• Title/Summary/Keyword: FDM 3D Printer

Search Result 82, Processing Time 0.033 seconds

A Fundamental Study on the Fabrication of Human Model Bone Phantom using an Entry-Level 3D Printer: using FDM Method for the Femur Model (보급형 3D 프린터를 이용한 인체 모형 뼈 팬텀 제작의 기초연구: Femur 대상으로 적층형 출력 방식 이용)

  • Namkung, Eun-Jae;Kim, Do-Hee;Kim, So-Hui;Park, Se-Eun;Jung, Dabin;Park, Sang-Hyub;Heo, Yeong-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.14 no.5
    • /
    • pp.651-660
    • /
    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study was to create a phantom with a HU value similar to that of the human Femur using a 3D printer to replace the existing pig bone. A total of 372 people were analyzed to determine the HU value of human Femur. Using a 3D printer, a human bone model phantom was fabricated using PLA-Cu 20% and subjected to CT examination. Pig bones were 6 months old pigs, and bones 2 days after slaughter were used. As a result of the examination, the 3D printing phantom made with 80% of the internal filling showed a similar value to all data of the human body (p<0.05), and there was a difference from the pig bone (p>0.05). In addition, in the case of the HU value of Femur by age group, it was confirmed that the value of HU decreased as the age group increased (p<0.05). 3D printing and HU values confirmed a weak negative correlation with respect to the stacking height, but confirmed a strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.996) with 182.13±1.290 in the inner filling (p<0.05). In conclusion, it was confirmed that the human body model phantom using 3D printing can exhibit a similar level of HU value to the human body compared to the existing pig bone phantom, and this study will provide basic data for the production of a human body model phantom using a 3D printer.

Studies on the Width of Rectangular Channels of Fuel Cell Bipolar Plate Using FDM 3D Printer with PLA Filament

  • Kim, Jae-Hyun;Jin, Chul-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
    • /
    • v.24 no.6_1
    • /
    • pp.683-691
    • /
    • 2021
  • Bipolar plates with channel width of 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, and 0.3 mm respectively were printed using a 3D printer. The shape of three b ipolar plates was rectangular, the channel depth was 0.5 mm, and the thickness of base was 0.5 mm. The bipolar plate with channel width of 0.5 mm had 45 channels, and their active area was 44.5 mm × 50 mm. The bipolar plate with channel width of 0.4 mm had 57 channels and its active area was 45.2 mm × 50 mm, and the bipolar plate with channel width of 0.3 mm had 75 channels and its active area was 44.7 mm × 50 mm. The bipolar plates were printed using PLA filament. The cross-sectional lengths of the bipolar plates with channel widths of 0.5 mm and 0.4 mm were identical by 96% of the designed cross-sectional length. Whereas the bipolar plate with a channel length of 0.3 mm had a large difference of 25% from the designed cross-sectional length.

A Comparative Analysis of the Classification System for Three-Dimensional Concrete Printers (3D 콘크리트 프린터 분류체계 비교연구)

  • Chung, Jihoon;Lee, Ghang;Kim, Jung-Hoon;Choi, Jaejin
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
    • /
    • v.21 no.2
    • /
    • pp.3-14
    • /
    • 2020
  • This study reviews and comparatively analyzes existing classification systems for 3D concrete printers to propose a classification system for 3D concrete printers. Several classifications for existing 3D printers have been proposed and used in the market. Nevertheless, quite a few of the printer types such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) and selective laser melting (SLM) are not suitable for characterizing 3D concrete printers. To derive the properties that distinguish one 3D concrete printer type from the others, this study reviews existing 3D concrete printers and comparatively analyzes the properties of 3D concrete printers identified in previous studies. The results show that existing classifications do not reflect the states-of-the-art of 3D concrete printers, the classification terms are ambiguous, and the entire printing processes are not considered. A new classification system was proposed based on the essential properties of the 3D concrete printers identified through the analysis of related work. The result of this study can be used as a basis for classifying commercial 3D concrete printers as well as studies related to 3D concrete printers.

Comparison of Hounsfield Units by Changing in Size of Physical Area and Setting Size o f Region o f Interest b y Using the CT Phantom Made with a 3D Printer (3D 프린터로 제작된 CT 팬톰을 이용한 물리적 관심영역과 설정 관심영역의 크기에 따른 하운스필드의 비교)

