• 제목/요약/키워드: Extreme Environments

검색결과 185건 처리시간 0.027초

Tropical cyclone activity over the western North Pacific associated with Pacific-Japan teleconnection pattern and its impacts on extreme events over the Korean peninsula

  • Kim, Jong-Suk;Zhou, Wen;Li, Cheuk-Yin
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.38-38
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    • 2012
  • The East Asia (EA) region including China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea are especially vulnerable to hydrometerological extremes during the boreal summer (June-September). This study, therefore, pursued an exploratory analysis to improve better understanding of the potential impacts of the two types of PJ patterns on WNP Tropical cyclone (TC) activities and TC-induced extreme moisture fluxes over Korea's five major river basins. This study shows that during positive PJ years, the large-scale atmospheric environments are more favorable for the TC activities than those in negative PJ years. During positive PJ year, it is found that there are weaker wind shear, stronger rising motion, as well as large relative humidity over the Korean peninsula (KP) compared to negative PJ years. As a result, TCs making landfall are more exhibited over the southeastern portions of South Korea. Despite the relatively modest sample size, we expect that insights and results presented here will be useful for developing a critical support system for the effective reduction and mitigation of TC-caused disasters, as well as for water supply management in coupled human and natural systems.

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해저공간창출 및 활용기술 동향과 계획 (Trends and Plans of Subsea Space Creation and Utilization Technology)

  • 한택희;홍혜민;김성원
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.89-90
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    • 2021
  • 심해에 건설되는 해저기지는 우주공간에서의 조건보다 더 극한의 환경에 건설되며, 이를 위해서는 구조공학, 자원공학, 기계공학, 조선공학, 해양공학, 지질학 등의 관련 분야의 극한기술이 상호 융합되어야 한다. 또한, 해양자원 개발에는 해양물리, 화학, 생물학, 지질학 등 기초 해양과학 이외에도 기계, 전자, 조선, 기상, 잠수의학 등 응용과학 지식의 융·복합이 필요하며, 각 필요 기술들의 발전과 각 기술의 종합적인 융합이 이루어져야만 해저기지의 건설이 가능할 것이다. 해저기지의 건설을 위해 개발되는 극한 기술의 발전은 각 분야의 최첨단 기술이 될 것이며, 우주공간 및 타 분야에도 적용이 가능하여, 최신 기술을 선점할 수 있는 기회가 될 것이다.

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극한 환경 내 안전조치 장비 운영에 관한 연구 (Research on the Operation of Safeguards Equipment in Extreme Environmental Conditions)

  • 한지영;박수희;박제완;김용민
    • 한국방사선학회논문지
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    • 제17권7호
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    • pp.1189-1195
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    • 2023
  • 원자력 시설 사찰, 검증 등의 상황을 가정하였을 때, 현장 내 안전조치 장비의 정상 작동 담보는 필수적 요소이다. 카자흐스탄의 핵실험금지조약 현장 사찰 대비 훈련에서 극저온으로 인해 장비가 정상 운영되지 못한 선례가 있으며 북한 풍계리 핵실험장의 연중 최저 기온은 영하 30도 내외이다. 한반도 원자력 활동 현장 검증을 위해서는 극한 환경 내 장비의 정상 작동 담보를 위한 관련 연구가 필요하며, 여기에는 사찰 및 검증에 활용되는 장비 확인, 정상 작동을 방해하는 위험요인 분석 등이 포함된다. 본 연구는 극한 환경 내 장비의 정상 운영을 위한 위험성 분석, 환경 기반 성능 시험 기준 및 절차 개발을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 IAEA 안전조치 방법, 활용 장비 분석, 한반도 환경 특성과 현장 검증을 위한 운반에 따른 위험성 분석을 수행하고 성능 시험 기준 및 절차를 제시하였다. 연구 결과는 핵활동 검증 및 감시 과정에서 참고 자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 한반도 비핵화 참여에 대비한 정책 및 전략 수립에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

해양구조물용 silica 기반 내해수성 코팅제의 제조 및 응용 (Preparation and application of silica-based coatings for corrosion protection of marine structures)

