• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2000

A 61-years old man with diabetes mellitus(DM) was admitted to our hospital, complaining of progressive right periorbital swelling, headache and toothache on the right lower second molar. On the first visit, moderate swelling was noticed from the right periorbital region with exophthalmos and subconjunctival effusion. Intraorally, right lower second molar had a severe periodontal disease and fistular formation on its distal area. From 3 days after hospitalization, the visual acuity of his right eye was gradually worsen and we performed CT scan. CT scan demonstrated an inflammatory change at the right orbit with subperiosteal abscess at the inferior orbital wall, which was extended from the right infratemporal, parapharyngeal and internal pterygoid space. Patient was treated by mean of intraoral(right upper vestibular and retromolar) and extraoral(infraorbital) incision and drainage, massive anti-therapy and DM control. The patient improved gradually and finally was discharged from the hospital, but his visual loss of right side was not recovered.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.563-566
• /
• 2010

Retrobulbar abscess is a rare, but severe complication of paranasal sinusitis. The clinical presentations are eyelid swelling, erythema, proptosis, conjunctival chemosis, restricted ocular movement, and decreased visual acuity. Diagnostic methods available for evaluating retrobulbar abscess include sinus X-ray, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and bacterial culture. For the treatment of retrobulbar abscess, immediate surgical drainage and systemic antibiotic therapy are needed. Proper diagnosis and treatments are necessary for preventing visual loss, cavernous sinus thrombosis, subdural abscess, and other lifethreatening complications. A patient, a 30-year-old man, was admitted to our hospital because of progressive eyelid swelling, erythema, ptosis and decreased visual acuity on the right eye after endodontic treatment. The sinusitis occurred secondary to the infection from an upper molar tooth. The spread of the infection led to the orbit via ethmoidal sinus and posterior orbital wall. Immediate surgical intervention was performed and systemic antibiotics was administrated. The symptoms and signs are improved after treatments, so we present our case with a brief review of the literature.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.213-217
• /
• 2010

Sarcocystis sp. infection was investigated in 20 necropsied captive wild mammals and 20 birds in 2 petting zoos in Malaysia. The gross post-mortem lesions in mammals showed marbling of the liver with uniform congestion of the intestine, and for birds, there was atrophy of the sternal muscles with hemorrhage and edema of the lungs in 2 birds. Naked eye examination was used for detection of macroscopic sarcocysts, and muscle squash for microscopic type. Only microscopically visible cysts were detected in 8 animals and species identification was not possible. Histological examination of the sections of infected skeletal muscles showed more than 5 sarcocysts in each specimen. No leukocytic infiltration was seen in affected organs. The shape of the cysts was elongated or Circular, and the mean size reached $254{\times}24.5{\mu}m$ and the thickness of the wall up to $2.5{\mu}m$. Two stages were recognized in the cysts, the peripheral metrocytes and large numbers of crescent shaped merozoites. Out of 40 animals examined, 3 mammals and 5 birds were positive (20%). The infection rate was 15% and 25% in mammals and birds, respectively. Regarding the organs, the infection rate was 50% in the skeletal muscles followed by tongue and heart (37.5%), diaphragm (25%), and esophagus (12.5%). Further ultrastructural studies are required to identify the species of Sarcocystis that infect captive wild animals and their possible role in zoonosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.29-31
• /
• 2000

A toxoplasmic uveitis case was reported on the focus of impairment of pathological findings and serological antibody titers after chemotherapy. A chief complaint of a 60-year-old male was a decreased and blurred vision in his right eye for 2 weeks after experiencing tremendous stress and fatigue. A steroid therapy for 3 weeks was not effective and the retinal lesion became necrotic. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody titer was checked to be a strong positive by both ELISA and indirect latex agglutination assay (lLA). He was treated with Fansidar F for 8 weeks. His vision improved as the necrotic lesion healed by scarring, but the antibody titers still remained very high without any signs of negative conversion. It is suggested to be a recurrent case of the past asymptomatic infection by presumed immune suppression caused by excessive stress.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.148-160
• /
• 2011

