• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.93-96
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on the face, and especially on the ear and scalp as a solitary cystic mass. It is derived from the sweat glands of Moll and results from the obstruction of excretory ducts with the retention of fluid. In the eyelid, it is usually seen as small and firm vesicle arising at the eyelid margin. If it rarely occurs on the orbit, it develops from orbital ectopic epithelial cells predetermined to form glands of Moll. We experienced a case of sudoriferous cyst on eyelid which was adhered to levator aponeurosis and it disappeared when patient closed eyes. Methods: A 55-year-old women suffered palpable mass on left upper eyelid without pain that had been present for 25 years. Orbital computed tomographic finding showed a oval mass($2.1{\times}0.6{\times}0.6cm$ size) inside upper eyelid and it invaded the orbit. The mass was completely excised under general anesthesia and histopathological examination was followed. Results: Cystic mass was purple color and it was located in superiorly to tarsal plate. The mass was adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpabrae superioris muscle between the fat layer of post-orbital septum and the Whitnall ligament. The mass was completely excised without injury of aponeurosis and muscle. Microscopically, the lesion was a solitary cyst lined by two layers of cuboidal epithelial cells and innermost cells displaying eosinophilic cytoplasm with apical expansions. Conclusion: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on eyelid margin. But in this case, cystic mass occurred on upper eyelid and disappeared when patient closed the eyes because it was partially adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Therefore, if sudoriferous cyst occurs on eyelid, it is necessary to excised the mass carefully.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.292-294
• /
• 2020

A 14-year-old castrated male Persian cat presented with epiphora, blepharospasm, brownish ocular discharge, corneal neovascularization, and corneal opacity in the left eye. Medial lower eyelid entropion was diagnosed through an ophthalmic examination. Since the cat was old and suffered from chronic kidney disease, we decided to perform a hyaluronic acid (HA) subdermal filler injection without general anesthesia rather than surgical correction. After topical anesthesia by lidocaine jelly and disinfection, HA filler was injected into the medial lower eyelid under minimal physical restraint. At the last follow-up 139 days later, lower eyelid entropion was not observed and related clinical signs disappeared. Therefore, HA subdermal filler can be an effective intervention for the treatment of entropion in cats.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.61 no.4
• /
• pp.31.1-31.4
• /
• 2021

A 15-year-old Schnauzer, showing right exophthalmos, was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma originated from the third eyelid gland. On computed tomography, a normal right third eyelid gland was not observed. Instead, a heterogeneous cystic mass invaded the retrobulbar space and displaced the eye globe dorsolaterally. In addition, lysis of the bony nasolacrimal duct was found, which was considered the tumor invasion. These findings indicated that third eyelid gland adenocarcinoma should be considered when a retrobulbar mass is found ventromedial to the globe without observation of the normal third eyelid and accompanies osteolysis of the bony nasolacrimal duct in dogs showing exophthalmos.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.3-9
• /
• 2019

Facial nerve palsy has an effect on a person's well-being functionally and psychologically. Therefore, comprehensive patient management is essential. One of the most common uncomfortable and potentially debilitating features is associated with the incapacity for eye closure. Restoration of eye closure is a key consideration during the surgical management of facial palsy. In this article, we introduce simple surgical methods-which are relatively easy to learn and involve the upper and lower eyelids-for achieving eye closure. Correcting upper eyelid function involves facilitating the component of eye closure that is in the same direction as gravity and is, therefore, less complicated and favorable outcomes than correction of lower lid. Aesthetic aspects should be considered to correct the asymmetry caused by facial palsy. Lower eyelid function involves a force that opposes gravity for eye closure, which makes correction of lower eyelid ectropion more challenging than surgery for the upper eyelid, particularly in terms of effecting a sustained correction. Initially, proper ophthalmic evaluation is required, including identifying the chronicity and severity of ectropion. Also, it is important to determine whether or not lateral canthoplasty is necessary. The lateral tarsal strip procedure is commonly used for lower lid correction. However, effective lower lid correction can be achieved with better cosmesis when extensive supporting techniques are applied, including those involving cheek tissue.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 2021

Three dogs (a 30-month-old spayed female English bulldog; a 12-month-old castrated male English bulldog; a 19-month-old castrated male Shar-pei dog) were presented to the Dana Animal Hospital Eye Center with clinical signs of blepharospasm, epiphora, and ocular discharge (serous to mucopurulent) in one or both eyes. Through ophthalmic examination, the dogs (5 eyes) were diagnosed with trichiasis caused by upper and lower eyelid entropion, including the lateral canthus. To correct upper and lower eyelid entropion, modification using a combination of the Stades forced granulation method for upper eyelid entropion and Hotz-Celsus procedure for lower eyelid entropion was performed in all cases. At the last follow-up, mean 274 days after surgery, clinical signs disappeared and no recurrences of entropion were observed in any of the 3 dogs (5 eyes). Therefore, the combination of the Stades forced granulation method and Hotz-Celsus procedure may be an effective treatment for trichiasis caused by upper and lower eyelid entropion in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.121-125
• /
• 2022