  • 이병우
    • 한국결정성장학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구에서는 상온경화형 silica-based 코팅제의 제조 및 해양구조물에 적용하여 가혹한 해양환경에서 방식 및 방오 성능 발현을 위한 실용화 개발 연구를 수행하였다. 구조상 외부에 노출된 부분이 많은 해양(플랜트) 구조물은 강한 자외선, 극심한 온도차, 염수에 의한 부식 등 가혹한 해양환경에 고립되어 운용된다. 이러한 환경 하에서는 쉽게 열화 되고 파도 등 물리적 자극에도 쉽게 침식되는 유기계 페인트들은 그 역할을 제대로 할 수 없다. 해양구조물에 치밀한 세라믹 코팅을 형성시킬 경우 녹이 발생하지 않고 경도가 높아 시설물을 해수환경 하에서도 치밀하게 보호할 수 있다. 세라믹 코팅제의 경우 그 기능의 장점들로 인해 해양 구조물에서 그 용도와 적용범위는 크게 증진될 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 colloidal silica를 기반으로 실란계 커플링제, 경화제 및 세라믹 충진제로 구성된 silica-based 코팅제 조성개발과 해수중 방식 및 방오용 보호코팅제로의 응용에 대해 연구하였다.

수중복합 환경시험장비의 개발에 관한 연구 (Development of Test Equipment for Complex Underwater Environments)

  • 김종철;이기천;최병오;정동수;이충성;전준완;이재호;황경하
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제39권9호
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    • pp.871-877
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    • 2015
  • 다양한 기계부품과 센서류가 포함된 수중로봇, 무인 잠수정 등과 같은 심해장비 시스템은 수심에 따른 높은 수압과 온도, 조류 등 심해의 복합적인 극한 환경조건의 영향을 받기 때문에 실제 현장에서 사용되기 전에 제품의 신뢰성을 검증하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이러한 복합적인 해양환경을 재현하여 제품에 대한 실증적인 시험을 할 수 있는 시험장비의 구축이 요구되는 실정이다. 본 연구를 통하여 최대수압 2.0MPa, 수온 $5{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, 최대유속 2 m/s의 복합 환경조건의 구현이 가능한 워크인 타입의 수중복합 환경시험장비를 구성하는 주요 구성품의 개발 요구사양 및 설계방안을 제시하고 이를 통해 심해장비 시스템 및 모듈 부품에 대한 제품 신뢰도를 검증할 수 있는 시험장비의 개발 내용을 제시하고자 한다.

1-Point Ransac Based Robust Visual Odometry

  • Nguyen, Van Cuong;Heo, Moon Beom;Jee, Gyu-In
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.81-89
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    • 2013
  • Many of the current visual odometry algorithms suffer from some extreme limitations such as requiring a high amount of computation time, complex algorithms, and not working in urban environments. In this paper, we present an approach that can solve all the above problems using a single camera. Using a planar motion assumption and Ackermann's principle of motion, we construct the vehicle's motion model as a circular planar motion (2DOF). Then, we adopt a 1-point method to improve the Ransac algorithm and the relative motion estimation. In the Ransac algorithm, we use a 1-point method to generate the hypothesis and then adopt the Levenberg-Marquardt method to minimize the geometric error function and verify inliers. In motion estimation, we combine the 1-point method with a simple least-square minimization solution to handle cases in which only a few feature points are present. The 1-point method is the key to speed up our visual odometry application to real-time systems. Finally, a Bundle Adjustment algorithm is adopted to refine the pose estimation. The results on real datasets in urban dynamic environments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.

