• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.106-109
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• 2004

In this project, we have developed the eye-safe LRF system of 1.54 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ wavelength using OPO. The maximum measured distance was 3.7km in outdoor experiment. We used Nd：YAG (1064nm) as a laser medium. It was applied BBO to construct the system. We also developed a time-counter for the range finder using a method of TOF (time of flight). The counter-clock used at the time counter was 320MHz making resolution within $\pm$1m. Start and stop signals were detected by two channel systems using PIN and APD. The LRF's repetition rate was 4 times per minute. The energy was measured to be over 9mJ. And, pulse-duration was 23ns. Resolution was $\pm$2m at the distance measurement using a target.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.124-125
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• 2005

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.30-39
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• 2012

In this paper, a safe driving assistance system is proposed by detecting the status of driver's doze based on face and eye detection. By the level of the fatigue, safe driving system alarms or set the seatbelt on vibration. To reduce the effect of backward light and too strong solar light which cause a decrease of face and eye detection rate and false fatigue detection, post processing techniques like image equalization are used. Haar transform and PCA are used for face detection. By using the statistic of the face and eye structural ratio of normal Koreans, we can reduce the eye candidate area in the face, which results in reduction of the computational load. We also propose a new eye status detection algorithm based on Hough transform and eye width-height ratio, which are used to detect eye's blinking status which decides doze level by measuring the blinking period. The system alarms and operates seatbelt on vibration through controller area network(CAN) when the driver's doze level is detected. In this paper, four algorithms are implemented and proposed algorithm is made based on the probability model and we achieves 84.88% of correct detection rate through indoor and in-car environment experiments. And also we achieves 69.81% of detection rate which is better result than that of other algorithms using IR camera.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.873-881
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• 2017

Prevention of drowsy driving is one of the important issues for safe driving. In this study, the algorithm for detection of drowsy driving has been developed. The algorithm was implemented by applying template matching and line profile, which detects eye blink. The accuracy of eye detection and blink detection was $97.45{\pm}3.67%$ and $98.50{\pm}0.92%$, which was resulted from the verification experiment that 21 subjects participated. Consequently, the algorithm is expected to be used to prevent sleep-deprived driving.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.423-439
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• 2022

The acute dermal and eye irritation tests of Photorhabdus temperata, a symbiotic bacterium of Heterorhabditis megidis Gwangju strain, were carried out in New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), following the guidelines of OECD and Rural Development Administration (RDA) of Korea. In both tests, neither dermal nor eye responses were found from all the P. temperata treated rabbits and the results were classified as non-irritating. That is, erythema, eschar, edema, and any other dermal critical signs were not observed from all the experimental rabbits in the dermal irritation test. In the acute eye irritation test, no clinical signs of cornea, iritis, conjunctiva (redness, edema, lacrima, and chemosis) were observed from all the experimental rabbits. Individual ocular irritation, mean ocular irritation, and acute ocular irritation were calculated as 0.0. The results of dermal and eye irritation studies on P. temperata indicated that this bacterium could be a safe and effective alternative bionematicide against the most serious plant-parasitic root-knot nematodes in the genus Meloidogyne.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.473-478
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• 2022

Background We investigate the effect of involutional blepharoptosis (IB) surgery based on dry eye symptoms by analysis using objective and subjective measures. Methods We recorded various parameters from patients that underwent levator advancement surgery for IB, totaling 125 eyes (total 65 patients, 5 unilateral, 60 bilateral). Subjective assessment comprised a questionnaire on dry eye-related quality of life score (DEQS), a summary score calculated from DEQS, and six-grade evaluation, the patient's own measure of eye comfort. Objective assessment comprised marginal-reflex distance-1 (MRD-1), measurement of tear film breakup time, and superficial keratopathy (SPK) existence by slit lamp microscope. Results Subjective assessments showed that IB patients had improvement of dry eye symptoms and eye comfort when surgery increased MRD-1. On the other hand, objective assessments showed that the presence of SPK is suspected when the postoperative MRD-1 level is 3 mm or higher. Conclusion IB surgery must not only increase MRD-1 value, but also to perform maintenance of the appropriate ocular surface condition. From our parameters, we suggest postoperative MRD-1 value should be maintained at < 3 mm to safe and effective of IB surgery.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 2012

Driver's view has blind spot of automobile surroundings due to physical components of automobile architecture. Obstacles on blind spot are the cause of car destruction and car accidents. Cars which produced in recent have obstacle detection sensors and rear view cameras which provide information of obstacles on the blind sopt, and have also AVM(Around View Monitoring) which provides automobile surroundings for driver's safe driving. During a low-speed travel while parking or moving in a narrow street, a driver get help for safe driving by taking information of automobile surroundings using the above-mentioned devices. In this paper, we present a design and implementation of a 4-sided monitoring (4SM) system, which helps a driver see an integrated view of a vehicle's perimeter at a glance, using a car PC connected to four cameras installed on the front, rear, left, and right sides.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.245-248
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• 2017

Saline groundwater was obtained from a 100-m deep basalt layer into which seawater had infiltrated. This groundwater is known to contain various minerals. Like deep seawater, saline groundwater is expected to have various applications due to the presence of biologically beneficial minerals. In Korea, saline groundwater is mainly obtained from the coastal area of Jeju. Before applying saline groundwater to various products, however, its biological safety needs to be examined. In the present study, skin and eye irritation tests were performed to assess the safety of saline groundwater according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration. When compared to control, Jeju saline groundwater showed no level of eye and skin irritation. These results suggest that Jeju saline groundwater induces no irritation, and is therefore sufficiently safe to be applied to the eye and skin of people.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.325-329
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• 2019

This study was designed to compare the effects of continuous release of an anti-glaucoma drug applied by an osmotic pump and by conventional eye drop instillation in normal beagle dogs, by measuring drug concentration in the blood and monitoring intra-ocular pressure (IOP). In group 1, an osmotic pump filled with Trusopt® was implanted subcutaneously over the right eye of each dog and the IOP was measured. In group 2, the right eye of each dog was administered with 2% dorzolamide (Trusopt®, Merck, USA) three times per day. Blood was sampled once per week in all groups. The IOP of the end of this study was 16.7 ± 0.58 mmHg in group 2 and 17.7 ± 2.52 mmHg in group 2. Dorzolamide concentration in blood increased continuously over 4 weeks up to 585.8 ± 79.42 ㎍/L in group 1, and 747.3 ± 27.89 ㎍/L in group 2. We achieved satisfactory results in the osmotic pump group, which had a similar effect on IOP, and low fluctuations in IOP. Therefore, the results of this study should allow osmotic pumps to be consider as an alternative method to eye drops for the effective, safe, and convenient treatment of glaucoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.133-133
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• 2003