  • Seoung, Youl-Hun
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
    • /
    • v.38 no.4
    • /
    • pp.421-427
    • /
    • 2015
  • In this study, we have observed the change of the Hounsfield (HU) in the alteration of by changing in size of physical area and setting size of region of interest (ROI) at focus on kVp and mAs. Four-channel multi-detector computed tomography was used to get transverse axial scanning images and HU. Three dimensional printer which is type of fused deposition modeling (FDM) was used to produce the Phantom. The structure of the phantom was designed to be a type of cylinder that contains 33 mm, 24 mm, 19 mm, 16 mm, 9 mm size of circle holes that are symmetrically located. It was charged with mixing iodine contrast agent and distilled water in the holes. The images were gained with changing by 90 kVp, 120 kVp, 140 kVp and 50 mAs, 100 mAs, 150 mAs, respectively. The 'image J' was used to get the HU measurement of gained images of ROI. As a result, it was confirmed that kVp affects to HU more than mAs. And it is suggested that the smaller size of physical area, the more decreasing HU even in material of a uniform density and the smaller setting size of ROI, the more increasing HU. Therefore, it is reason that to set maximum ROI within 5 HU is the best way to minimize in the alteration of by changing in size of physical area and setting size of region of interest.

Assessment of Radiation Shielding Ability of Printing Materials Using 3D Printing Technology: FDM 3D Printing Technology (3D 프린팅 기술을 이용한 원료에 대한 방사선 차폐능 평가: FDM 방식의 3D 프린팅 기술을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Hongyeon;Kim, Donghyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.12 no.7
    • /
    • pp.909-917
    • /
    • 2018
  • 3D printing technology is expected to be an innovative technology of the manufacturing industry during the 4th industrial revolution, and it is being used in various fields including biotechnology and medical field. In this study, we verified the printing materials through Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the radiation shielding ability of the raw material using this 3D printing technology. In this paper, the printing materials were selected from the raw materials available in a general-purpose FDM-based 3D printer. Simulation of the ICRU phantom and the shielding system was carried out to evaluate the shielding effect by evaluating the particle fluence according to the type and energy of radiation. As a result, the shielding effect tended to decrease gradually with increasing energy in the case of photon beam, and the shielding effect of TPU, PLA, PVA, Nylon and ABS gradually decreased in order of materials. In the case of the neutron beam, the neutron intensity increases at a low thickness of 5 ~ 10 mm. However, the effective shielding effect is shown above a certain thickness. The shielding effect of printing material is gradually increased in the order of Nylon, PVA, ABS, PLA and TPU Respectively.

The Usability Assessment of Self-developed Phantom for Evaluating Automatic Exposure Control System Using Three-Dimensions Printing (자동노출제어장치 평가를 위한 3D 프린팅 기반의 자체 제작 팬텀의 유용성 평가)

  • Lee, Ki-Baek;Nam, Ki-Chang;Kim, Ho-Chul
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.41 no.4
    • /
    • pp.147-153
    • /
    • 2020
  • This study was to evaluate the usability of self-developed phantom for evaluating automatic exposure control (AEC) using three-dimensions (3D) printer. 3D printer of fused deposition modeling (FDM) type was utilized to make the self-developed AEC phantom and image acquisitions were conducted by two different type of scanners. The self-developed AEC phantom consisted of four different size of portions. As a result, two types of phantom (pyramid and pentagon shape) were created according to the combination of the layers. For evaluating the radiation dose with the two types of phantom, the values of tube current, computed tomography dose index volume (CTDIvol), and dose length product (DLP) were compared. As a result, it was confirmed that the values of tube current were properly reflected according to the thickness, and the CTDIvol and DLP were not significantly changed regardless of AEC functions of different scanners. In conclusion, the self-developed phantom by using 3D printer could assess whether the AEC function works well. So, we confirmed the possibility that a self-made phantom could replace the commercially expensive AEC performance evaluation phantom.

A Study on Problem Solving of 3D Printing Production of Scaffold Using ADRIGE TRIZ Algorithm and DOE (ADRIGE 트리즈 알고리즘과 실험계획법을 이용한 인공지지체 3D프린팅의 제작문제 해결에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Song-Yeon;Huh, Yong Jeong
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.92-97
    • /
    • 2019
  • In this paper, we investigated the problems and solutions in the production of scaffolds using commercially available FDM 3D printers. We used ADRIGE TRIZ algorithm to systematically analyze the problems and suggest solutions. We printed scaffolds using suggested solutions. We measured the pore size and printing time of the scaffolds. We have confirmed that the printing precision is greater than 99% and the printing time is decreased by half. The suggested solutions proved its validity through experiments and showed satisfactory results.

