• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.178-178
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• 2001

The interaction of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on the frequency of micronuclei (MN) induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in human lymphocytes was examined. A 60 Hz ELF-MF of 0.8 mT field strength was applied for 24 hours either alone or with the tumour initiator, BP. The frequency of MN induced by BP increased in a dose-dependent manner.(omitted)

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2010

To evaluate the biohazard properties of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF), we explored the physical properties of the ELF-EMF that generates the electric current induction in the secondary coil from the chamber of a primary solenoid coil. We subsequently explored the biological effects of a strong alternating electromagnetic field (EMF), ranging from 730-960 Gauss, on the mouse testis. Mice were exposed to an alternating EMF field induced by a rectangular electric current at 1, 7, 20, 40, and 80 Hertz, for 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours. The mouse testes were examined for proliferative activity and apoptosis using the in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) method and by immunostaining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), respectively. We found that the electric currentm induction increased in the 6-8 Hertz range, and that exposure to an ELF-EMF induced the apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes. In situ TdT staining was found to be most prominent in 7 Hertz group, and gradually reduced in the 20, 40, and 80 Hertz groups. These data suggest that a strong EMF can induce reproductive cell death within a short time, and the harmful effects of the EMF are maximal at low frequency alternating EMFs.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2002

The interaction of low density extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) in the frequency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutation induced by bleomycin and on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) induced by 1,2,4-benzenetriol(BT) was demonstrated. CHO cells pretreated with bleomycin or 1,2,4-benzenetriol were exposed for 24hrs to a sinusoidal 0.8mT magnetic field at 60Hz. Frequency of HPRT mutation and SCEs were determined. ELF MF exposure led to a two-fold increase of the frequency of HPRT mutation induced by bleomycin. No increase of mutation frequency was observed by ELF MF alone ELF MF also increased the frequency of SCEs induced by BT while no Increase of SCE frequencies were observed by ELF MF alone. These results suggest that low density ELF MF field would art as an enhancer rather than as an initiator of mutagenic effects in CHO cell.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2021

인간은 환경적으로 다양한 전자기파에 노출되어 있으나 전자기파에 대한 유해성 평가 및 이를 위한 시스템의 개발은 미진한 상태이다. 따라서 우리는 전자기파에 대한 생물학적 유해성 평가를 위한 시스템을 개발하고, 시스템을 통한 생물학적 유해성 평가를 하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 극저주파 자기장 발생장치를 설계 및 제작하였으며 장치의 출력 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 이 장치를 활용하여 고자기장인 6 mT와 60 Hz에 노출된 세포의 세포스트레스 유도과립(Cellular stress-granules)의 형성 및 세포 분열 주기에 대한 영향을 확인하였다. 그 결과 6, 12 그리고 36시간 동안의 고자기장의 노출은 세포스트레스 유도과립의 형성 및 세포 분열 주기에 영향을 주지 않았다. 이러한 결과들은 극저주파 고자기장에 대한 생물학적 유해성 판단을 위한 중요한 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study is to review the results of exposure to chemicals and to extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields generated in wafer fabrication operations in the semiconductor industry. Methods: Exposure assessment studies of silicon wafer fab operations in the semiconductor industry were collected through an extensive literature review of articles reported until the end of 2015. The key words used in the literature search were "semiconductor industry", "wafer fab", "silicon wafer", and "clean room," both singly and in combination. Literature reporting on airborne chemicals and extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields were collected and reviewed. Results and Conclusions: Major airborne hazardous agents assessed were several organic solvents and ethylene glycol ethers from Photolithography, arsenic from ion implantation and extremely low frequency magnetic fields from the overall fabrication processes. Most exposures to chemicals reported were found to be far below permissible exposure limits(PEL) (10% < PEL). Most of these results were from operators who handled processes in a well-controlled environment. In conclusion, we found a lack of results on exposure to hazardous agents, including chemicals and radiation, which are insufficient for use in the estimation of past exposure. The results we reviewed should be applied with great caution to associate chronic health effects.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.587-591
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• 2005

The effect of extremely low frequency (ELF,60Hz) magnetic fields (MFs) on convulsions was investigated in rats. We determined the onset arid duration of convulsions induced by bicuculline alone or by co-exposure to MFs and bicuculline. In addition, we measured the GABA concentrations in the rat brains using HPLC-ECD. MFs strengthened the convulsion induced by bicuculline (0.3, 1, and 3${\mu}g$, I.c.v.), with a shortening of the onset time, but lengthening of the duration time. Co-exposure to MFs and bicuculline decreased the GABA levels in the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus, whereas MFs alone reduced the level of GABA only in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the exposure to MFs may modulate bicuculline-induced convulsions due to GABA neurotransmissions in rat brains.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2015

To examine the magnetic shielding effect for carbon-based materials at extremely low frequencies (60 Hz), two types of carbon black (Super-P and Denka Black) and a natural graphite (HC-198) were mixed into organic binder at 10 wt.% to produce a coating solution, and a powder coating with varying thickness was applied on an aluminum disk measuring 88 mm in radius. A device was developed to measure the sheielding effect at extremely low frequencies. A closed circuit was achieved by connecting a transformer and a resistor. The applied voltage was fixed at 65 V, and the magnetic field was measured to being the range of 4.95~5.10 mG. Depending on the thickness of the coating layer, the magnetic field showed a decreasing trend. The maximum decrease in the magnetic field of 38.3% was measured when natural graphite was coated with specimens averaging $455{\mu}m$. This study confirmed that carbon-based materials enable magnetic shielding at extremely low frequencies, and that the magnetic shielding effect can be enhanced by varying the coating thickness.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.553-562
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 극저주파 자계 세기를 원격으로 측정하기 위한 장치를 설계하고 제작하였다. 자계 측정기는 자계를 등방적으로 측정하기 위하여 3축 자계 센서를 사용하였으며, 측정 대역내 주파수에서 주파수 특성을 보상하기 위하여 등화기를 사용하였다. 3축 자계 센서의 출력 신호를 시간적으로 다중화 시켜, 3축간 균일한 이득 및 주파수 특성을 얻었다. 자계 측정 레벨 범위는 $0.01{\sim}10.0\;uT$이며, 측정 주파수 대역은 $40{\sim}180\;Hz$이 되도록 설계하였다. 제어 시스템은 무선으로 자계 측정기에 접근하며, 최대 접근 거리는 1.0 km이다. 제작된 장치의 측정 레벨 오차는 5% 이내이다. 제작된 장치는 고전압 송전선이 지나는 골프 연습장에 설치되었다.

• 국방과기술
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• 2호통권38호
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• pp.68-71
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• 1982

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2000년도 International Symposium on Magnetics The 2000 Fall Conference
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• pp.482-483
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• 2000