 2:1 VSWR impedance bandwidth of 20.4% is achiedved by employing this technique. The gain is about 5.5㏈i. The experimental far-field patterns are stable across the pass band.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.235-241
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• 2011

To examine variation in trophic pathways and the characteristics of food webs from organic matters to aquatic insects, we used stable isotopes to study an intermittent stream system of the Inukami River, Japan. The aquatic insects, including Glossosoma spp., Chironominae spp., Stenelmis spp., Rhyacophilla nigrocephala, and Hexatoma spp., were characterized by different feeding strategies. The ${\delta}^{13}C$ values for these species indicated that Glossosoma spp. graze upon periphyton; Chironominae and Stenelmis spp. mainly feed on benthic particulate organic matter, and R. nigrocephala and Hexatoma spp., which were identified as predators, feed upon Glossosoma, Stenelmis, and/or Chironominae spp. This suggests that the trophic position of consumers at each station may be determined by the trophic position of basal food sources in situ. For trophic pathways, the ${\delta}^{13}C$ values for both organic matter and aquatic insects tended to gradually decrease, whilst the ${\delta}^{15}N$ values increased from the upper reach to the lower reaches, relative to the physicochemical and geographical conditions. These parameters indirectly influence the flow of energy from organic matter to consumers within food web in an intermittent stream system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.521-531
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• 2001

This paper presents the extraction scheme of the scattered waves by a target above the ground using the buried antenna in a lossy and dispersive medium. The half wave dipole antennas are used to transmit and to receive a signal. The transmission line model as a feeding model is considered to take into account the effect of transmission line in a real system. The ground is modeled by the 2nd order Debye approximation with the dispersion and loss. PLRC algorithm and DPML as absorbing boundary condition are utilized to apply the 2nd order Debye approximation to FDTD. To extract the scattered wave, in addition, we employed the delay time extraction algorithm. The simulations are conducted to observe the variation of magnitude in scattered wave and detection of target position according to the change of moisture content of the lossy medium.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.236-244
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed flexible T-DMB dipole-shaped antenna that has strength of glass antenna and also has portability and ease of production. The input impedance of antenna according to vehicle body-effect was considered in order to install the antenna on the top of the front window. Installation position of on-glass antennas are changeable defends on driver, so we proposed Interdigital capacitor in feeding point to achieve matching characteristic with no position limit. The measurement result showed good return loss characteristic-below -6 dB in the T-DMB frequency band and maintained fixed resonant frequency.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1980

Since the first dietitian was produced in Korean about 15 years ago the Korena Dietetic Association has grown up to have its 8,500 members as of March, 1979. This study was undertaken to survey the status of hospital dietitians and their bob analysis. current practices were learned and the problems identified mainly in such aspects as : 1. Do the hospitals have enough dietitians? 2.What is the administrative position of the dietetics in the hospital? 3. What is the salary level of the dietitians? 4. How professional are the dietitian's daily tasks? How appropriately are the jobs distributed among the dietary employees? and 5. Do the hospital dietetics have their own diet manuals to go by? The findings are : 1. The severly lacking number of dietitians are employed by the hospitals where one dietitian is responsible for the feeding and nutrition education of 171 in-patients on the average. 2. The administrative position of hospital dietetics appears to be low showing administrative position of hospital dietetics appears to be low showing only 45.7% of the sample hospitals recognize their dietetics as the independent department or section. 3. The starting salary of the 4-year college graduate dietitians is 151,450 won which is 89.23-87.26% of the average starting salary for the 4-year college graduates I 1979. The starting salary for the 4-year college graduates in 1979. the starting salary of the 2-year college graduate dietitians is 148,000 won which is 113.9% of the average standard salary for the 2-year college graduates in 1979. 4. The hospital dietitians spend most of their time doing clerical jobs rather than the jobs utilizing higher priority professional skills they ought to perform. the most obvious cause of the problem can be found in the lack of man power for the general clerical jobs in the dietetics which can be proven from the small number of dietary clerks hired by the sample hospitals not even one person (0.45) per hospital on the average. 5. 68.6% of the sample dietetics have some form of compiled diet manuals or guidelines. 11.4% of the samples have diet guide lines ready for the important diets only. 14.3% of the samples do not have any form of diet guideline prepared. 5.7% of the samples use reference diet manuals from other hospitals when need.

• Clean Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 1999

The experimental set-up with a 1m long ceramic candle filter of Schumacher(Germany) was built in this work. The dust velocity field around the filter was measured using PDPA. The effects of dust cake layer and dust inlet position on the dust velocity field were also analyzed. It was found that the filtration velocity decreases as the dust cake builds up on the filter. The filtration velocity largely decreases around the filters near the dust inlet since the dust cake develops fast there. The average dust velocity on the filter due to the pressure difference through the filter was measured to be 0.28m/s. More uniform dust velocity field around the filter was obtained when feeding dust in a lower position of the pressure vessel.