Study on 3D Printer Suitable for Character Merchandise Production Training (캐릭터 상품 제작 교육에 적합한 3D프린터 연구)

  • Kwon, Dong-Hyun
    • Cartoon and Animation Studies
    • /
    • s.41
    • /
    • pp.455-486
    • /
    • 2015
  • The 3D printing technology, which started from the patent registration in 1986, was a technology that did not attract attention other than from some companies, due to the lack of awareness at the time. However, today, as expiring patents are appearing after the passage of 20 years, the price of 3D printers have decreased to the level of allowing purchase by individuals and the technology is attracting attention from industries, in addition to the general public, such as by naturally accepting 3D and to share 3D data, based on the generalization of online information exchange and improvement of computer performance. The production capability of 3D printers, which is based on digital data enabling digital transmission and revision and supplementation or production manufacturing not requiring molding, may provide a groundbreaking change to the process of manufacturing, and may attain the same effect in the character merchandise sector. Using a 3D printer is becoming a necessity in various figure merchandise productions which are in the forefront of the kidult culture that is recently gaining attention, and when predicting the demand by the industrial sites related to such character merchandise and when considering the more inexpensive price due to the expiration of patents and sharing of technology, expanding opportunities and sectors of employment and cultivating manpower that are able to engage in further creative work seems as a must, by introducing education courses cultivating manpower that can utilize 3D printers at the education field. However, there are limits in the information that can be obtained when seeking to introduce 3D printers in school education. Because the press or information media only mentions general information, such as the growth of the industrial size or prosperous future value of 3D printers, the research level of the academic world also remains at the level of organizing contents in an introductory level, such as by analyzing data on industrial size, analyzing the applicable scope in the industry, or introducing the printing technology. Such lack of information gives rise to problems at the education site. There would be no choice but to incur temporal and opportunity expenses, since the technology would only be able to be used after going through trials and errors, by first introducing the technology without examining the actual information, such as through comparing the strengths and weaknesses. In particular, if an expensive equipment introduced does not suit the features of school education, the loss costs would be significant. This research targeted general users without a technology-related basis, instead of specialists. By comparing the strengths and weaknesses and analyzing the problems and matters requiring notice upon use, pursuant to the representative technologies, instead of merely introducing the 3D printer technology as had been done previously, this research sought to explain the types of features that a 3D printer should have, in particular, when required in education relating to the development of figure merchandise as an optional cultural contents at cartoon-related departments, and sought to provide information that can be of practical help when seeking to provide education using 3D printers in the future. In the main body, the technologies were explained by making a classification based on a new perspective, such as the buttress method, types of materials, two-dimensional printing method, and three-dimensional printing method. The reason for selecting such different classification method was to easily allow mutual comparison of the practical problems upon use. In conclusion, the most suitable 3D printer was selected as the printer in the FDM method, which is comparatively cheap and requires low repair and maintenance cost and low materials expenses, although rather insufficient in the quality of outputs, and a recommendation was made, in addition, to select an entity that is supportive in providing technical support.

Development of 3D Printed Bags Using Roll-Type Printing Method (롤(roll) 형태의 출력방식을 활용하는 3D 프린팅 가방 개발)

  • Lee, Jiwon;Chun, Jaehoon
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
    • /
    • v.24 no.5
    • /
    • pp.505-518
    • /
    • 2022
  • 3D printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing(AM), has not been actively used in the clothing industry despite its potential for economic, environmental, and labor efficiency. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new 3D printing method for the clothing industry, which will be more readily accessible. This roll-type printing method can print wide-sized patterns at once using a 3D modeling program and a FDM 3D printer and help overcome the limitations imposed by the size of the printer. Then, to demonstrate the practical application cases of this printing method, bags of three designs were developed. Prior to product development, a thickness test was performed for stable printing using TPU(Thermoplastic Poly Urethane) filament, and a thickness of 0.45 mm was found to be most suitable for it. Next, the time efficiency test showed that the roll-type printing method takes less time compared to the general printing method in printing wide-sized patterns. Based on these tests, three bags, , and , were developed to confirm the suitability of the roll-type printing method for product development. The advantages of 3D roll-type printing can lie in overcoming of the spatial limitation, and the environmental sustainability as it can reduce waste from the production process. This study is significant in that it presents a new 3D printing method to improve the space limitations and time inefficiency of 3D printers.

A Study on Prediction Model Performance of Scaffold Pore Size Using Machine Learning Regression Method (머신 러닝 회귀 방안을 이용한 인공지지체 기공 크기 예측모델 성능에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Song-Yeon;Huh, Yong Jeong
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.36-41
    • /
    • 2020
  • In this paper, We need to change all print factors when which print scaffold with 400 ㎛ pore using FDM 3d printer. Therefore the print quantity is 10 billion times, So we are difficult to print on workplace. To solve the problem, we used the prediction model based machine learning regression. We preprocessed and learned the securing print condition data, and we produced different kinds of prediction models. We predicted the pore size of scaffolds not securing with new print condition data using prediction models. We have derived the print conditions that satisfy the pore size of 400 ㎛ among the predicted print conditions of pore size. We printed the scaffolds 5 times on the condition. We measured the pore size of the printed scaffold and compared the average pore size with the predicted pore size. We confirmed that error was less than 1%, and we were identify the model with the highest pore size prediction performance of scaffold.