Progresses on the Optimal Processing and Properties of Highly Porous Rare Earth Silicate Thermal Insulators

  • Wu, Zhen;Sun, Luchao;Wang, Jingyang
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.527-555
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    • 2018
  • High-temperature thermal insulation materials challenge extensive oxide candidates such as porus $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, yttria-stabilized zirconia, and mullite, due to the needs of good mechanical, thermal, and chemical reliabilities at high temperatures simultaneously. Recently, porous rare earth (RE) silicates have been revealed to be excellent thermal insulators in harsh environments. These materials display attractive properties, including high porosity, moderately high compressive strength, low processing shrinkage (near-net-shaping), and very low thermal conductivity. The current critical challenge is to balance the excellent thermal insulation property (extremely high porosity) with their good mechanical properties, especially at high temperatures. Herein, we review the recent developments in processing techniques to achieve extremely high porosity and multiscale strengthening strategy, including solid solution strengthening and fiber reinforcement methods, for enhancing the mechanical properties of porous RE silicate ceramics. Highly porous RE silicates are highlighted as emerging high-temperature thermal insulators for extreme environments.

CVD로 in-situ 도핑된 다결정 3C-SiC 박막의 기계적 특성 (Mechanical properties of In-situ doped poly crystalline 3C-SiC thin films grown by CVD)

  • 이규환;정귀상
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.194-194
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    • 2009
  • 3C-SiC thin films are widely used in extreme environments, radio frequency (RF) environments, and bio-materials for micro/nano electronic mechanical systems (M/NEMS). The mechanical properties of 3C-SiC thin films need to be considered when designing M/NEMS, so Young's Modulus and the hardness need to be accurately measured. Young's Modulus and the hardness are influenced by N-doping. In this paper, we show that the mechanical properties of poly (polycrystalline) 3C-SiC thin films are influenced by the N-doping concentration. Furthermore, we measure the mechanical properties of 3C-SiC thin films for N-doping concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%, by using nanoindentation. For films deposited using a 1% N-doping concentration, Young's Modulus and the hardness were measured as 270 GPa and 30 GPa, respectively. When the surface roughness of the thin films was investigated by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the roughness of the 5% N-doped 3C-SiC thin film was the lowest of all the films, at 15 nm.

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소구경 미세홈 고속가공시 가공환경변화에 따른 가공성 평가 (Evaluation of Machinability of Micro groove by Cutting Environments in High Speed Machining using Ball End Mill)

  • 정연행;이태문;강명창;이득우;김정석
    • 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국공작기계학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2002
  • High speed machining is one of most effective technologies to improve productivity. It can give great advantage for manufacture of die and Moulds. However, when the high speed machining of materials, especially in machining of micro groove, a severely thermal demage was generated on workpiece and tool. Generally, the cutting fluid is used to improve penetration, lubrication, and cooling effect. In order to rise the performance of lubrication, it contains extreme pressure agents (Cl, S, P). But the environment of work room go bad by those additive Therefore, the compressed chilly air with Oil mist system was developed to replace the conventional cutting fluid system. This paper carried out the tests to evaluate the machinability by the cutting environment in high speed micro groove machining of NAK80 (HRC40). Compressed chilly air with oil mist was ejected on the contact area between cutting edge and workpiece. The effectiveness of this developed compressed chilly air with oil mist system was evaluated in terms of tool life. The results showed that the tool life of carbide tool coated TiAIN with compressed chilly air mist cooling was much longer than with dry and flood coolant when cutting the material.

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Erosion Behavior of SiC Coated C/C Composites with Condition of Combustion Test

  • Joo, Hyeok-Jong;Min, Kyung-Dae;Lee, Jae-Won
    • Carbon letters
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2003
  • Carbon/carbon composites are ideal candidates for a number of aerospace applications including structural materials for advanced vehicles, leading edges, structures of re-entry and hypersonic vehicles and propulsion systems. One serious defect for such application of the carbon/carbon composites is their poor oxidation resistance in high temperature oxidizing environments. SiC coating was employed to protect the composites from oxidation. It is mechanically and chemically stable under extreme thermal and oxidative environments, provides good adhesion to the substrate, and offers good thermal shock resistance. The SiC layer on the nozzle machined from the carbon/carbon composites was formed by pack-cementation method. Then, erosion characteristic of SiC coated carbon/carbon nozzle was examined by combustion test using a liquid rocket motor. The erosion rates were measured as function of combustion pressure, ratio of oxygen to fuel, combustion time, density of the composites and geometry of reinforced carbon fibre in the composites. The morphology change of the composites after combustion test was investigated using SEM and erosion mechanism also was discussed.

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