A 1-year-old neutered male Maltese dog was presented with a mass on the upper eyelid of the left eye (OS). A pinkish and alopecic mass was located in the nasal portion of the upper eyelid of OS. The mass was firmly attached to the eyelid and round-shaped with a diameter of 11 mm. Any spread to conjunctiva was not identified. On a cytological examination, cutaneous histiocytoma was confirmed, with the presence of small lymphocytes indicating later regression stage. The patient received no treatment and complete regression of the mass was verified 2 months later. The cytological examination was helpful for the diagnosis and staging of cutaneous histiocytoma. Canine eyelid histiocytoma can regress spontaneously, and thus medical or surgical treatment for removal should be considered carefully.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.576-583
• /
• 2014

Background Standard upper blepharoplasty involves removal of both the skin and a portion of the underlying orbicularis oculi muscle. The senior author had observed sluggishness of eyelid closure, lagophthalmos as well as varying degrees of eye irritation in certain patients during the early postoperative period. He postulated that these findings could be due to orbicularis muscle excision. He therefore undertook a prospective study 27 years ago comparing standard blepharoplasty on one eyelid to skin-only excision on the fellow eyelid. Methods A randomized, prospective, single-blinded study was designed using the fellow eye as an internal control. 22 patients undergoing upper blepharoplasty procedure requiring greater than 5 mm of skin resection and with no history of ophthalmologic disease, dry eye, or previous eyelid surgery were selected. Upper blepharoplasty was performed with skin-only removal on one side, and combined skin-muscle removal on the other side. Patients were evaluated until six months after surgery except for two patients who were lost to follow-up after three months. Sluggish eyelid closure, lagophthalmos, dry eye and aesthetic result were outcome measures scored by patient survey, the operating surgeon, and a blinded expert panel. Results There were comparable aesthetic outcomes in both eyelids. The incidence of sluggish eyelid closure, lagophthalmos and dry eye syndrome were significantly higher in eyelids where wide segments of muscle had been resected. Conclusions Muscle-sparing upper blepharoplasty produces similar aesthetic outcomes as conventional blepharoplasty, while significantly reducing the complications of sluggish eyelid closure, lagophthalmos and dry eye disease. The authors therefore recommend muscle-sparing upper blepharoplasty.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.63-67
• /
• 2016

Background: The subciliary approach is commonly used for reconstruction of orbital wall or zygomaticomaxillary fractures. However, this approach is associated with postoperative complications, especially lower eyelid malposition. We report the experience of managing postoperative lower eyelid malposition with triamcinolone acetonide. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all traumatic facial fractures requiring surgery via the subciliary approach at Chosun University Hospital in 2014. For each patient meeting inclusion criteria, the medical chart was reviewed for demographic information and postoperative course, including the presence of postoperative eyelid malposition or scleral show. Results: The review identified 189 cases in which the subciliary approach was used, and postoperative lower eyelid malposition was found in 7 cases (3.7%). For these 7 patients, the mean therapeutic period (interval to correction of the malposition) was 10.5 weeks (range, 8 to 14 weeks). On average, patients received 3 injections of triamcinolone. In all cases, degrees of the malposition were improved, and none of the patients required an operative intervention to correct the malposition. Conclusion: Triamcinolone injection is an appropriate treatment modality for lower eyelid malposition after subciliary approach. Treatment duration is relatively short, requiring fewer than 4 outpatient clinic visits, with relatively earlier recovery compared to conservative "wait-and-see" management.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.222-228
• /
• 2018

Background The most common surgical treatment for paralytic lagophthalmos is the placement of a weight implant in the upper eyelid; however, this technique confers the risks of implant visibility, implant extrusion, and entropion. In this study, we present a new technique of placing platinum weight implants between the levator aponeurosis and inner septum to decrease such complications. Methods A total of 37 patients with paralytic lagophthalmos were treated between March 2014 and January 2017 with platinum weight placement (mean follow-up, 520.1 days). After dissecting through the orbicularis oculi muscle, the tarsal plate and levator aponeurosis were exposed. The platinum weights (1.0-1.4 g) were fixed to the upper margin of the tarsal plate and placed underneath the orbital septum. Results Five patients could partially close their eye after surgery. The average distance between the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid when the eyes were closed was 1.12 mm. The rest of the patients were able to close their eye completely. Three patients patient developed allergic conjunctivitis after platinum weight insertion, which was managed with medication. None of the patients complained of discomfort in the upper eyelid after surgery. Visibility or extrusion of the implant were observed in three patients. Conclusions Postseptal weight placement is a safe and reproducible method in both primary and secondary upper eyelid surgery for patients with paralytic lagophthalmos. It is a feasible method for preventing implant visibility, implant exposure, and entropion. Moreover, platinum is a better implant material than gold because of its smaller size and greater thinness.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.142-145
• /
• 2016

Gastric cancer is the most common cancer in Korean males and can easily spread to distant organs such as the liver, lungs, brain, or bones. However, skin metastasis, particularly of the eye, is rare. Metastatic eyelid cancer is extremely rare; metastases from internal organs have not been reported so far. We recently experienced a patient with metastatic eyelid cancer from adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A 62-year-old female was admitted with a right upper eyelid mass and foreign body sensation. She had a history of stomach cancer of 3 years. She was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for pathologic fracture. After receiving supportive care for 2 years, the mass appeared on her right pupil. Punch-biopsy of the mass was performed and histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma, the same as the initial histological result. We report this case with a review of related literature.