• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2014

Silkworm (Bombyx mori ) feces have long been used in the pharmaceutical and food industries as a natural colorant. However, there is limited data on the bioactive compounds that constitute silkworm feces. This research emphasizes the antioxidant activity of different solvent and flavonoid extracts of silkworm feces. The solvents were ethanol, butanol, and water, while the methods utilized included ultrasonification, stirrer, reflux, and reflux after ultrasonification extraction. Results showed that butanol ultrasonification extraction (BUE) yield the lowest extraction (1.75%), while the other methods yielded 7 to 14%. The total polyphenol content utilizing BUE was 3.3 mg TAE/g, while water ultrasonification extraction (WUE) yielded the highest extraction rate with 51.6 mg TAE/g. The total flavonoid content was significantly higher using ethanol reflux extraction (EUE) at 266.8 mg QRE/g BUE, which was 158.3 and 151.3 mg QRE/g. Both DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like (superoxide dismutase) activity, showed significant antioxidant effects. Finally, all other extracts except for BUE had a-glucosidase inhibition at 60%. Therefore, an effective extraction method for physiologically active substances must be selected.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1416-1422
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• 2009

To observe the difference and change of the efficacy and ingredient appearing according to whether semen zizyphi spinosae has been roasted and its extraction method, locomotor activity, anticonvulsant activity, sleeping effect of each hot water and UMPM low temperature extracts of roast and raw semen zizyphi spinosae were measured through animal tests. Roast semen zizyphi spinosae showed superior pharmacological efficacy than raw semen zizyphi spinosae. Also, hot water extraction method showed superior pharmacological efficacy than low temperature extraction method(UMPM) that uses ultrasonic waves and microwaves. In short, it was shown that herbal medicine's extraction method needs to maximize medicinal effects by trying optimum extraction methods according to efficacy by considering characteristics of each herbal medicine. Together, there's also the need for in-depth studies on water-soluble ingredients of semen zizyphi spinosae that may be extracted through full hot water extraction method.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2021

The demand for sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from food matrices has been increasing. Water extraction of anthocyanins in aronia was investigated using conventional and ultrasonic-assisted methods. The optimum extraction conditions for the conventional method included a sample-to-water ratio of 1:40 g/mL, extraction temperature 71℃, and extraction time of 39 min. The optimized conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction were a sample-to-water ratio of 1:40 g/mL, extraction temperature 80℃, extraction time of 20 min, and an amplitude of 87.2 ㎛. The anthocyanin contents of the two extracts were 155.32 and 158.02 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively. The major anthocyanins were cyanidin 3-galactoside (65% of the total) and cyanidin 3-arabinoside (30% of the total). The contents of individual anthocyanins and phenolic acids were not significantly different between the two optimized extracts.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2009

이 논문은 고차원의 데이터를 저 차원으로 줄이는 방법 중 하나인 특징추출에 대한 방법들의 특성을 비교한다. 비교대상 방법은 전통적인 PCA(Principal Component Analysis)방법과 시각피질의 특성을 보인다고 알려진 ICA(Independent Component Analysis), 국소기반인식을 구현한 NMF(Non-negative Matrix Factorization), 그리고 이의 성능을 개선한 sNMF(Sparse NMF)로 정하였다. 추출된 특징들의 특성을 시각적으로 확인하기 위하여 필기체 숫자 영상을 대상으로 특징추출을 수행하였으며, 인식기에 적용한 효과의 확인을 위하여 추출된 특징을 다층퍼셉트론에 학습시켜보았다. 각 방법의 특성을 비교한 결과는 응용하고자 하는 문제에서 어떤 특징을 추출하기 원하느냐에 따라 특징추출 방법을 선정할 때 유용할 것이다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2012

방대한 양의 데이터로부터 정보추출의 정확도를 향상시키기 위한 많은 방법이 개발되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는NER(named entity recognition), 문장 추출, 스피치 태깅과 같은 여러 가지의 자연어 처리 작업을 통합하여 텍스트를 분석하였다. 데이터는 도메인에 특화된 데이터 추출 에이전트를 사용하여 웹에서 수집한 텍스트로 구성하였고, 위에서 언급한 자연어 처리 작업을 사용하여 비 구조화된 데이터로부터 정보를 추출하는 프레임 워크를 개발하였다. 조직 구조의 탐색을 위한 택스트 추출 및 분석 관점에서 연구의 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과, 정보추출에서 MUC 및 CoNLL과 같은 다른 NER 분석기 보다 성능이 우수함을 보였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2014

Cosmetic activities of the leaves of Curcuma longa L. were compared according to different drying methods, to expand the use of the by-products of Curcuma longa L. The highest extraction yield of 29.4% was obtained from vacuum drying process (VD), whose value was very close to 29.2% from freeze drying process (FD). Relatively lower extraction yield were observed as 24.5% and 25.3% from the raw leaf (RL) as control and hot air drying process (HD). The cytotoxicity was observed lower FD and VD than RL and HD. It shows that cytotoxicity was closely related to cosmetic activities such as tyrosinase and melanin inhibition activities by showing much better cosmetic activities of the extracts from both FD and VD than those from the RL and HD. It was interesting that was differences of the cosmetic activities and cytotoxicity between FD and VD, which implies that VD method should be a more efficient process than FD method in terms of drying time and operation costs: 6 hours vs 24 hours and 3-5 times higher extraction costs in drying. It was observed that VD is more excellent dry method than others. This result could be utilized to effectively dry other soft plant biomass.