Thirty-one gross abnormalities that have been observed in tilapia are described: 10 fin, five eye, five jaw, four body shape, three head, two yolk sac, one operculum, and conjoined twins. Twenty-one have been described in published papers; the others were obtained from a survey. Breeding experiments revealed that three were heritable, while six were not heritable. Five could be caused by a bacterial infection, and one could be produced by a fungus. Four deformities were in offspring of males that had been injected with methyl methane sulphonate. Three were produced when sperm was treated with methyl methane sulphonate. Six were observed during sex reversal studies, and one was found following heat shock of fertilized eggs. Three were observed in polluted river water. The cause of other deformities is not known.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.82-89
• /
• 1995

The Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe form of erythema multiforme associated with multiple organ involvement that can result in severe mortality. There are many etiologic factors including drugs, infection, or stress ; but accurate pathogenesis is still obscure. Treatments are composed of the removal of possible etiologic factors, symptomatic and supportive treatment. We experienced a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with involvement of generalized skin, oral mucosa, and eye involvement. This patient was treated by symptomatic and preventive method including corticosteroid, antihystamine, and opthalmic treatment.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2010

Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) is a nonenveloped, single stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Picornavirudae. Transmission by direct contact such as hand-to-hand, hand-to-nose, and hand-to-eye has been readily demonstrated in experimental settings. HRV are the most frequent causes of common cold infection, however, they are also known to replicate in the lower respiratory tract and associated with more severe respiratory illnesses such as asthma. New technique such as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and molecular typing in HRV has been developed and our understanding of the importance of these respiratory viruses. HRVs consisted of 101 serotypes that are classified into groups A and B according to sequence variations. And there is a newly identified set of HRVs, called Group C, and it is currently under investigation. In recent study using PCR techniques, HRVs accounted for approximate 50-80% of common colds and 85 % of childhood asthma exacerbations and in more than half of adult exacerbations. However, the mechanisms of HRV- induced asthma exacerbations are poorly understood. This review discusses the association between HRVs and childhood asthma.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.346-350
• /
• 2015

Brown syndrome is known as limited elevation of the affected eye during adduction. It is caused by a disorder of the superior oblique tendon, which makes it difficult for the eyeball to look upward, especially during adduction. It is classified into congenital true sheath Brown syndrome and acquired simulated Brown syndrome. Acquired simulated Brown syndrome can be caused by trauma, infection, or inflammatory conditions. The surgical restoration of blowout fractures can also lead to limitations of ocular motility, including Brown syndrome. We report on three patients with acquired simulated Brown syndrome, who complained of diplopia and limitation of ocular motility after operations to treat blowout fractures.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.265-267
• /
• 2008

A case of periocular dirofilariasis has been diagnosed in Iran. A 27-yr old female referred with a history of edema and redness in the left eye since 2 wk ago. On slit lamp examination, a moving thread-like worm was seen in the subconjunctival area. Two days later, a 126 mm long, live filaria worm was extracted from the lower lid subcutaneous tissue. The worm was diagnosed as, likelihood, Dirofilaria immitis on microscopic examinations. The present case suggests that D. immitis can cause periocular infections.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.330-333
• /
• 2022

Korea's quarantine response to the novel coronavirus (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic is based on the sacrifice of health professionals, especially public health doctors (PHDs) who were called out first and put in the first place in the country. PHDs performed major quarantine tasks, such as collecting samples from screening clinics and epidemiological investigations, in various parts of the country, including the Daegu area, where the first large-scale COVID-19 confirmed cases in Korea and explosively increased. Because of their position as fixed-term civil servants, however, PHDs' professionalism as doctors was ignored, and they were not properly compensated for their work. They were also exposed to problems such as a high risk of infection, mental suffering, and various human rights violations. We must prepare concrete measures to improve the fundamental treatment of PHDs and protect their human rights in order to prepare for a possible infectious disease pandemic in the future.