• 분석과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2018

The hydrothermal carbonization method has received great attention because of the conversion process from biomass. The reaction produces various products in hydrochar, bio-liquid, and gas. Even though its yield cannot be ignored in amount, it is difficult to find research papers on bio-liquid generated from the hydrothermal carbonization reaction of biomass. In particular, the heterogeneity of feedstock composition may make the characterization of bio-liquid different and difficult. In this study, bio-liquid from the hydrothermal carbonization reaction of food wastes at $230^{\circ}C$ for 4 h was investigated. Among various products, fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed using two different extraction methods: liquid-liquid extraction and column chromatography. Different elutions with various solvents enabled us to categorize the various components. The eluents and fractions obtained from two different extraction methods were analyzed by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The composition of the bio-liquid in each fraction was characterized, and seven fatty acid methyl esters were identified using the library installed in GC/MS device.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2009

DNA isolation for PCR-based short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is essential to recover high yields of amplifiable DNA from low copy number (LCN) DNA samples. There are different methods developed for DNA extraction from the small bloodstain and gloves, commonly found at crime scenes. In order to obtain STR profiles from LCN DNA samples, DNA extraction protocols, namely the automated $iPrep^{TM}$ $ChargeSwitch^{(R)}$ method, the automated $QIAcube^{TM}$ method, the automated $Maxwell^{(R)}$ 16 DNA $IQ^{TM}$ Resin method, and the manual $QIAamp^{(R)}$ DNA Micro Kit method, were evaluated. Extracted DNA was quantified by the $Quantifiler^{TM}$ Human DNA Quantification Kit and DNA profiled by $AmpFISTR^{(R)}$ $Identifiler^{(R)}$ Kit. Results were compared based on the amount of DNA obtained and the completeness of the STR profiles produced. The automated $iPrep^{TM}$ $ChargeSwitch^{(R)}$ and $QIAcube^{TM}$ methoas produced reproducible DNA of sufficient quantity and quality trom the dried blood spot. This two automated methods showed a quantity and quality comparable to those of the forensic manual standard protocols normally used in our laboratory. In our hands, the automated DNA extraction method is another obvious choice when the forensic case sample available is bloodstain. The findings of this study indicate that the manual simple modified $QIAamp^{(R)}$ DNA Micro Kit method is best method to recover high yields of amplifiable DNA from the numerous potential sources of LCN DNA samples.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.289-303
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• 2004

이 연구에서는 이용자가 여러 곳에 분산되어 있는 문서들을 일일이 보지 않고 하나의 요약문에서 쉽게 질의에 맞는 답을 찾을 수 있는 가장 효율적인 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 클러스터링 기법, 단락확장 기법, 두 기법의 특성을 반영한 혼합 기법 등 세 가지 복수문서 요약 기법의 성능을 평가하는 실험을 수행하였다. 요약기법 평가 기준으로는 요약 정확률과 요약문내 정보 중복도를 적용하였다. 실험결과 이용자 질의에 따라 여러 문서를 요약하는 최적 기법으로 문장검색을 기반으로 한 순차적 단락확장 기법을 제안하였다. 순차적 단락확장은 특히, 용약의 대상이 되는 문서가 대용량인 환경에서 정확한 정보를 찾아 요약문을 생성하는 성능이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-15
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• 2011

The Korean government has regulated emission of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in waste water of manufacturing facilities producing chlorinated compounds since 2009. As this regulation is expected to be reinforced in 2013 to 50 pg I-TEQ/L, a large sample volume is required for the analysis of trace amounts of PCDD/Fs in waste water. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is used to extract PCDD/Fs from aqueous samples; however, its low efficiency makes it inadequate for analyzing large sample volumes. Herein, we present a disk-type solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for the analysis of dioxin at a part per quadrillion level in waste water. This SPE system contains airtight glass covers with a decompression pump, which enables continuous semi-automated extraction. Small (0.5 L) and large (7 L) samples were extracted using LLE and SPE methods, respectively. The method detection limits (MDLs) were 0.001.0.25 and 0.015.4.1 pg I-TEQ/L for the SPE and LLE methods, respectively. The concentrations of detected congeners with both methods were similar. However, the concentrations of several congeners that were not detected with the LLE method were quantified using the SPE method.